Bhili language
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Bhili (Bhili: भीली, ભીલી), IPA: [bʱiːliː], is a Western Indo-Aryan language spoken in west-central India, in the states of Rajasthan, Gujarat, Maharashtra, and Madhya Pradesh. Other names for the language include Bhilboli and several Bhili varieties are called Garasia. Bhili is a member of the Bhil languages, which are related to Gujarati and Rajasthani. The language is written using the Devanagari script.
Bhili has no official status in India.
Phonology
Consonants
| Labial | Dental/ Alveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stop | voiceless | p | t | ʈ | k | ||
| aspirated | pʰ | tʰ | ʈʰ | kʰ | |||
| voiced | b | d | ɖ | ɡ | |||
| breathy | bʱ | dʱ | ɖʱ | ɡʱ | |||
| Affricate | voiceless | tʃ | |||||
| voiced | dʒ | ||||||
| Fricative | s | (ʃ) | h | ||||
| Nasal | m | n | ɳ | (ŋ) | |||
| Lateral | l | ɭ | |||||
| Trill | r | ||||||
| Approximant | w | j |
- /w/ may also be heard as [ʋ] in free variation.
- /ʃ/ occurs in loanwords from Persian and Hindi.
- [ŋ] is heard as an allophone of /n/ preceding /k/.
Vowels
- Vowels /i,u/ can also be heard as [ɪ,ʊ].
- [æ] is borrowed from Hindi.
- /ə/ may also be heard as [ɤ] in final position.
Further reading
- Bodhankar, Anantrao. Bhillori (Bhilli) – English Dictionary. Pune: Tribal Research & Training Institute, 2002.[not Bhilori language?]
- Jungblut, L. A Short Bhili Grammar of Jhabua State and Adjoining Territories. S.l: s.n, 1937.
- Bhili - Folk SongThompson, Charles S. Rudiments of the Bhili Language. Ahmedabad [India]: United Printing Press, 1895.