This is a list of defunct automobile manufacturers of the United States. They were discontinued for various reasons, such as bankruptcy of the parent company, mergers, or being phased out.

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A

Auburn Motor Chassis (1912–1915)

B

C

Coey (1915)
  • C-A-C (1914–1915)
  • Cady Automobile Company (1899)
  • California (1900–1902, 1910)
  • Caloric (1903–1904)
  • Camelot Motors (1981)
  • Cameron (1903–1920)
  • Campbell (1918–1919)
  • Canda (1900–1902)
  • Cannon (1902–1906)
  • Canoo (2017–2025)
  • Cantono Electric (1904–1907)
  • Car de Luxe (1906–1910)
  • Carbon Motors Corporation (2003–2013)
  • Cardway (1923–1924)
  • Carhart (1871)
  • Carhartt Automobile Company (1910–1912)
  • Carlson (1904)
  • Carrol[when?]
  • Carroll (1908) Distinct from Carrol
  • Carroll Six (1921–1922)
  • Carter Twin-Engine (1907–1908)
  • Cartercar (1905–1916)
  • Carthage (1914–1915)
  • Case (1911–1927) Based in Wisconsin
  • C.B (1917–1918)
  • Ceco (1914–1915) Based in Chicago
  • Centaur (1902–1903)
  • Central (1905–1906)
  • Century (1900–1903) 'Tourist' model
  • Century Motor Company (1911–1915) Renamed to 'Century Electric Car Company' in 1915
  • Century Steamer (1906)
  • Chadwick Engineering Works (1904–1916, 1960)
  • Chalfant (1905–1912)
  • Chalmers-Detroit (1908–1914) Renamed to Chalmers in 1911
  • Champion (1916)
  • Chandler (1913–1929)
  • Chapman Electric (1899–1901)
  • Charles Abresch Company (1899–circa 1965)
  • Chase (1907–1912)
  • Checker Motors Corporation (1922–1982)
  • Chelsea (1914)
  • Chicago (1902)
  • Chicago Electric (1899–1901)
  • Chicago Motor Buggy (1908)
  • Chicago Recording Scale Co (1906–1907) Apollo model
  • Chicago Steam Car (1905–1907)
  • Chief (1908)
  • Christie (1904–1910)
  • Christman (1901–1905, 1907)
  • Church-Field (1912–1913)
  • Church Manufacturing Co (1903–1904) Lenawee model
  • Cincinnati Steamer (1903–1904)
  • CinO (1910–1913)
  • Citicar (1974–1976)
  • Clark (1901)
  • Clark Electric (1903–1905)
  • Clark & Company (1903–1904) Clarkmobile model
  • Classic (1916–1917, 1920)
  • Cleburne[when?]
  • Clénet Coachworks (1975–1980)
  • Clermont[when?]
  • Cleveland (1902–1904) Built in Cleveland
  • Cleveland (1905–1909)
  • Cleveland (1914)
  • Cleveland (1919–1926)
  • Climber (1919–1924)
  • Clinton E. Woods Electric (1897–1901)
  • Clipper (1956)
  • Clough Steamer (1869)
  • Cloughley (1896–1903)
  • Club Car (1910–1911)
  • Clyde Special[when?]
  • Clymer (1908) Based in Missouri
  • Coates-Goshen (1908–1910)
  • Coats Steam Car (1921–1923)
  • Coda (2009–2013)
  • Coey-Mitchell Automobile Company (1901-1902) + (1913–1917)
  • Coggswell (1910–1911)
  • Colburn (1906–1911) Based in Denver
  • ColbyDenver (1911–1914)
  • Cole Motor Car Company (1909–1925) Based in Indianapolis
  • Colonial Motors Corporation (1921–1922)
  • Colonial Electric Car Company (1912)
  • Colt (1907) Based in New York
  • Columbia (1897–1913)
  • Columbian Electric[when?]
  • Columbia Motors (1916–1924)
  • Columbian Electric (1914–1917) Distinct from 'Columbia Electric'
  • Columbus Buggy Company (1907–1908)
  • Columbus Electric (1903–1915) Based in Ohio
  • Comet (1917–1922) Based in Illinois
  • Comet (1946–1951)
  • Commerce (1907–1908)
  • Commercial Motor Truck Company[when?] Based in Ohio
  • Commodore Motors Corporation (1921–1922)
  • Commonwealth (1917–1922)
  • Commuter Cars (1998)
  • Comuta-Car (1979–1982) (See its predecessor, the Citicar)
  • Conrad (1900–1903)
  • Continental (1907–1908)
  • Continental (1914) Based in Minneapolis and Chicago
  • Continental (1933–1934)
  • Continental (1956–1957)
  • Corbin (1904–1912)
  • Corbin (1999–2003)
  • Corbitt (1907–1914)
  • Cord (1929–1932,1936–1937)
  • Corinthian (1922–1923)
  • Cornelian (1914–1915)
  • Cornish-Friedberg[when?]
  • Cornish-Friedberg Motor Car Co (1907–1909)
  • Correja (1909–1914)
  • Corwin (1905–1906) Gas-au-lec model
  • Cosmopolitan (1907–1910) Distinct from the Nash Cosmopolitan
  • Cotta Steam (1901–1903)
  • Country Club (1903–1904)
  • Courier (1904–1905)
  • Courier (1909–1911)
  • Courier Car Co (1912) 'Clermont' model
  • Covert (1902–1907)
  • Coyote Special (1909–1910)
  • C.R. Patterson and Sons (1915–1939), maker of the Patterson-Greenfield automobile and later buses and trucks.
  • Craig-Toledo (1907)
  • Crane (1912–1920) Renamed to Crane-Simplex in 1915
  • Crane & Breed (1912–1917)
  • Crawford (1904–1923)
  • Crescent (1913–1914)
  • Crestmobile (1901–1905)
  • Cricket Cyclecar Company (1913–1914)
  • Criterion[when?]
  • Crompton (1902–1905)
  • Crosley (1939–1952)
  • Crouch (1894–1900)
  • Crow-Elkhart (1911–1923)
  • Crowdus Electric (1899–1902)
  • Crown (1905–1907)
  • Crowther (1915–1917) Renamed to 'Crowther-Duryea' in 1917
  • Croxton-Keeton (1909–1914) Renamed to 'Croxton' in 1911
  • Cruiser (1917–1919)
  • Culver (1905)
  • Cunningham (1907–1936)
  • Cunningham Sports Cars (1951–1955)
  • Clark-Carter Automobile Co (1909–1913) Renamed to Cutting Motor Car Company in 1911; defunct c. 1912; last model year 1913.
  • C.V.I. Motor Car Co (1907–1908)

D

Dayton Cyclecar Model A (1914)
Dey Electric (1917–1919)

E

Eagle Cycle Car advertisement (1915)
Eagle Cycle Car advertisement rotary engine (1915)
  • Eagle (1905–1909)
  • Eagle (1988–1998)
  • Eagle Cycle Car (1914–1918)
  • Eagle Electric (1915–1916)
  • Eagle Rotary (1914–1915; Eagle-Macomber 1916–1918)
  • Earl Motors Incorporated (1907–1908)
  • Earl (1921–1923)
  • Eastman (1898–1900)
  • Eastman (1901–1902)
  • Eaton Electric (1898–1900)
  • Eck[when?]
  • Eclipse Steam (1900–1903)
  • Economy (1916–1919; Economy-Vogue 1920; Vogue 1921–1922)
  • Eddy Electric (1900–1901)
  • Edsel (1958–1960)
  • Edwards-Knight (1912–1913)
  • Edwards (1954–1955)
  • E.H.V. (see Compound)
  • Eichstaedt (1898–1902)
  • Eisenhuth (1904–1908) 'Compound' model
  • Elberg
  • Elberon (Columbia model)
  • Elbert (1914–1915)
  • Elcar (1915–1931)
  • Elco (1915–1917)
  • Eldredge (1903–1906)
  • Electra (1914–1915)
  • Electric Vehicle (1897–1907)
  • Electronomic
  • Elgin (1916–1924)
  • Elite[when?]
  • Elite (1901–1902)
  • Elkhart (see Crow-Elkhart or Komet)
  • Elliott (1897–1899)
  • Ellis
  • Ellsworth (1907)
  • Elmore (1893–1912)
  • El Morocco (1956–1957)
  • Emancipator (1909)
  • Emerson (1917)
  • E-M-F (1909–1912) 'Wayne' model
  • Empire (1901–1902)
  • Empire (1910–1919)
  • Empire Steam Car (1925–1927)
  • Empire Steamer (1899–1902)
  • Empire Steamer (1904)
  • Endurance Steam Car (1922–1924)
  • Enger (1909–1917)
  • Engler (W.B.) Cyclecar Company (1914–1915)
  • Entz (1914)
  • Erie (1899–1902)
  • Erskine (1927–1930)
  • Eshelman (1953–1961)
  • Essex (1906)
  • Essex Motor Company (1919–1932)
  • Etnyre (1910–1911)
  • Euclid (1908)
  • Eureka (1900)
  • Eureka (1907–1909)
  • Evansville
  • Everitt (1909–1912)
  • Everybody's (1907–1909)
  • Ewing (1908–1910)
  • Excalibur (1965–1997)
  • Excel (1914)

F

  • Fageol (1900, 1917)
  • Fal-Car (1909–1914) Also known as F.A.L.
  • Falcon Engineering Company (1907–1909) Unrelated to Ford Falcon
  • Falcon-Knight (1927–1929)
  • Famous (1908–1909)
  • Fanning (1901–1903)
  • Farmack (1915–1916)
  • Farner (1922–1923)
  • Faulkner-Blanchard (1910)
  • Federal (1907–1909)
  • Federal Steam (1901–1902)
  • Fenton (1913–1914) Unrelated to Fenton Headers
  • Ferris (1920–1922)
  • Fey Touring (1897–1906)
  • Fiberfab (1964–1983)
  • Fidelia (1913–1914)
  • Field (1886, 1905)
  • Fina-Sport (1953–1954)
  • Firestone-Columbus (1909–1915)
  • Fischer-Detroit (1914)
  • Fisher (1901–1905)
  • Fisker Automotive (2007–2014)
  • Fisker Inc. (2016–2024)
  • Flagler (1914) Based in Michigan
  • Flanders 20 (1910–1912)
  • Flanders Manufacturing Company (1912–1914)
  • Flanders (1913) 'Flanders Six' model
  • Flexbi (1904)
  • Flint (1923–1927)
  • Flyer Motor Car Company (1913–1914)
  • Forest (1905–1906) Organized in Boston.
  • Forest City (1905) Manufactured as the Jewell beginning in 1906. Organized in Cleveland, Ohio, & named for the city nickname.
  • Forsyth (circa 1896) Franklin, Minnesota; only a prototype built.
  • Forth (1905) New York company, one of two of the same name, organized by Clarence Forth. No cars built.
  • Forth (1910–1911) Mansfield, Ohio, company, one of two of the same name, organized by Clarence Forth. Only one prototype car assembled; went bankrupt late 1911.
  • Fort Pitt (1908–1910, 1911) Organized in New Kensington, Pennsylvania; moved to Pittsburgh 1911. Always known as the Pittsburgh Six
  • Foster (1889,1901–1904)
  • Fostoria (1906–1907)
  • Fournier-Searchmont
  • Fox (1921–1923)
  • Franklin (1902–1934)
  • Frayer-Miller (1904–1910)
  • Frazer (1946–1951)
  • Frederickson (1914)
  • Fredonia (1902–1904)
  • Fremont (1920–1922)
  • Friedman Automobile Company (1900–1903)
  • Friend Motors Corporation (1920–1921)
  • Fritchle Electric (1905–1920)
  • Frontenac (1906–1913)
  • Frontenac Motor Corporation (1921–1925)
  • Frontmobile (1917–1918)
  • F.R.P. (1914–1916)
  • F.S. (1911–1912)
  • Fuller (1908–1910)
  • F.W.D. (1910–1912) Based in Wisconsin

G

H

I

Imperial Motor Car Company Roadster (1908)
International Cyclecar Company Woods Mobilette (1915)
  • Ideal Electric Co. (1909-c1911)
  • Illinois Electric (1897–1901)
  • Imp (1913–1914)
  • Imperial Motor Car Company (1907–1908)
  • Imperial Automobile Company (1908–1916)
  • Imperial (1955–1975, 1981–1983)
  • Imperial Electric (1903–1904)
  • Independent Harvester (1910–1911)
  • Indiana (1901)
  • Indianapolis (see Black)
  • International (1899) (see Strathmore)
  • International (1899)
  • International (1900)
  • International Cyclecar Company (1914) 'Economy' model
  • International Motor Cars (Apollo; 1962–1964)
  • International Power Company (1900)
  • International (1901–1903)
  • International Cyclecar Company (1914)
  • International Harvester (1907–1980)
  • Inter-State (1909–1919)
  • Iroquois (1903–1907)

J

K

L

M

Motor Buggy Co. (1908–1911)

N

Nance advertisement (1912)

O

P

Q

R

S

Spoerer advertisement (1912)

T

Trumbull Model 15 A (1915)
  • Tarkington (1922–1923)
  • Taunton (1901–1903) Steam cars
  • Templar (1917–1924)
  • Templeton-Dubrie (1910)
  • Terraplane (1932–1939)
  • Terwilliger (1904) Empire Steamer model
  • Texan (1920–1922)
  • Thomas (1902–1919)
  • Thomas-Detroit (1906–1908)
  • Thompson (1901–1907) Steam cars
  • Thresher Electric (1900)
  • Tiffany Electric (1913–1914)
  • Tiger (1914–1915)
  • Tincher (1903–1909)
  • Tinker & Piper Steam (1899)
  • Tinkham (1898–1899)
  • Toledo (1901–1903)
  • Tonawanda[when?]
  • Torbensen (1902–1906)
  • Touraine (1912–1916)
  • Tourist (1902–1910)
  • Tractmobile (1900–1902)
  • Trask-Detroit (1922–1923)
  • Traveler (1907–1908)
  • Trebert (1907–1908)
  • Trimoto (1900–1901) Also known as Tri-Motor
  • Trinity Steamer[when?]
  • Triumph (1907–1912)
  • Trumbull (1914–1915)
  • Tucker (1946–1949)
  • Tulsa (1918–1922)
  • Twentieth Century Motor Car Corporation (1974–1978)
  • Twin City (1914)
  • Twombly (1913–1915)
  • Twyford (1899–1902, 1904–1907)

U

V

Vixen (1914-1916)
  • Van (1911–1912)
  • Van Wagoner (1899–1903)
  • Vaughn (1909)
  • V.E. (1901–1906) Also known as V.E.C. Electric
  • Vector (1971–1999, 2006–2010)
  • Velie (1908–1929)
  • Vernon (Able 8; 1918–1921)
  • Victor (1905–1911)
  • Victor Page Motors Corp (1921–1924)
  • Victor Steamer (1899–1903) Previously Overman Steam (1895–1898)
  • Victormobile (1900–1901) 'Steamer' model
  • Victory (1920–1921)
  • Viking (1907–1908)
  • Viking (1929–1931)
  • Virginian (1911–1912)
  • Vixen (1914–1916)
  • Vulcan (1913–1915)

W

Woods Mobilette Model 3 (1914)

X

Y

Z

Zip Cycle Car (1913–1914)
  • Zehr (1912–1915)
  • Zent (1900–1902, 1904–1906)
  • Zentmobile (1903)
  • Zimmer Motorcars (1978–1988)
  • Zimmerman (1908–1915)
  • Zip (1913–1914)
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See also

Notes

Sources

  • Automobile Quarterly (eds.). The American Car Since 1775. Kutztown, PA: Automobile Quarterly, Inc., 1971. ISBN 0-525-05300-X
  • Bird, Anthony and Douglas-Scott Montagu of Beaulieu, Edward: Steam Cars, 1770–1970, Littlehampton Book Services Ltd., 1971. ISBN 0-304-93707-X: ISBN 978-0-304-93707-3
  • Clymer, Floyd. Treasury of Early American Automobiles, 1877–1925. New York: Bonanza Books, 1950.
  • Clymer, Floyd and Gahagan, Harry W.: Floyd Clymer's Steam Car Scrapbook, Literary Licensing, LLC, 2012. ISBN 1-258-42699-4; ISBN 978-1-258-42699-6
  • Georgano, Nick (Ed.). The Beaulieu Encyclopedia of the Automobile. Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn, 2000. ISBN 1-57958-293-1
  • Evans, Richard J.: Steam Cars (Shire Album), Shire Publications Ltd (booklet) 1985. ISBN 0-85263-774-8; ISBN 978-0-85263-774-6
  • Headfield, John: American Steam-Car Pioneers: A Scrapbook (1st edition). Newcomen Society in North, 1984. ISBN 9994065904; ISBN 978-9994065905
  • Kimes, Beverly R.; Clark, Henry A. (1975). The Standard Catalog of American Cars 1805–1945. Krause Publications. ISBN 0-87341-111-0.
  • Kimes, Beverly R.; Clark, Henry A. (1985). The Standard Catalog of American Cars 1805–1945. Krause Publications. ISBN 0-87341-045-9.
  • Kimes, Beverly R.; Clark, Henry A. (1996). The Standard Catalog of American Cars 1805–1942 (3rd ed.). Iola, Wisconsin: Krause. ISBN 0-87341-428-4.
  • Kirsch, David A.: The Electric Vehicle and the Burden of History. Rutgers University Press, New Brunswick NJ and London, 2000. ISBN 0-8135-2809-7