Bromovirus
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Bromovirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Bromoviridae. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are seven species in this genus.
Taxonomy
The following species are assigned to the genus, listed by scientific name and followed by their common names:
- Bromovirus BBMV, Broad bean mottle virus
- Bromovirus BMV, Brome mosaic virus
- Bromovirus CCMV, Cowpea chlorotic mottle virus
- Bromovirus CYBV, Cassia yellow blotch virus
- Bromovirus MYFV, Melandrium yellow fleck virus
- Bromovirus SBLV, Spring beauty latent virus
- Bromovirus SVS, Sambucus virus S
Structure
Viruses in the genus Bromovirus are non-enveloped, with icosahedral geometries, and T=3 symmetry. The diameter is around 26nm. Genomes are linear and segmented, tripartite.
| Genus | Structure | Symmetry | Capsid | Genomic arrangement | Genomic segmentation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bromovirus | Icosahedral | T=3 | Non-enveloped | Linear | Segmented |
Life cycle
Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by penetration into the host cell. Replication follows the positive stranded RNA virus replication model. Positive stranded rna virus transcription, using the internal initiation model of subgenomic RNA transcription is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by tubule-guided viral movement. Plants serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are mechanical and contact.
| Genus | Host details | Tissue tropism | Entry details | Release details | Replication site | Assembly site | Transmission |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bromovirus | Plants | None | Viral movement; mechanical inoculation | Viral movement | Cytoplasm | Cytoplasm | Mechanical inoculation: insects; contact |
Recombination
Brome mosaic virus (BMV) genomes are able to undergo RNA-RNA homologous recombination upon infection of plant cells. The RNA-dependent RNA polymerase specified by the BMV genome appears to undergo template switching (copy choice) recombination during viral RNA synthesis.