Arothron is a genus of pufferfish that belongs to the family Tetraodontidae. These species are sometimes kept in aquaria.

The oldest described specimens of this genus are dated to the early Pleistocene epoch around 1.95-1.35 million years ago. They were uncovered in the Liuchungchi Formation in southern Taiwan. They are semi-articulated specimens with nearly complete skulls that show characteristic beak-like jaws.

Distribution

They have a wide range of distribution being found in warm parts of the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Ocean.

Description

The largest species is A. stellatus, which can reach 1.2 m (3.9 ft) in length. They are easily distinguishable from other genera of pufferfish through several characteristics. The first is a single lateral line on the sides of their bodies. Their nostrils have the appearance of an upraised cup with two fleshy flaps. They are easily visible to the naked eye.

Species

There are currently 14 recognized species in this genus:

Synonyms

  • Arothron aerostaticus (Jenyns, 1842) valid as Arothron stellatus
  • Arothron gillbanksii (Clarke, 1897) valid as Arothron firmamentum
  • Arothron leopardus (Day, 1878) valid as Chelonodon leopardus
  • Arothron perspicillaris (Rüppell, 1829) valid as Arothron hispidus