The 56th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from March 4, 1899, to March 4, 1901, during the third and fourth years of William McKinley's presidency. The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the 1890 United States census. Both chambers had a Republican majority. There was one African-American member, George Henry White of North Carolina, who served his second and final term as a representative in this Congress, and would be the last black member of Congress until 1928, and the last black member of Congress from the South until 1972.

Major events

Major legislation

Territory organized

Party summary

The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

Senate

Senate membership (final) 26 Democrats 53 Republicans 5 Populists 3 Silver Republicans 2 Silver (1 Vacant)
Party (shading shows control)TotalVacant
Democratic (D)Populist (P)Republican (R)Silver Republican (SR)Silver (S)
End of previous congress3454452900
Begin2645032855
End25553882
Final voting share28.4%5.7%60.2%3.4%2.3%
Beginning of next congress2835320864

House of Representatives

Party (shading shows control)TotalVacant
Democratic (D)Populist (P)Republican (R)Silver Republican (SR)Silver (S)
End of previous congress12222202313507
Begin1626183213543
End1581863534
Final voting share44.8%1.7%52.7%0.6%0.3%
Non-voting members1020031
Beginning of next congress1525196113552

Leadership

President of the Senate Garret Hobart
Speaker of the House David B. Henderson

Senate

House of Representatives

Majority (Republican) leadership

Minority (Democratic) leadership

Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives are listed by district.

Skip to House of Representatives, below

Senate

At this time, senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began with this Congress, requiring re-election in 1904; Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring re-election in 1900; and Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring re-election in 1902.

Alabama ▌2. John T. Morgan (D) ▌3. Edmund W. Pettus (D) Arkansas ▌2. James H. Berry (D) ▌3. James K. Jones (D) California ▌1. Thomas R. Bard (R), from February 7, 1900 ▌3. George C. Perkins (R) Colorado ▌2. Edward O. Wolcott (R) ▌3. Henry M. Teller (SR) Connecticut ▌1. Joseph R. Hawley (R) ▌3. Orville H. Platt (R) Delaware ▌1. vacant ▌2. Richard R. Kenney (D) Florida ▌1. Samuel Pasco (D), until April 18, 1899 ▌James Taliaferro (D), from April 19, 1899 ▌3. Stephen R. Mallory (D) Georgia ▌2. Augustus O. Bacon (D) ▌3. Alexander S. Clay (D) Idaho ▌2. George L. Shoup (R) ▌3. Henry Heitfeld (P) Illinois ▌2. Shelby M. Cullom (R) ▌3. William E. Mason (R) Indiana ▌1. Albert J. Beveridge (R) ▌3. Charles W. Fairbanks (R) Iowa ▌2. John H. Gear (R), until July 14, 1900 ▌Jonathan P. Dolliver (R), from August 22, 1900 ▌3. William B. Allison (R) Kansas ▌2. Lucien Baker (R) ▌3. William A. Harris (P) Kentucky ▌2. William Lindsay (D) ▌3. William J. Deboe (R) Louisiana ▌2. Donelson Caffery (D) ▌3. Samuel D. McEnery (D) Maine ▌1. Eugene Hale (R) ▌2. William P. Frye (R) Maryland ▌1. Louis E. McComas (R) ▌3. George L. Wellington (R) Massachusetts ▌1. Henry Cabot Lodge (R) ▌2. George F. Hoar (R) Michigan ▌1. Julius C. Burrows (R) ▌2. James McMillan (R) Minnesota ▌1. Cushman K. Davis (R), until November 27, 1900 ▌Charles A. Towne (D), December 5, 1900 – January 23, 1901 ▌Moses E. Clapp (R), from January 23, 1901 ▌2. Knute Nelson (R) Mississippi ▌1. Hernando D. Money (D) ▌2. William V. Sullivan (D) Missouri ▌1. Francis Cockrell (D) ▌3. George G. Vest (D)Montana ▌1. William A. Clark (D), until May 15, 1900 ▌2. Thomas H. Carter (R) Nebraska ▌1. Monroe L. Hayward (R), March 8, 1899 – December 5, 1899 ▌William V. Allen (P), from December 13, 1899 ▌2. John M. Thurston (R) Nevada ▌1. William M. Stewart (S) ▌3. John P. Jones (S) New Hampshire ▌2. William E. Chandler (R) ▌3. Jacob H. Gallinger (R) New Jersey ▌1. John Kean Jr. (R) ▌2. William J. Sewell (R) New York ▌1. Chauncey M. Depew (R) ▌3. Thomas C. Platt (R) North Carolina ▌2. Marion Butler (P) ▌3. Jeter C. Pritchard (R) North Dakota ▌1. Porter J. McCumber (R) ▌3. Henry C. Hansbrough (R) Ohio ▌1. Marcus A. Hanna (R) ▌3. Joseph B. Foraker (R) Oregon ▌2. George W. McBride (R) ▌3. Joseph Simon (R) Pennsylvania ▌1. Matthew S. Quay (R), from January 16, 1901 ▌3. Boies Penrose (R) Rhode Island ▌1. Nelson W. Aldrich (R) ▌2. George P. Wetmore (R) South Carolina ▌2. Benjamin R. Tillman (D) ▌3. John L. McLaurin (D) South Dakota ▌2. Richard F. Pettigrew (SR) ▌3. James H. Kyle (P) Tennessee ▌1. William B. Bate (D) ▌2. Thomas B. Turley (D) Texas ▌1. Charles A. Culberson (D) ▌2. Horace Chilton (D) Utah ▌1. Thomas Kearns (R), from January 23, 1901 ▌3. Joseph L. Rawlins (D) Vermont ▌1. Redfield Proctor (R) ▌3. Jonathan Ross (R), until October 18, 1900 ▌William P. Dillingham (R), from October 18, 1900 Virginia ▌1. John W. Daniel (D) ▌2. Thomas S. Martin (D) Washington ▌1. Addison G. Foster (R) ▌3. George Turner (SR) West Virginia ▌1. Nathan B. Scott (R) ▌2. Stephen B. Elkins (R) Wisconsin ▌1. Joseph V. Quarles (R) ▌3. John C. Spooner (R) Wyoming ▌1. Clarence D. Clark (R) ▌2. Francis E. Warren (R)Senators' party membership by state at the opening of the 56th Congress in March 1899. The green stripes represent Populists, while the gray stripes represent Silver Republicans. One of Delaware's seats was never filled. 2 Democrats 1 Democrat and 1 Republican 2 Republicans 2 Silver

House of Representatives

House seats by party holding plurality in state
Alabama ▌1. George W. Taylor (D) ▌2. Jesse F. Stallings (D) ▌3. Henry D. Clayton (D) ▌4. Gaston A. Robbins (D), until March 8, 1900 ▌William F. Aldrich (R), from March 8, 1900 ▌5. Willis Brewer (D) ▌6. John H. Bankhead (D) ▌7. John L. Burnett (D) ▌8. Joseph Wheeler (D), until April 20, 1900 ▌William N. Richardson (D), from December 3, 1900 ▌9. Oscar Underwood (D) Arkansas ▌1. Philip D. McCulloch Jr. (D) ▌2. John S. Little (D) ▌3. Thomas C. McRae (D) ▌4. William L. Terry (D) ▌5. Hugh A. Dinsmore (D) ▌6. Stephen Brundidge Jr. (D) California ▌1. John A. Barham (R) ▌2. Marion De Vries (D), until August 20, 1900 ▌Samuel D. Woods (R), from December 3, 1900 ▌3. Victor H. Metcalf (R) ▌4. Julius Kahn (R) ▌5. Eugene F. Loud (R) ▌6. Russell J. Waters (R) ▌7. James C. Needham (R) Colorado ▌1. John F. Shafroth (SR) ▌2. John C. Bell (P) Connecticut ▌1. E. Stevens Henry (R) ▌2. Nehemiah D. Sperry (R) ▌3. Charles A. Russell (R) ▌4. Ebenezer J. Hill (R) Delaware ▌At-large. John H. Hoffecker (R), until June 16, 1900 ▌Walter O. Hoffecker (R), from November 6, 1900 Florida ▌1. Stephen M. Sparkman (D) ▌2. Robert W. Davis (D) Georgia ▌1. Rufus E. Lester (D) ▌2. James M. Griggs (D) ▌3. Elijah B. Lewis (D) ▌4. William C. Adamson (D) ▌5. Leonidas F. Livingston (D) ▌6. Charles L. Bartlett (D) ▌7. John W. Maddox (D) ▌8. William M. Howard (D) ▌9. Farish C. Tate (D) ▌10. William H. Fleming (D) ▌11. William G. Brantley (D) Idaho ▌At-large. Edgar Wilson (SR) Illinois ▌1. James R. Mann (R) ▌2. William Lorimer (R) ▌3. George P. Foster (D) ▌4. Thomas Cusack (D) ▌5. Edward T. Noonan (D) ▌6. Henry S. Boutell (R) ▌7. George E. Foss (R) ▌8. Albert J. Hopkins (R) ▌9. Robert R. Hitt (R) ▌10. George W. Prince (R) ▌11. Walter Reeves (R) ▌12. Joseph G. Cannon (R) ▌13. Vespasian Warner (R) ▌14. Joseph V. Graff (R) ▌15. Benjamin F. Marsh (R) ▌16. William E. Williams (D) ▌17. Ben F. Caldwell (D) ▌18. Thomas M. Jett (D) ▌19. Joseph B. Crowley (D) ▌20. James R. Williams (D) ▌21. William A. Rodenberg (R) ▌22. George Washington Smith (R) Indiana ▌1. James A. Hemenway (R) ▌2. Robert W. Miers (D) ▌3. William T. Zenor (D) ▌4. Francis M. Griffith (D) ▌5. George W. Faris (R) ▌6. James E. Watson (R) ▌7. Jesse Overstreet (R) ▌8. George W. Cromer (R) ▌9. Charles B. Landis (R) ▌10. Edgar D. Crumpacker (R) ▌11. George W. Steele (R) ▌12. James M. Robinson (D) ▌13. Abraham L. Brick (R) Iowa ▌1. Thomas Hedge (R) ▌2. Joseph R. Lane (R) ▌3. David B. Henderson (R) ▌4. Gilbert N. Haugen (R) ▌5. Robert G. Cousins (R) ▌6. John F. Lacey (R) ▌7. John A. T. Hull (R) ▌8. William P. Hepburn (R) ▌9. Smith McPherson (R), until June 6, 1900 ▌Walter I. Smith (R), from December 3, 1900 ▌10. Jonathan P. Dolliver (R), until August 22, 1900 ▌James P. Conner (R), from December 4, 1900 ▌11. Lot Thomas (R) Kansas ▌1. Charles Curtis (R) ▌2. Justin De Witt Bowersock (R) ▌3. Edwin R. Ridgely (P) ▌4. James Monroe Miller (R) ▌5. William A. Calderhead (R) ▌6. William A. Reeder (R) ▌7. Chester I. Long (R) ▌At-large. Willis Joshua Bailey (R) Kentucky ▌1. Charles K. Wheeler (D) ▌2. Henry Dixon Allen (D) ▌3. John S. Rhea (D) ▌4. David Highbaugh Smith (D) ▌5. Oscar Turner (D) ▌6. Albert S. Berry (D) ▌7. Evan E. Settle (D), until November 16, 1899 ▌June Ward Gayle (D), from January 15, 1900 ▌8. George G. Gilbert (D) ▌9. Samuel J. Pugh (R) ▌10. Thomas Y. Fitzpatrick (D) ▌11. Vincent Boreing (R) Louisiana ▌1. Adolph Meyer (D) ▌2. Robert C. Davey (D) ▌3. Robert F. Broussard (D) ▌4. Phanor Breazeale (D) ▌5. Samuel T. Baird (D), until April 22, 1899 ▌Joseph E. Ransdell (D), from August 29, 1899 ▌6. Samuel M. Robertson (D) Maine ▌1. Thomas B. Reed (R), until September 4, 1899 ▌Amos L. Allen (R), from November 6, 1899 ▌2. Charles E. Littlefield (R), from June 19, 1899 ▌3. Edwin C. Burleigh (R) ▌4. Charles A. Boutelle (R), until March 3, 1901 Maryland ▌1. John W. Smith (D), until January 12, 1900 ▌Josiah Kerr (R), from November 6, 1900 ▌2. William B. Baker (R) ▌3. Frank C. Wachter (R) ▌4. James W. Denny (D) ▌5. Sydney E. Mudd (R) ▌6. George A. Pearre (R) Massachusetts ▌1. George P. Lawrence (R) ▌2. Frederick H. Gillett (R) ▌3. John R. Thayer (D) ▌4. George W. Weymouth (R) ▌5. William S. Knox (R) ▌6. William H. Moody (R) ▌7. Ernest W. Roberts (R) ▌8. Samuel W. McCall (R) ▌9. John F. Fitzgerald (D) ▌10. Henry F. Naphen (D) ▌11. Charles F. Sprague (R) ▌12. William C. Lovering (R) ▌13. William S. Greene (R) Michigan ▌1. John B. Corliss (R) ▌2. Henry C. Smith (R) ▌3. Washington Gardner (R) ▌4. Edward L. Hamilton (R) ▌5. William Alden Smith (R) ▌6. Samuel W. Smith (R) ▌7. Edgar Weeks (R) ▌8. Joseph W. Fordney (R) ▌9. Roswell P. Bishop (R) ▌10. Rousseau O. Crump (R) ▌11. William S. Mesick (R) ▌12. Carlos D. Shelden (R) Minnesota ▌1. James Albertus Tawney (R) ▌2. James T. McCleary (R) ▌3. Joel Heatwole (R) ▌4. Frederick C. Stevens (R) ▌5. Loren Fletcher (R) ▌6. R. Page W. Morris (R) ▌7. Frank Eddy (R) Mississippi ▌1. John M. Allen (D) ▌2. Thomas Spight (D) ▌3. Thomas C. Catchings (D) ▌4. Andrew F. Fox (D) ▌5. John Sharp Williams (D) ▌6. Frank A. McLain (D) ▌7. Patrick Henry (D) Missouri ▌1. James T. Lloyd (D) ▌2. William W. Rucker (D) ▌3. John Dougherty (D) ▌4. Charles F. Cochran (D) ▌5. William S. Cowherd (D) ▌6. David A. De Armond (D) ▌7. James Cooney (D) ▌8. Richard P. Bland (D), until June 15, 1899 ▌Dorsey W. Shackleford (D), from August 29, 1899 ▌9. James Beauchamp Clark (D) ▌10. Richard Bartholdt (R) ▌11. Charles F. Joy (R) ▌12. Charles E. Pearce (R) ▌13. Edward Robb (D) ▌14. Willard D. Vandiver (D) ▌15. Maecenas E. Benton (D) Montana ▌At-large. Albert J. Campbell (D)Nebraska ▌1. Elmer J. Burkett (R) ▌2. David H. Mercer (R) ▌3. John S. Robinson (D) ▌4. William L. Stark (P) ▌5. Roderick D. Sutherland (P) ▌6. William L. Greene (P), until March 11, 1899 ▌William Neville (P), from December 4, 1899 Nevada ▌At-large. Francis G. Newlands (S) New Hampshire ▌1. Cyrus A. Sulloway (R) ▌2. Frank G. Clarke (R) until January 9, 1901 New Jersey ▌1. Henry C. Loudenslager (R) ▌2. John J. Gardner (R) ▌3. Benjamin F. Howell (R) ▌4. Joshua S. Salmon (D) ▌5. James F. Stewart (R) ▌6. Richard Wayne Parker (R) ▌7. William D. Daly (D), until July 31, 1900 ▌Allan L. McDermott (D), from December 3, 1900 ▌8. Charles N. Fowler (R) New York ▌1. Townsend Scudder (D) ▌2. John J. Fitzgerald (D) ▌3. Edmund H. Driggs (D) ▌4. Bertram T. Clayton (D) ▌5. Frank E. Wilson (D) ▌6. Mitchell May (D) ▌7. Nicholas Muller (D) ▌8. Daniel J. Riordan (D) ▌9. Thomas J. Bradley (D) ▌10. Amos J. Cummings (D) ▌11. William Sulzer (D) ▌12. George B. McClellan Jr. (D) ▌13. Jefferson M. Levy (D) ▌14. William A. Chanler (D) ▌15. Jacob Ruppert (D) ▌16. John Q. Underhill (D) ▌17. Arthur S. Tompkins (R) ▌18. John H. Ketcham (R) ▌19. Aaron V. S. Cochrane (R) ▌20. Martin H. Glynn (D) ▌21. John Knox Stewart (R) ▌22. Lucius N. Littauer (R) ▌23. Louis W. Emerson (R) ▌24. Charles A. Chickering (R), until February 13, 1900 ▌Albert D. Shaw (R), November 6, 1900 – February 10, 1901 ▌25. James S. Sherman (R) ▌26. George W. Ray (R) ▌27. Michael E. Driscoll (R) ▌28. Sereno E. Payne (R) ▌29. Charles W. Gillet (R) ▌30. James W. Wadsworth (R) ▌31. James M. E. O'Grady (R) ▌32. William H. Ryan (D) ▌33. De Alva S. Alexander (R) ▌34. Edward B. Vreeland (R), from November 7, 1899 North Carolina ▌1. John Humphrey Small (D) ▌2. George H. White (R) ▌3. Charles R. Thomas (D) ▌4. John W. Atwater (P) ▌5. William W. Kitchin (D) ▌6. John D. Bellamy (D) ▌7. Theodore F. Kluttz (D) ▌8. Romulus Z. Linney (R) ▌9. William T. Crawford (D), until May 10, 1900 ▌Richmond Pearson (R), from May 10, 1900 North Dakota ▌At-large. Burleigh F. Spalding (R) Ohio ▌1. William B. Shattuc (R) ▌2. Jacob H. Bromwell (R) ▌3. John L. Brenner (D) ▌4. Robert B. Gordon (D) ▌5. David Meekison (D) ▌6. Seth W. Brown (R) ▌7. Walter L. Weaver (R) ▌8. Archibald Lybrand (R) ▌9. James H. Southard (R) ▌10. Stephen Morgan (R) ▌11. Charles H. Grosvenor (R) ▌12. John J. Lentz (D) ▌13. James A. Norton (D) ▌14. Winfield S. Kerr (R) ▌15. Henry C. Van Voorhis (R) ▌16. Lorenzo Danford (R), until June 19, 1899 ▌John J. Gill (R), from December 4, 1899 ▌17. John A. McDowell (D) ▌18. Robert W. Tayler (R) ▌19. Charles W. F. Dick (R) ▌20. Fremont O. Phillips (R) ▌21. Theodore E. Burton (R) Oregon ▌1. Thomas H. Tongue (R) ▌2. Malcolm A. Moody (R) Pennsylvania ▌1. Henry H. Bingham (R) ▌2. Robert Adams Jr. (R) ▌3. William McAleer (D) ▌4. James R. Young (R) ▌5. Alfred C. Harmer (R), until March 6, 1900 ▌Edward D. Morrell (R), from November 6, 1900 ▌6. Thomas S. Butler (R) ▌7. Irving P. Wanger (R) ▌8. Laird H. Barber (D) ▌9. Daniel Ermentrout (D), until September 17, 1899 ▌Henry D. Green (D), from November 7, 1899 ▌10. Marriott Brosius (R) ▌11. William Connell (R) ▌12. Stanley W. Davenport (D) ▌13. James W. Ryan (D) ▌14. Marlin E. Olmsted (R) ▌15. Charles F. Wright (R) ▌16. Horace B. Packer (R) ▌17. Rufus K. Polk (D) ▌18. Thaddeus M. Mahon (R) ▌19. Edward D. Ziegler (D) ▌20. Joseph E. Thropp (R) ▌21. Summers M. Jack (R) ▌22. John Dalzell (R) ▌23. William H. Graham (R) ▌24. Ernest F. Acheson (R) ▌25. Joseph B. Showalter (R) ▌26. Athelston Gaston (D) ▌27. Joseph C. Sibley (D) ▌28. James K. P. Hall (D) ▌At-large. Samuel A. Davenport (R) ▌At-large. Galusha A. Grow (R) Rhode Island ▌1. Melville Bull (R) ▌2. Adin B. Capron (R) South Carolina ▌1. William Elliott (D) ▌2. William J. Talbert (D) ▌3. Asbury C. Latimer (D) ▌4. Stanyarne Wilson (D) ▌5. David E. Finley (D) ▌6. James Norton (D) ▌7. J. William Stokes (D) South Dakota ▌At-large. Charles H. Burke (R) ▌At-large. Robert J. Gamble (R) Tennessee ▌1. Walter P. Brownlow (R) ▌2. Henry R. Gibson (R) ▌3. John A. Moon (D) ▌4. Charles E. Snodgrass (D) ▌5. James D. Richardson (D) ▌6. John W. Gaines (D) ▌7. Nicholas N. Cox (D) ▌8. Thetus W. Sims (D) ▌9. Rice A. Pierce (D) ▌10. Edward W. Carmack (D) Texas ▌1. Thomas H. Ball (D) ▌2. Samuel B. Cooper (D) ▌3. Reese C. De Graffenreid (D) ▌4. John L. Sheppard (D) ▌5. Joseph W. Bailey (D) ▌6. Robert E. Burke (D) ▌7. Robert L. Henry (D) ▌8. Samuel W. T. Lanham (D) ▌9. Albert S. Burleson (D) ▌10. Robert B. Hawley (R) ▌11. Rudolph Kleberg (D) ▌12. James L. Slayden (D) ▌13. John H. Stephens (D) Utah ▌At-large. William H. King (D), from April 2, 1900 Vermont ▌1. H. Henry Powers (R) ▌2. William W. Grout (R) Virginia ▌1. William A. Jones (D) ▌2. William A. Young (D), until March 12, 1900 ▌Richard A. Wise (R), March 12, 1900 – December 21, 1900 ▌3. John Lamb (D) ▌4. Sydney P. Epes (D), until March 3, 1900 ▌Francis R. Lassiter (D), from April 19, 1900 ▌5. Claude A. Swanson (D) ▌6. Peter J. Otey (D) ▌7. James Hay (D) ▌8. John F. Rixey (D) ▌9. William F. Rhea (D) ▌10. Julian M. Quarles (D) Washington ▌At-large. Francis W. Cushman (R) ▌At-large. Wesley L. Jones (R) West Virginia ▌1. Blackburn B. Dovener (R) ▌2. Alston G. Dayton (R) ▌3. David Emmons Johnston (D) ▌4. Romeo H. Freer (R) Wisconsin ▌1. Henry Allen Cooper (R) ▌2. Herman B. Dahle (R) ▌3. Joseph W. Babcock (R) ▌4. Theobald Otjen (R) ▌5. Samuel S. Barney (R) ▌6. James H. Davidson (R) ▌7. John J. Esch (R) ▌8. Edward S. Minor (R) ▌9. Alexander Stewart (R) ▌10. John J. Jenkins (R) Wyoming ▌At-large. Frank W. Mondell (R) Non-voting members ▌Arizona Territory. John F. Wilson (D) ▌Hawaii Territory. Robert W. Wilcox (Home Rule), from November 6, 1900 ▌New Mexico Territory. Pedro Perea (R) ▌Oklahoma Territory. Dennis T. Flynn (R)House seats by party holding plurality in state 80+% to 100% Democratic 80+% to 100% Republican 60+% to 80% Democratic 60+% to 80% Republican Up to 60% Democratic Up to 60% Republican
80+% to 100% Democratic80+% to 100% Republican
60+% to 80% Democratic60+% to 80% Republican
Up to 60% DemocraticUp to 60% Republican

Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate

  • Replacements: 7 Democratic: no net change Republican: 1 seat loss Populist: 1 seat gain
  • Deaths: 3
  • Resignations: 1
  • Vacancies: 5
  • Interim appointments: 2
  • Total seats with changes: 9
State (class)Vacated byReason for vacancySubsequentDate of successor's installation
Delaware (1)VacantSenator George Gray's (D) term had expired at the end of previous Congress having failed to get re-elected. Legislature failed to elect Senator for this Congress, seat remained vacant for the entire Congress.Seat remained vacant until next Congress.
Nebraska (1)VacantLegislature failed to elect to fill vacancy in term.Monroe Hayward (R)March 8, 1899
California (1)VacantLegislature failed to elect to fill vacancy in term.Thomas R. Bard (R)February 7, 1900
Florida (1)Samuel Pasco (D)Successor was elected April 18, 1899.James Taliaferro (D)April 20, 1899
Nebraska (1)Monroe Hayward (R)Died December 5, 1899. Successor was appointed.William V. Allen (Pop.)December 13, 1899
Montana (1)William A. Clark (D)Resigned May 15, 1900, over claim of election fraud. Seat remained vacant until the next Congress.Vacant
Iowa (2)John H. Gear (R)Died July 14, 1900. Successor was appointed and subsequently elected.Jonathan P. Dolliver (R)August 22, 1900
Vermont (3)Jonathan Ross (R)Successor was elected October 18, 1900.William P. Dillingham (R)October 18, 1900
Minnesota (1)Cushman K. Davis (R)Died November 27, 1900. Successor was appointed.Charles A. Towne (D)December 5, 1900
Pennsylvania (1)VacantDue to a failure to elect, Governor appointed Quay at beginning of term, but Senate refused to seat him. He then won a special election.Matthew Quay (R)January 16, 1901
Minnesota (1)Charles A. Towne (D)Successor was elected January 23, 1901.Moses E. Clapp (R)January 28, 1901
Utah (1)Vacantfailure to electThomas Kearns (R)January 23, 1901

House of Representatives

  • Replacements: 21 Democratic: 5 seat loss Republican: 5 seat gain Populist: no net change
  • Deaths: 12
  • Resignations: 7
  • Contested election: 3
  • New seats: 1
  • Total seats with changes: 26
DistrictPreviousReason for changeSubsequentDate of successor's installation
Maine 2ndVacantRep. Nelson Dingley Jr. died during previous congressCharles E. Littlefield (R)June 19, 1899
Utah At-largeVacantB. H. Roberts was denied seat. King was elected to finish term.William H. King (D)June 19, 1899
New York 34thVacantRep. Warren B. Hooker resigned during previous congressEdward B. Vreeland (R)November 7, 1899
Nebraska 6thWilliam L. Greene (Pop.)Died March 11, 1899.William Neville (Pop.)December 4, 1899
Louisiana 5thSamuel T. Baird (D)Died April 22, 1899.Joseph E. Ransdell (D)August 29, 1899
Missouri 8thRichard P. Bland (D)Died June 15, 1899.Dorsey W. Shackleford (D)August 29, 1899
Ohio 16thLorenzo Danford (R)Died June 19, 1899Joseph J. Gill (R)December 4, 1899
Maine 1stThomas B. Reed (R)Resigned September 4, 1899.Amos L. Allen (R)November 6, 1899
Pennsylvania 9thDaniel Ermentrout (D)Died September 17, 1899.Henry D. Green (D)November 7, 1899
Kentucky 7thEvan E. Settle (D)Died November 16, 1899.June Ward Gayle (D)January 15, 1900
Maryland 1stJohn W. Smith (D)Resigned January 12, 1900, after being elected Governor of MarylandJosiah Kerr (R)November 6, 1900
New York 24thCharles A. Chickering (R)Died February 13, 1900Albert D. Shaw (R)November 6, 1900
Virginia 4thSidney P. Epes (D)Died March 3, 1900.Francis R. Lassiter (D)April 9, 1900
Pennsylvania 5thAlfred C. Harmer (R)Died March 6, 1900Edward Morrell (R)November 6, 1900
Alabama 4thGaston A. Robbins (D)Lost contested election March 8, 1900William F. Aldrich (R)March 8, 1900
Virginia 2ndWilliam A. Young (D)Lost contested election March 12, 1900Richard A. Wise (R)March 12, 1900
Alabama 8thJoseph Wheeler (D)Resigned April 20, 1900.William N. Richardson (D)December 3, 1900
North Carolina 9thWilliam T. Crawford (D)Lost contested election May 10, 1900Richmond Pearson (R)May 10, 1900
Iowa 9thSmith McPherson (R)Resigned June 6, 1900, after being appointed judge for the United States District Court for the Southern District of IowaWalter I. Smith (R)December 3, 1900
Delaware At-largeJohn H. Hoffecker (R)Died June 16, 1900Walter O. Hoffecker (R)November 6, 1900
New Jersey 7thWilliam D. Daly (D)Died July 31, 1900.Allan L. McDermott (D)December 3, 1900
California 2ndMarion De Vries (D)Resigned August 20, 1900, after being appointed to the Board of General AppraisersSamuel D. Woods (R)December 3, 1900
Iowa 10thJonathan P. Dolliver (R)Resigned August 22, 1900, after being appointed to the U.S. SenateJames P. Conner (R)December 4, 1900
Hawaii TerritoryNew seatSeat established by the Hawaiian Organic Act April 30, 1900Robert W. Wilcox (Home Rule)November 6, 1900
Virginia 2ndRichard A. Wise (R)Died December 21, 1900Seat remained vacant until next Congress
New Hampshire 2ndFrank G. Clarke (R)Died January 9, 1901Seat remained vacant until next Congress
New York 24thAlbert D. Shaw (R)Died February 10, 1901Seat remained vacant until next Congress
Maine 4thCharles A. Boutelle (R)Resigned March 3, 1901Seat remained vacant until next Congress

Committees

Lists of committees and their party leaders for members of the House and Senate committees can be found through the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of this article. The directory after the pages of terms of service lists committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and, after that, House/Senate committee assignments. On the committees section of the House and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.

Senate

House of Representatives

Joint committees

Caucuses

Employees

Legislative branch agency directors

Senate

House of Representatives

See also

  • Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
  • Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.

External links

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