Chilomycterus is a genus of diodontid tetraodontiform fishes commonly called "burrfish".

Distribution

A majority of Chilomycterus species are found in the Atlantic Ocean, and primarily in the western Atlantic. Only one species, C. reticulatus, is also found in the Indo-Pacific region. The western Atlantic appears to have always been a region of diversity for the genus, as a majority of fossil species have been found there. Only a single indeterminate fossil assigned to this genus is known from the Pacific coast of Panama.

Species

There are currently five recognized species in this genus:

Fossil species

The following fossil species are known:

  • Chilomycterus circumflexus (Leriche, 1942) (Middle to Late Miocene of Cuba and Florida & North Carolina, US) (=Diodon circumflexus Leriche, 1942)
  • Chilomycterus dzonotensis Cantalice et al., 2025 (Late Miocene/Early Pliocene of Mexico)
  • Chilomycterus exspectatus Aguilera et al, 2017 (Late Miocene of Panama)
  • Chilomycterus ferreirai (Santos & Travassos 1960) (Early Miocene of Brazil & Venezuela)
  • Chilomycterus gatunensis (Toula, 1909) (Late Miocene of Panama)
  • Chilomycterus kugleri (Casier, 1958) (Late Miocene of Trinidad)
  • Chilomycterus tyleri Aguilera et al, 2017 (Late Miocene of Panama)
  • Chilomycterus vetus (Leidy, 1877) (Middle Miocene of Trinidad, Late Miocene of Florida, US)

The former species C. acanthodes from the Miocene of Italy is now placed in Oligodiodon.