Alvania is a genus of minute sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the family Rissoidae.

They form a very diversified group within the Rissoidae family.

Description

Alvania as currently used may not be monophyletic.

The genus Alvinia has been synonymized with Alvania, until a consistent phylogenetic scheme emerges for the whole group. As of 2012[update], is sometimes considered a separate genus.

The genus Alvania comprises species with small shells with heights measuring between 1 mm and 7 mm. Their general shape is ovate-conical, reticulated with axial and spirals elements. They have a continuous peristome. Their coloration is variable.

Some species such as Alvania sculptilis have been named twice with the second naming becoming a junior secondary homonym. However, the genus Alvania as currently used has a very broad taxonomic extension, and these species may very well end up in different genera when a robust phylogeny becomes available.

Distribution

These marine species can be found worldwide (except in the antarctic and subantarctic regions). They can be found from intertidal depths to abyssal depths.

Species

Species within the genus Alvania include:

Taxon inquirendum

  • † Alvania rugosula Aradas, 1847
  • Alvania scitula A. Adams, 1861
  • Alvania semicostata A. Adams, 1861 (unassessed, use in recent literature not established by editor)
  • Alvania subcancellata G. B. Sowerby III, 1894
  • † Alvania sulzeriana Risso, 1826

Synonyms

  • Alvania aberrans (C. B. Adams, 1850): synonym of Stosicia aberrans (C. B. Adams, 1850)
  • Alvania abyssicola (Forbes, 1850): synonym of Alvania testae (Aradas & Maggiore, 1844) (junior synonym )
  • Alvania acutilirata (P. P. Carpenter, 1864): synonym of Alvania compacta (P. P. Carpenter, 1864)
  • Alvania acuticostata (Dall, 1889): synonym of Benthonellania acuticostata (Dall, 1889)
  • Alvania alaskana Dall, 1886: synonym of Onoba alaskana (Dall, 1886)
  • Alvania albella S. V. Wood, 1842: synonym of Alvania ascaris (W. Turton, 1819) synonym of Aclis ascaris (W. Turton, 1819) (junior subjective synonym)
  • Alvania albolirata (Carpenter, 1864): synonym of Lirobarleeia albolirata (Carpenter, 1864) (Does not belong to the genus Alvania)
  • Alvania alfredensis Bartsch, 1915: synonym of Onoba alfredensis (Bartsch, 1915): synonym of Subestea alfredensis (Bartsch, 1915) (original combination)
  • Alvania almo Bartsch, 1915: synonym of Alvania winslowae Bartsch, 1928 synonym of Cingula winslowae (Bartsch, 1928) (junior primary homonym of Alvania almo Bartsch, 1911)
  • Alvania altenai van Aartsen, Menkhorst & Gittenberger, 1984: synonym of Alvania tomentosa (Pallary, 1920)
  • † Alvania andraldensis Lozouet, 1998: synonym of † Simulamerelina andraldensis (Lozouet, 1998) (superseded combination)
  • Alvania bakeri Bartsch, 1910: synonym of Onoba bakeri (Bartsch, 1910) (original combination)
  • Alvania bartolomensis Bartsch, 1917: synonym of Lirobarleeia kelseyi (Dall & Bartsch, 1902)
  • Alvania basteriae (Moolenbeek & Faber, 1986): synonym of Crisilla basteriae (Moolenbeek & Faber, 1986)
  • † Alvania boucheti Lozouet, 1998: synonym of † Simulamerelina boucheti (Lozouet, 1998) (superseded combination)
  • Alvania brocchii Weinkauff, 1868: synonym of Alvania reticulata (Montagu, 1803): synonym of Alvania beanii (Hanley, 1844)
  • Alvania californica Bartsch, 1911: synonym of Alvania trachisma Bartsch, 1911
  • Alvania carpenteri (Weinkauff, 1885): synonym of Onoba carpenteri (Weinkauff, 1885)
  • Alvania chiriquiensis Olsson & McGinty, 1958: synonym of Lirobarleeia chiriquiensis (Olsson & McGinty, 1958)
  • Alvania cingulata (Philippi, 1836): synonym of Alvania mamillata Risso, 1826
  • Alvania clarionensis Bartsch, 1911: synonym of Lirobarleeia clarionensis (Bartsch, 1911) (original combination)
  • Alvania colombiana Romer & Moore, 1988: synonym of Benthonellania colombiana (Romer & D. R. Moore, 1988) (original combination)
  • Alvania consociella Monterosato, 1884: synonym of Alvania lanciae (Calcara, 1845)
  • Alvania corayi Ladd, 1966: synonym of Clatrosansonia corayi (Ladd, 1966) (superseded combination)
  • Alvania costulosa Risso, 1826: synonym of Alvania lineata Risso, 1826
  • Alvania crassicostata Risso, 1826: synonym of Alvania discors (T. Brown, 1818)
  • Alvania deliciosa (Jeffreys, 1884): synonym of Alvania electa (Monterosato, 1874)
  • Alvania effusa P. P. Carpenter, 1857: synonym of Alabina effusa (P. P. Carpenter, 1857) (original combination)
  • Alvania electrina (P. P. Carpenter, 1864): synonym of Lirobarleeia electrina (P. P. Carpenter, 1864)
  • Alvania europea Risso, 1826: synonym of Alvania cimex (Linnaeus, 1758) (type by subsequent designation)
  • Alvania excurvata Carpenter, 1857: synonym of Alabina excurvata (P. P. Carpenter, 1857) (original combination)
  • † Alvania falsimerelina Lozouet, 1998: synonym of † Simulamerelina falsimerelina (Lozouet, 1998) (superseded combination)
  • Alvania ferruginea A. Adams, 1861: synonym of Simulamerelina ferruginea (A. Adams, 1861)
  • Alvania filosa P. P. Carpenter, 1864: synonym of Alvania compacta (P. P. Carpenter, 1864)
  • Alvania firma (Laseron, 1956): synonym of Haurakia novarensis (Frauenfeld, 1867)
  • Alvania formosita (Laseron, 1956): synonym of Haurakia novarensis (Frauenfeld, 1867)
  • Alvania fossilis Bartsch, 1911: synonym of Alvania compacta (P. P. Carpenter, 1864)
  • Alvania freminvillea Risso, 1826: synonym of Alvania cimex (Linnaeus, 1758)
  • Alvania fusca Gould, 1861: synonym of Rissoina media Schwartz von Mohrenstern, 1860: synonym of Phosinella media (Schwartz von Mohrenstern, 1860) (junior subjective synonym)
  • Alvania gagliniae Amati, 1985: synonym of Crisilla gagliniae (Amati, 1985)
  • Alvania galapagensis Bartsch, 1911: synonym of Lirobarleeia galapagensis (Bartsch, 1911) (original combination)
  • Alvania gradata (d'Orbigny, 1842): synonym of Lirobarleeia gradata (d'Orbigny, 1842)
  • Alvania granti Strong, 1938: synonym of Lirobarleeia granti (Strong, 1938)
  • † Alvania granulosculpta (L. Seguenza, 1903): synonym of † Alvania litoralis (F. Nordsieck, 1972) (dubious synonym)
  • Alvania guesti Faber & Moolenbeek, 1987: synonym of Simulamerelina guesti (Faber & Moolenbeek, 1987)
  • Alvania herrerae Baker, Hanna & Strong, 1930: synonym of Lirobarleeia herrerae (Baker, Hanna & Strong, 1930)
  • Alvania hoodensis Bartsch, 1911: synonym of Lirobarleeia hoodensis (Bartsch, 1911) (original combination)
  • † Alvania hortensis Lozouet, 1998: synonym of † Simulamerelina hortensis (Lozouet, 1998) (superseded combination)
  • Alvania iliuliukensis Bartsch, 1911: synonym of Alvania compacta (P. P. Carpenter, 1864)
  • Alvania lara Bartsch, 1911: synonym of Lirobarleeia lara (Bartsch, 1911)
  • Alvania latior (Mighels & Adams, 1842): synonym of Setia latior (Mighels & C. B. Adams, 1842)
  • Alvania lucasana Baker, Hanna & Strong, 1930: synonym of Lirobarleeia electrina (Carpenter, 1864)
  • Alvania minuta (Golikov & Fedjakov in Scarlato, 1987): synonym of Punctulum minutum Golikov & Fedjakov, 1987
  • Alvania montagui (Payraudeau, 1826): synonym of Alvania discors (T. Brown, 1818)
  • Alvania montereyensis Bartsch, 1911: synonym of Onoba carpenteri (Weinkauff, 1885)
  • Alvania novarensis Frauenfeld, 1867: synonym of Haurakia novarensis (Frauenfeld, 1867)
  • Alvania obliqua Warén, 1974: synonym of Onoba obliqua (Warén, 1974)
  • Alvania olivacea Frauenfeld, 1867: synonym of Pisinna olivacea (Frauenfeld, 1867)
  • Alvania pedroana Bartsch, 1911: synonym of Alvania compacta (P. P. Carpenter, 1864)
  • Alvania perlata Mörch, 1860: synonym of Lirobarleeia perlata (Mörch, 1860)
  • Alvania pisinna Melvill & Standen, 1896: synonym of Merelina pisinna (Melvill & Standen, 1896)
  • Alvania plicatula Risso, 1826: synonym of Rissoa membranacea (J. Adams, 1800)
  • Alvania (Crisilla) postrema Gofas, 1990 : synonym of Crisilla postrema (Gofas, 1990)
  • Alvania precipitata (Dall, 1889): synonym of Benthonellania precipitata (Dall, 1889)
  • Alvania pyramidata Risso, 1826:synonym of Alvania cimex (Linnaeus, 1758)
  • Alvania quadrasi O. Boettger, 1893: synonym of Iravadia quadrasi (O. Boettger, 1893)
  • Alvania russinoniaca Locard, 1886: synonym of Alvania carinata (da Costa, 1778)
  • Alvania sardea Risso, 1826: synonym of Alvania discors (T. Brown, 1818) (dubious synonym)
  • Alvania semistriata (Montagu, 1808): synonym of Crisilla semistriata (Montagu, 1808)
  • Alvania simulans Locard, 1886: synonym of Crisilla simulans (Locard, 1886)
  • Alvania supranitida S.V. Wood, 1842: synonym of Aclis minor (Brown, 1827)
  • † Alvania tiberiana (Coppi, 1876): synonym of † Galeodinopsis tiberiana (Coppi, 1876)
  • Alvania trajectus (Watson, 1886): synonym of Haurakia novarensis (Frauenfeld, 1867)
  • Alvania whitechurchi W. H. Turton, 1932: synonym of Cingula whitechurchi (W. H. Turton, 1932)
  • Alvania wyvillethomsoni (Friele, 1877): synonym of Punctulum wyvillethomsoni (Friele, 1877)
  • Crosse H. (1885). Nomenclatura generica e specifica di alcune conchiglie mediterranee, pel Marchese di Monterosato [book review]. Journal de Conchyliologie 33: 139-142
  • Vaught, K.C. (1989). A classification of the living Mollusca. American Malacologists: Melbourne, FL (USA). ISBN 0-915826-22-4. XII, 195 pp.
  • Gofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). Mollusca, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 180–213

External links

Media related to Alvania at Wikimedia Commons