The Amisan Formation (Korean: 아미산층; Hanja: 峨嵋山層) is an Late Triassic geologic formation in Boryeong, South Korea. Fossil records from this formation include plants, insects, and fish remains.

Geology

The Amisan Formation in the Chungnam Basin overlies the Hajo Formation and underlies the Jogyeri Formation. It is subdivided into five zones based on its lithology, lower sandstone, lower shale, middle sandstone, middle shale, and upper sandstone zones. Depositional environments of the lower and middle shale zones of the Amisan Formation are thought to be lacustrine settings.

The depositional age of the Nampo Group including the Amisan Formation is debated, but plant genera Lobatannularia from the Amisan Formation, and Sphenophyllum from the Baegunsa Formation, which overlies the Amisan Formation and the Jogyeri Formation suggests that the Upper Triassic spans to the Baegunsa Formation. Also, conchostracan fossils and some insect fossils support the Triassic origin of the Amisan Formation.

Fossil content

Most of the fossils from the Amisan Formation are from the lower shale zone and the middle shale zone.

Flora

Flora of the Amisan Formation
GenusSpeciesRegionMemberMaterialNotesImage
TaeniopterisT. eurychoron T. mungyeongensis

Ferns

Ferns of the Amisan Formation
GenusSpeciesRegionMemberMaterialNotesImage
NeocalamitesN. carrerei
CladophlebisC. nebbensis
LobatannulariaL. sp.
ChiropterisC.sp.
EquisetitesE. kimi E. gaehwariensis E. deltodon

Bennettitales

Bennettitales of the Amisan Formation
GenusSpeciesRegionMemberMaterialNotesImage
AnomozamitesA. baegunsaensis
PterophyllumP. seongjuriense P. daecheonense
WeltrichiaW.sp.

Gymnosperms

Gymnosperms of the Amisan Formation
GenusSpeciesRegionMemberMaterialNotesImage
PodozamitesP. lanceolatus P. var. genuinea P. schenki P. nampoensis
AnthrophyopsisA.sp.
DrepanozamitesD.sp.
BaieraB.cf. furcata
CycadocarpidiumC.sp.
CtenozamitesC. meogbangensis
LeptostrobusL. myeongamensis

Bivalves

Bivalves of the Amisan Formation
GenusSpeciesRegionMemberMaterialNotesImage
MargaritiferaM. cf. isfarensis

Conchostracans

Conchostracans of the Amisan Formation
GenusSpeciesRegionMemberMaterialNotesImage
EuestheriaE. kawasakii E. shimamurai
CyclestherioidesC. rampoensis
SphaerestheriaS. koreanica

Insects

Insects of the Amisan Formation
GenusSpeciesRegionMemberMaterialNotesImage
TurbidapsycheT. dobrokhotovaeA mesopsychid scorpionfly; originally assigned to the genus Mesopsyche.
SiberioperlidaeIndeterminateStoneflies.
PlatyperlaP. sp.
BaleyopterygidaeIndeterminate
HallakkungisH. amisanusA palaeontinid.
TennentsiaT. koreanaA cicadomorph.
SanmaiS?. zetavenaA tettigarctid.
MagnatitanM. jongheoniA titanopteran.
KoreaphlebiaK. iussradiaeA triadophlebiomorph odonatopteran.
KoreatriassothemisK. elongatusA parazygopteran odonatopteran.
?IsophlebiopteraIndeterminateA possible Isophlebioptern nymph. Referred as 'Samarura-type' in paper.
ShurabiaS. taewaniA Geinitziid polyneopteran.

Vertebrates

Vertebrates of the Amisan Formation
GenusSpeciesRegionMemberMaterialNotesImage
HiascoactinusH. boryeongensisA redfieldiiform actinopterygian.
MegalomatiaM. minimaA basal actinopterygian.