Choni (Jonê) and Thewo are dialects of a Tibetic language spoken in western China in the vicinity of Jonê County.

Phonology

Consonants

Consonant phonemes of Nyinpa Choni
BilabialAlveolarRetroflex(Alveolo-)palatalVelarUvularGlottal
Nasalmnɲŋ
Plosivetenuisptk
aspirated
voicedbdɡ
prenasalizedᵐbⁿdᵑɡ
Affricatetenuist͡st͡ʂt͡ɕ
aspiratedt͡sʰt͡ʂʰt͡ɕʰ
voicedd͡zd͡ʐd͡ʑ
prenasalizedⁿd͡zⁿd͡ʐⁿd͡ʑ
Fricativetenuissʂɕxh
aspiratedʂʰɕʰ
voicedzʑɣ
Sonorantjw
Lateralfricativeɬ
approximantl

Choni has four contrastive aspirated fricatives: /sʰ/ /ɕʰ/, /ʂʰ/, /xʰ/.

  • /r/ is phonetically a fricativized alveolar trill [r̝], and may be heard as [ʐ] as an allophone.
  • A syllable-initial /k/ can be heard as a uvular fricative [χ] before voiceless consonants and as a voiced [ʁ] before voiced consonants. A syllable-final /k/ can be heard as a uvular stop [q] after /æ/ or /ɔ/ vowel sounds.
  • [ʁ] can also be heard as an allophone of /ɣ/ between /æ/ or /ɔ/ and another vowel.

Vowels

Vowel phonemes
FrontCentralBack
shortlongshortlongshortlong
Closeiʉʉːu
ɪɪː
Close-mideo
Midə
Open-midɛɔ
Openæɑɑː
Nasal vowels
FrontCentralBack
Closeĩː(ũː)
Close-midẽːõː
Openã ãː
  • [ũː] rarely exists as a phoneme, and is only attested in a few words with a palatal or alveolo-palatal initial.

Tone

Choni has two contrasting tones, which are realized differently on long and short vowels. They are word tones, with predictable realizations on the second syllable of a morpheme.

External links