Map of population density in England as at the 2011 census
The non-metropolitan counties and unitary authorities of England in 2020 by total population.

The demographics of England have been measured by the decennial national census since 1801, and are marked by centuries of population growth and urbanization. Due to the lack of authoritative contemporary sources, estimates of the population of England for dates prior to the first census in 1801 vary considerably. The population of England at the 2021 census was about 56,489,800.

Population

The population of England in 2021 was estimated to be 56,489,800. This is the most recent census. In the previous census, in 2011, the population was 53,012,456.

Data for the 2021 census:

Historical population

Population of England over time

Domesday population

Russell (1948) states that the fundamental demographic categories of the Domesday Survey in 1086 were broadly similar to that of the Poll Tax Survey of 1377. These were:

There was a recorded 740 monks, 200 nuns and 4500 secular clergy in 1086. The counties of Cheshire, Cumberland, Durham, Lancashire, Northumberland, Westmorland, Yorkshire all had different boundaries to their modern namesakes and had uncharacteristically low populations due to the Harrying of the North.

Estimated Population of Domesday Counties
CountyLanded groupBurghal groupTotal
Bedfordshire13,56242013,982
Berkshire22,0822,55824,640
Buckinghamshire18,87956019,439
Cambridgeshire18,0981,96020,058
Cornwall19,03319,033
Derbyshire9,98249010,472
Devon60,0952,56262,657
Dorset26,7363,15229,888
Essex53,9912,08256,073
Gloucestershire28,7495,13833,877
Hampshire35,3127,03242,344
Herefordshire18,5431,99120,534
Hertfordshire14,3881,55815,946
Huntingdonshire8,9981,31610,314
Kent40,3488,23848,586
Leicestershire23,3201,27824,598
Lincolnshire83,3846,95790,341
Middlesex7,83317,85025,683
Norfolk87,4378,00195,438
Northamptonshire29,0081,03230,040
Nottinghamshire19,0401,19020,230
Oxfordshire23,7061,43125,137
Rutland2,9922,992
Shropshire17,056-92217,978
Somerset46,4733,81150,284
Staffordshire10,87474611,620
Suffolk68,8704,24873,118
Surrey14,7281,19715,925
Sussex35,4907,13342,623
Warwickshire22,6311,28423,915
Wiltshire34,4896,41640,905
Worcestershire15,4491,55016,999
Cheshire4,0382,1426,180
Cumberland5,9715,971
Durham3,9831,0004,983
Lancashire7,3857,385
Northumberland7,9277,927
Westmorland3,0983,098
Yorkshire23,8274,72628,553
Total987,805111,9711,099,766

Russell (1948) therefore calculates a total English population in 1086 as 1,105,216 including burgesses, landowners and clergy. To this he adds estimates of Wales (100,000), Ireland (400,000) and Scotland (120,000) for a total British Isles population of roughly 1,720,000.

Population 5000–100 BC
YearPop.±%
Population 5000–100 BCYearPop.±%50000BCbelow 6000—30000BC100,000—18000BC300,000+200.0%01000BC1,500,000+400.0%Source:Population 1086–1700YearPop.±% p.a.10861,710,000—11903,100,000+0.57%12203,970,000+0.83%12504,230,000+0.21%12794,430,000+0.16%12904,750,000+0.64%13154,690,000−0.05%13254,120,000−1.29%13484,810,000+0.68%13512,600,000−18.54%13772,500,000−0.15%14002,080,000−0.80%14302,020,000−0.10%14501,900,000−0.31%14902,140,000+0.30%15222,350,000+0.29%15412,830,000+0.98%15603,020,000+0.34%16004,110,000+0.77%16505,310,000+0.51%17005,200,000−0.04%Source:Population 1801–2023YearPop.±%18018,287,907—18119,405,342+13.5%182111,178,050+18.8%183112,976,329+16.1%184114,847,888+14.4%185116,738,495+12.7%186118,753,390+12.0%187121,361,235+13.9%188124,397,385+14.2%189127,231,229+11.6%190130,072,180+10.4%191133,561,235+11.6%192135,230,225+5.0%193137,359,045+6.0%193938,084,321+1.9%195141,164,356+8.1%196143,460,525+5.6%197146,411,700+6.8%198146,820,800+0.9%199147,875,000+2.3%200149,138,831+2.6%201153,012,456+7.9%202156,489,800+6.6%202357,690,300+2.1%Source: Year(s) 1801–2011
50000BCbelow 6000—
30000BC100,000—
18000BC300,000+200.0%
01000BC1,500,000+400.0%
Source:
YearPop.±% p.a.
10861,710,000—
11903,100,000+0.57%
12203,970,000+0.83%
12504,230,000+0.21%
12794,430,000+0.16%
12904,750,000+0.64%
13154,690,000−0.05%
13254,120,000−1.29%
13484,810,000+0.68%
13512,600,000−18.54%
13772,500,000−0.15%
14002,080,000−0.80%
14302,020,000−0.10%
14501,900,000−0.31%
14902,140,000+0.30%
15222,350,000+0.29%
15412,830,000+0.98%
15603,020,000+0.34%
16004,110,000+0.77%
16505,310,000+0.51%
17005,200,000−0.04%
Source:
YearPop.±%
18018,287,907—
18119,405,342+13.5%
182111,178,050+18.8%
183112,976,329+16.1%
184114,847,888+14.4%
185116,738,495+12.7%
186118,753,390+12.0%
187121,361,235+13.9%
188124,397,385+14.2%
189127,231,229+11.6%
190130,072,180+10.4%
191133,561,235+11.6%
192135,230,225+5.0%
193137,359,045+6.0%
193938,084,321+1.9%
195141,164,356+8.1%
196143,460,525+5.6%
197146,411,700+6.8%
198146,820,800+0.9%
199147,875,000+2.3%
200149,138,831+2.6%
201153,012,456+7.9%
202156,489,800+6.6%
202357,690,300+2.1%
Source: Year(s) 1801–2011

Vital statistics

This is UK wide information.

Average populationLive birthsDeathsNatural changeCrude birth rate (per 1000)Crude death rate (per 1000)Natural change (per 1000)Fertility rates
1940567,710545,95221,75814.113.60.5
1941(c)539,205499,34339,86213.912.91.0
1942608,373448,777159,59615.611.54.1
1943641,064469,916171,14816.211.94.3
1944704,748461,189243,55917.711.66.1
1945638,422456,216182,20615.911.44.5
1946773,153460,543312,61019.211.47.8
1947829,863484,324345,53920.512.08.5
1948728,131439,803288,32817.910.87.1
1949686,181478,627207,55416.811.75.1
1950654,321477,006177,31515.511.34.2
1951(c)41,164,356636,259513,375122,88415.512.53.0
1952632,347466,479165,85815.311.34.0
1953642,844472,137170,70715.511.34.2
1954633,395469,074164,32115.211.33.9
1955628,935484,926144,00915.011.73.3
1956659,420488,893170,52715.711.74.0
1957681,736482,174199,56216.111.54.6
1958698,255494,201204,05416.411.74.7
1959706,239495,517210,72216.511.64.9
1960740,858493,553247,30517.111.55.6
1961(c)43,460,525766,358518,047248,31117.611.95.7
1962793,354523,855269,49918.012.06.0
1963807,017538,105268,91218.212.26.0
1964828,470501,991326,47918.511.37.2
1965816,433516,317300,11618.111.56.6
1966804,957528,981275,97617.711.85.9
1967788,458509,356279,10217.211.26.0
1968775,065541,862233,20316.911.95.0
1969754,456543,425211,03116.411.94.5
1970741,999540,196201,80316.011.64.4
1971(c)46,411,700740,099532,445207,65415.911.54.4
197246,572,000685,485554,251131,23414.711.92.8
197346,686,000638,356549,87688,48013.711.81.9
197446,682,000603,153547,98055,17312.911.71.2
197546,674,000568,900545,44423,45612.211.70.5
197646,659,000550,383560,317−9,93411.812.0−0.2
197746,639,000536,953538,652−1,69911.511.5−0.0
197846,638,000562,589547,68514,90412.111.70.4
197946,698,000601,316554,84046,47612.911.91.0
198046,787,000618,371544,34974,02213.211.61.6
1981(c)46,820,800598,163541,01857,14512.811.61.2
198246,777,000589,711544,98444,72712.611.70.91.76
198346,813,000593,255542,50950,74612.711.61.11.75
198446,912,000600,573531,31469,25912.811.31.51.75
198547,057,000619,301553,15366,14813.211.81.41.78
198647,187,000623,609544,54579,06413.211.51.71.76
198747,300,000643,330531,150112,18013.611.22.41.80
198847,412,000654,353535,553118,80013.811.32.51.82
198947,552,000649,357539,804109,55313.711.42.31.79
199047,699,000666,920528,920138,00014.011.13.91.83
1991(c)47,875,000660,806533,980126,82613.811.22.61.81
199247,998,000651,784522,660129,12413.610.92.71.79
199348,102,000636,473540,90495,56913.211.22.01.76
199448,228,000628,956516,297112,65913.010.72.31.75
199548,383,000613,257529,03884,21912.710.91.81.71
199648,519,000614,184526,65087,53412.710.91.81.73
199748,664,000608,202521,59886,60412.510.71.81.73
199848,820,000602,111518,08984,02212.310.61.71.72
199949,032,000589,468517,11972,34912.010.51.51.69
200049,233,000572,826503,02669,80011.610.21.41.65
2001(c)49,449,000563,744497,87865,86611.410.11.31.63
200249,679,000565,709500,79264,91711.410.11.31.64
200349,925,000589,851504,12785,72411.810.11.71.72
200450,194,000607,184480,717126,46712.19.62.51.77
200550,606,000613,028479,678133,35012.19.52.61.77
200650,965,000635,748470,326165,42212.59.23.31.83
200751,381,000655,357470,721184,63612.89.23.61.88
200851,815,000672,809475,763197,04613.09.23.81.92
200952,196,000671,058459,241211,81712.98.84.11.91
201052,642,000687,007461,017225,99013.18.84.31.94
2011(c)53,107,000688,120452,862235,25813.08.54.51.93
201253,493,000694,241466,779227,46213.08.74.31.94
201353,865,000664,517473,552190,96512.38.83.51.85
201454,316,000661,496468,875192,62112.28.63.61.83
201554,786,000664,399495,309169,09012.19.03.11.82
201655,268,000663,157490,454172,70312.08.93.11.81
201755,619,000646,794498,882147,91211.69.02.61.76
201855,977,000625,651505,859119,79211.29.02.21.70
201956,287,000610,505488,952121,55310.88.72.11.66
202056,550,000585,195569,70015,49510.310.10.31.59
2021(c)56,489,800595,948549,20746,74110.59.70.81.56
202257,106,398577,046540,33336,71310.29.50.71.49
202357,910,000563,561544,03219,5299.89.40.41.44
202458,560,000567,708531,95335,7559.79.10.61.42
2025534,048

(c) = Census results.

In 2024, 34.7% of live births were to mothers born outside the UK and for 40.4% of live births, one or both parents were born outside of the UK.

Current vital statistics

The number of registered births and deaths correspond to England and Wales, since the Office for National Statistics provides provisional monthly birth data without distinguishing both countries.

PeriodLive birthsDeathsNatural increase
January—September 2024426,622424,715+1,907
January—September 2025419,290426,804−7,514
Difference−7,332 (−1.71%)+2,089 (+0.49%)−9,421
Source:

Historical per cent distribution of the total population by age

Ages1901193119511961
0–14 years32242223
15–64 years63696765
65 years and over571112
Total (%)100100100100

Country of birth

Country of birth given by respondents in the corresponding UK censuses were as follows:

Map showing the percentage of the population born outside England according to the 2011 census.
Country of birth197119811991200120112021
Number%Number%Number%Number%Number%Number%
United Kingdom41,951,04291.3%42,620,88293.1%43,506,41192.46%44,594,81790.75%45,675,31786.16%46,687,50582.65%
England40,374,71487.9%41,084,39989.8%42,003,21189.3%42,968,59687.44%44,246,59283.46%45,388,72480.35%
Scotland716,4991.6%731,4121.7%743,8561.58%794,5771.62%708,8721.34%626,4431.11%
Wales632,5481.4%573,0141.3%545,3811.16%609,7111.24%506,6190.96%478,6970.85%
Northern Ireland227,2810.5%––211,1330.45%215,1240.44%206,7350.39%190,5410.34%
United Kingdom (not otherwise specified)––232,0572,8300.01%6,8090.01%6,4990.01%2,612
Europe (non-UK)1,217,2452.7%1,142,1822.4%1,196,5242.5%1,450,2602.95%2,375,4414.5%4,042,5387.16%
Republic of Ireland Ireland647,4291.4%567,0211.3%555,8051.18%460,2870.94%395,1820.75%314,6740.56%
Channel Islands & Isle of Man––––26,3030.06%27,5500.06%24,6530.05%
Total born in all EU Member Countries (excluding Ireland)569,8161.2%340,1130%452,0921%660,0611.34%1,980,2593.73%3,236,7995.73%
EU Member Countries (joined pre-2001) or EEC Members––340,113452,0921%––894,9081.69%1,263,7072.24%
Germany Germany––––193,3460.41%233,4180.48%262,3560.49%252,2520.45%
Italy Italy––––83,7240.18%98,7570.20%131,1950.25%272,0190.48%
France France––––49,9470.11%87,5620.18%127,6010.24%152,6970.27%
Spain Spain––––37,0060.08%50,4310.10%77,5540.15%163,8480.29%
Other EU Member Countries (joined post-2001)––––––––1,085,3512.04%1,973,0923.49%
Poland Poland––––68,0490.14%56,6790.12%561,0981.06%718,2511.27%
Romania Romania––––3,7620.01%7,0770.01%78,1920.15%530,3200.94%
Other non-EU Europe––235,0480.5%115,2470.2%––––491,0650.87%
Turkey Turkey––––26,0160.06%52,4020.11%89,4840.17%124,7580.22%
Soviet Union––––25,2350.05%27,2500.06%––––
Africa148,4730.3%278,6780.6%456,3961%798,2181.62%1,290,6112.43%1,558,1992.76%
South Africa South Africa––––21,2200.05%129,3020.26%186,3550.35%211,4470.37%
Kenya Kenya––––109,6100.23%126,1190.26%135,9660.26%133,4160.24%
Nigeria Nigeria––––45,8730.10%86,3700.18%188,6900.36%266,8770.47%
Middle East and Asia522,2631.1%727,8381.6%1,108,5292.4%1,778,2963.62%2,529,1374.77%3,241,7015.74%
India India301,8620.7%378,7210.9%395,5630.84%450,4930.92%682,2741.29%906,9621.61%
Pakistan Pakistan131,8260.3%179,7120.4%221,7760.47%304,7060.62%476,6840.90%616,4541.09%
Bangladesh Bangladesh46,8730.1%101,8290.22%150,0570.31%206,3310.39%266,2900.47%
Sri Lanka Sri Lanka15,366––38,1450.08%66,3300.13%125,9170.24%141,8610.25%
Far East73,209122,5320.3%––360,6040.73%––––
Hong Kong Hong Kong––––64,4960.14%84,7700.17%98,7240.19%117,7140.21%
China China––––21,2920.05%47,2010.10%146,2020.28%176,0720.31%
Americas and Caribbean292,9660.6%291,6790.6%481,2991%––663,0911.25%790,0021.40%
United States United States––––128,3370.27%141,1980.29%173,4700.33%198,6560.35%
Jamaica Jamaica––––141,3520.30%145,2340.30%159,1700.30%141,2890.25%
Canada Canada––––53,1950.11%59,3560.12%66,3200.13%66,8470.12%
Antarctica and Oceania––––104,1410.2%––179,2000.34%170,0230.30%
Australia Australia––––66,2790.14%96,4370.20%113,5920.21%109,9630.19%
New Zealand New Zealand––––37,8620.08%53,4660.11%57,0760.11%47,8420.08%
Other: Old Commonwealth119,6830.3%133,2200.3%––––––––
Other: New Commonwealth109,9710.2%155,3890.3%147,6020.3%––––––
Other Countries (non Europe or UK for 2001–2021)482,3511%421,8950.9%––3,093,7546.30%4,961,6989.36%5,760,00810.20%
Total45,917,667100%45,771,763100%47,055,204100%49,138,831100.00%53,012,456100.00%56,490,051100%

Below are the estimates of the largest foreign-born groups in England according to ONS estimates.

Country of birth2013201420152018
India698,000748,000751,000832,000
Poland Poland561,000677,000713,000832,000
Pakistan479,000499,000478,000535,000
Republic of Ireland Ireland315,000317,000318,000369,000
Germany Germany263,000267,000253,000309,000
Population pyramid from 2001 to 2020

Age

Population pyramid in 2020

The data below is based on the 2011 census. In 2001, the mean age of England's population was 38.60, and the median age was 37.00. In 2022, the median age was 40.5.

Ages attained (years)Population
Numbers% of total population
Whole age bandPer year of age band
0–43,318,4496.261.25
5–92,972,6325.611.12
10–143,080,9295.811.16
15–193,340,2656.301.26
20–243,595,3216.781.36
25–293,650,8816.891.38
30–343,509,2216.621.32
35–393,549,1166.691.34
40–443,885,9347.331.47
45–493,879,8157.321.46
50–543,400,0956.411.28
55–592,996,9925.651.13
60–643,172,2775.981.20
65–692,508,1544.730.95
70–742,044,1293.860.77
75–791,669,3453.150.63
80–841,258,7732.370.47
85–89776,3111.460.29
90+403,8170.76–
  • Population pyramids of the regions of England
  • South West
  • South East
  • Greater London
  • East of England
  • East Midlands
  • West Midlands
  • Yorkshire and the Humber
  • North West
  • North East

Ethnicity

Ethnic demographics of England from 1981 - 2021
Ethnic makeup of England in single year age groups in 2021
Estimates of selected Commonwealth non-white population in England and Wales, 1951-1968
Ethnic group (reported as 'Area of origin')195119611966mid-1968
Estimates based solely on selected Commonwealth immigrant populationsTotal estimated (including estimates of those born in the UK)
Population%Population%Population%Population%Population%
Selected Commonwealth non-White: Total74,5000.17%336,0000.72%595,0001.27%924,0001.96%1,123,0002.31%
India30,80081,400163,600223,000––
Pakistan5,00024,90067,700199,700––
Ceylon (Sri Lanka)5,8009,00012,90016,100––
West Indies15,300171,800267,900––––
Jamaica––––––278,000––
Other Caribbean––––––180,300––
British West Africa (Gambia, Ghana, Nigeria and Sierra Leone)5,60019,80036,00050,700––
Far East (Hong Kong, Malaya, Singapore)12,00029,60047,00060,000––
Total population43,758,000100%46,105,000100%47,135,500100%47,135,500100%48,640,000100%
Ethnicity in England, 1981-2021
Ethnic groupYear
1981 estimations1991200120112021
Population%Population%Population%Population%Population%
White: Total–95.4%44,144,33993.8%44,679,36191%45,281,14285.4%45,783,40181%
White: British––––42,747,13687.0%42,279,23679.8%41,540,79173.5%
White: Irish––––624,1151.3%517,0011.0%494,2510.9%
White: Irish Traveller/White Gypsy––––––54,8950.1%64,2180.1%
White: Roma––––––––99,1380.2%
White: Other––––1,308,1102.7%2,430,0104.6%3,585,0036.3%
Asian or Asian British: Total–2.65%1,762,2623.7%2,468,9705%4,143,4037.8%5,426,3929.7%
Asian or Asian British: Indian–1.32%823,8211.8%1,028,5462.1%1,395,7022.6%1,843,2483.3%
Asian or Asian British: Pakistani–0.7%449,6461.0%706,5391.4%1,112,2822.1%1,570,2852.8%
Asian or Asian British: Bangladeshi–0.18%157,8810.3%275,3940.6%436,5140.8%629,5671.1%
Asian or Asian British: Chinese–0.22%141,6610.3%220,6810.5%379,5020.7%431,1650.8%
Asian or Asian British: Asian Other–0.23%189,2530.4%237,8100.5%819,4031.6%952,1271.7%
Black or Black British: Total–1.51%874,8821.9%1,132,5082.3%1,846,6143.5%2,381,7244.2%
Black or Black British: Caribbean–0.91%495,6821.1%561,2461.1%591,0161.1%619,4191.1%
Black or Black British: African–0.3%206,9180.4%475,9381.0%977,7411.8%1,468,4742.6%
Black or Black British: Other–0.3%172,2820.4%95,3240.2%277,8570.5%293,8310.5%
British Mixed: Total––––643,3731.3%1,192,8792.3%1,669,3782.9%
Mixed: White and Caribbean––––231,4240.5%415,6160.8%499,3100.9%
Mixed: White and African––––76,4980.2%161,5500.3%241,5280.4%
Mixed: White and Asian––––184,0140.4%332,7080.6%474,1900.8%
Mixed: Other Mixed––––151,4370.3%283,0050.3%454,3500.8%
Other: Total–0.44%273,7210.6%214,6190.4%548,4181.0%1,229,1532.2%
Other: Arab––––––220,9850.4%320,2030.6%
Other: Any other ethnic group–0.44%273,7210.6%214,6190.4%327,4330.6%908,9501.6%
Non-White: Total–4.6%2,910,8656.2%4,459,4709%7,731,31414.6%10,706,64719%
Total–100%47,055,204100%49,138,831100%53,012,456100%56,490,048100%

Notes for table above

Population distribution

  • Proportion of births in regions of each broad multi-ethnic group
  • White
  • Asian
  • Black
  • Mixed
  • All other ethnic groups
  • Births which did not state an ethnicity

Ethnicity of school pupils

The ethnicity of school pupils in England has been changing since the figures were first published in 1997, White and especially White British students proportionally have been in decline compared to other groups who have risen.

Ethnic groupSchool year
1997200120042008201020142015/162017/182019/202021/222023/24
Number%Number%Number%Number%Number%Number%Number%Number%Number%Number%Number%
White: Total5,976,10089%5,832,50186%5,584,80082.9%5,389,34081.3%5,243,87079.9%5,222,07076.9%5,258,58275.6%6,027,78174%6,048,98072.8%6,011,04571.4%5,877,64069.1%
White: British––––5,408,70080.3%5,136,61077.4%4,963,11075.6%4,859,73071.6%4,822,33269.3%5,454,10866.9%5,432,99165.4%5,379,74863.9%5,212,52461.3%
White: Irish––––26,1000.3%23,6200.4%22,1900.3%21,6400.3%21,1270.3%23,1100.3%22,4430.3%21,4950.3%20,6770.2%
White: Roma––––6,5000.1%3,9400.1%4,0000.1%4,6250.1%22,0920.3%26,6530.3%28,0910.3%27,3590.3%28,5940.3%
White: Irish Traveller––––3,9000.1%8,7700.1%10,9900.2%19,0300.3%4,9750.1%6,0080.1%6,5780.1%6,9030.1%6,7980.1%
White: Other––––139,6002.1%216,4103.3%243,5803.7%317,0554.7%388,0565.6%517,9026.4%558,8776.7%575,5406.8%609,0477.2%
Asian / Asian British: Total––425,0206.3%476,9007.1%536,4208.1%575,6708.8%676,92010.0%755,81710.8%937,98311.4%985,79511.9%1,040,54112.3%1,129,38313.4%
Asian / Asian British: Indian––162,4982.4%154,4002.3%161,1502.4%163,7802.5%180,9952.7%196,3512.8%247,2803.0%268,3183.2%289,1793.4%337,3824.0%
Asian / Asian British: Pakistani––171,7412.5%180,6002.7%214,2103.2%231,3803.5%273,4654.0%293,0894.2%360,5544.4%372,6994.5%380,7814.5%388,3154.6%
Asian / Asian British: Bangladeshi––66,8541.0%72,0001.1%87,3201.3%95,4201.5%110,7351.6%117,0041.7%143,3791.8%148,2901.8%151,6131.8%151,8751.8%
Asian / Asian British: Chinese––23,9270.4%23,7000.4%24,7800.4%24,6900.4%26,7250.4%28,9150.4%36,1960.4%37,7320.5%48,3960.6%63,7740.8%
Asian / Asian British: Other Asians––––46,2000.7%73,7701.1%85,0801.3%111,7201.6%120,4581.7%150,5741.8%158,7561.9%170,5722.0%188,0372.2%
Black / Black British: Total––249,5503.7%244,9003.6%292,8604.4%312,2604.8%366,1305.4%389,5855.5%464,3675.7%474,5705.7%486,5175.8%551,0996.5%
Black: Caribbean––99,1391.5%96,1001.4%92,0901.4%91,4001.4%89,3501.3%85,8301.2%91,4291.1%86,5431.0%82,4021.0%78,8170.9%
Black: African––90,9341.3%120,9001.8%167,9902.5%184,7902.8%232,0653.4%253,7813.6%311,0123.8%323,8743.9%338,6144.0%406,2464.8%
Black: Other Blacks––59,4770.9%27,9000.4%32,7700.5%36,0700.5%44,7100.7%49,9740.7%61,9260.8%64,1530.8%65,5010.8%66,0360.8%
Mixed / British Mixed––––181,5002.7%229,6503.5%256,9803.9%325,1404.8%363,7305.3%473,3055.8%515,0616.1%558,1846.6%594,3447.0%
Mixed: White and Caribbean––––64,6001.0%77,3501.2%82,4101.3%95,7851.4%101,2781.5%123,8731.5%128,7741.5%133,5041.6%134,3841.6%
Mixed: White and African––––17,0000.3%24,1100.4%27,8600.4%40,2450.6%47,4720.7%63,5180.8%70,4030.8%76,2620.9%79,9400.9%
Mixed: White and Asian Other––––36,3000.5%47,5100.7%54,6100.8%73,5551.1%84,1331.2%111,8111.4%123,1531.5%134,8211.6%143,2061.7%
Mixed: Other Mixed––––63,5000.9%80,6801.2%92,1101.4%115,5601.7%130,8471.9%174,1032.1%192,7312.3%213,5972.5%236,8142.8%
Other: Total––169,0692.5%57,9000.9%78,5601.2%86,8801.3%106,1151.6%119,6471.7%154,5751.9%168,7582.0%185,3552.2%203,5612.4%
Unclassified––108,2191.6%190,7002.8%81,3001.2%64,6101.0%67,9351.0%67,1261.0%94,3121.2%119,3881.4%136,3711.6%141,9081.7%
Non-White: Total740,60011%
Total:6,716,700100%6,784,458100%6,736,700100%6,632,900100%6,564,940100%6,791,030100%6,954,487100%8,152,323100%8,312,552100%8,418,013100%8,497,935100%
  • Ethnicity of school pupils in the school year of 2021/2022
  • White: 71.4%
  • White British: 63.9%

Languages

The most common main languages spoken in England according to the 2011 census are shown below.

RankLanguageUsual residents aged 3+Proportion
1English46,936,78092.02%
2Polish529,1731.04%
3Punjabi271,5800.53%
4Urdu266,3300.52%
5Bengali (with Sylheti and Chatgaya)216,1960.42%
6Gujarati212,2170.42%
7Arabic152,4900.30%
8French145,0260.28%
9Portuguese131,0020.26%
10Spanish118,5540.23%
11Tamil99,7730.20%
12Turkish98,0830.19%
13Italian90,5470.18%
14Somali84,3870.17%
15Lithuanian84,3270.17%
16German75,1900.15%
17Persian/Farsi75,1790.15%
18Tagalog/Filipino67,5930.13%
19Romanian66,4960.13%
20Russian66,2710.13%
–Welsh8,2480.02%
–Cornish5540.00%
–Other1,209,6142.37%
Total population51,005,610100.00%

Religion

Religious makeup of England in single year age groups in 2021
  1. Christianity (46.3%)
  2. Not religious (36.7%)
  3. Islam (6.70%)
  4. Not stated (6.00%)
  5. Other religions (2.50%)
  6. Hinduism (1.80%)

Respondents to the 2001, 2011 and 2021 censuses gave their religions as follows:

Religion200120112021
Number%Number%Number%
Christian35,251,24471.74%31,479,87659.38%26,167,89946.3%
Muslim1,524,8873.10%2,660,1165.02%3,801,1866.7%
Hindu546,9821.11%806,1991.52%1,032,5331.8%
Sikh327,3430.67%420,1960.79%520,0920.9%
Jewish257,6710.52%261,2820.49%269,2830.5%
Buddhist139,0460.28%238,6260.45%262,4330.5%
Other religion143,8110.29%227,8250.43%332,4100.6%
No religion7,171,33214.59%13,114,23224.74%20,715,66436.7%
Religion not stated3,776,5157.69%3,804,1047.18%3,400,5486.0%
Total population49,138,831100.00%53,012,456100.00%56,490,048100.0%

See also

Notes

External links