Integrin alpha V
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Integrin alpha-V is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ITGAV gene.
Function
ITGAV encodes integrin alpha chain V. Integrins are heterodimeric integral membrane proteins composed of an alpha chain and a beta chain. Alpha V undergoes post-translational cleavage to yield disulfide-linked heavy and light chains, that combine with multiple integrin beta chains to form different integrins. Among the known associating beta chains (beta chains 1,3,5,6, and 8; ITGB1, ITGB3, ITGB5, ITGB6, and ITGB8), each can interact with extracellular matrix ligands; the alpha V beta 3 integrin, perhaps the most studied of these, is referred to as the Vitronectin receptor (VNR). In addition to adhesion, many integrins are known to facilitate signal transduction.
Alpha V class integrins
In mammals the integrins that include alpha-V are :
| Name | Synonyms | Distribution | Ligands |
|---|---|---|---|
| αVβ1 | neurological tumors | vitronectin; fibrinogen | |
| αVβ3 | vitronectin receptor | activated endothelial cells, melanoma, glioblastoma | vitronectin, fibronectin, fibrinogen, osteopontin, Cyr61, thyroxine |
| αVβ5 | widespread, esp. fibroblasts, epithelial cells | vitronectin and adenovirus | |
| αVβ6 | proliferating epithelia, esp. lung and mammary gland | fibronectin; TGFβ1+3 | |
| αVβ8 | neural tissue; peripheral nerve | fibronectin; TGFβ1+3 |
Clinical significance
Overexpression of the ITGAV gene is associated with progression and spread of colorectal cancer, and prostate cancer.
As a drug target
The mAbs intetumumab, and abituzumab target this protein which is found on some tumour cells.
See also
Further reading
External links
- at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- Info with links in the 2014-12-11 at the Wayback Machine