Emin County
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Emin County (Chinese: 额敏县) also known as Dörbiljin County (Uyghur: دۆربىلجىن ناھىيىسى; Kazakh: ءدوربىلجىن اۋدانى), is a county situated in the north of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region and is under the administration of the Tacheng Prefecture, bordering Kazakhstan's districts of Tarbagatay and Zaysan. It has an area of 9,092 km2 (3,510 sq mi) with a population of 200,000. The local postal code is 834600.
Geographically, the county is located on the southern slopes of the Tarbagatai Mountains and in the Emin Valley. The main watercourse is the Emin (Emil) River.
Name
The place was originally named Dörbiljin. In 1918, Yang Zengxin, the governor of Xinjiang, petitioned to have a county set up in the Emin Valley. The new county was named after the Emin (Emil) River. Nevertheless, the official Kazakh and Uyghur name of the county is still "Dörbiljin".
Transportation
The Karamay–Tacheng Railway (under construction as of 2017) will serve Emin County.
Demographics
| Nationality | Percentage | |
| Han People | 51.6% | |
| Kazakhs | 36.3% | |
| Uyghurs | 3.9% | |
| Hui People | 3.7% | |
| Mongols | 2.9% | |
| Russian | 0.2% | |
| Kyrgyz | 0.1% | |
| Manchu people | 0.1% | |
| Uzbek people | 0.1% | |
| Others | 1.3% | |
| Source of the population statistics : |
Administrative divisions
Emin County is divided into 6 towns, 3 townships, and 2 ethnic townships.
| Name | Simplified Chinese | Hanyu Pinyin | Uyghur (UEY) | Uyghur Latin (ULY) | Kazakh (Arabic script) | Kazakh (Cyrillic script) | Notes | Administrative division code |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Towns | ||||||||
| Dörbiljin Town (Emin Town) | 额敏镇 | Émǐn Zhèn | دۆربىلجىن بازىرى | dörbiljin baziri | ءدوربىلجىن قالاشىعى | Дөрбілжін қалашығы | 654221100 | |
| Üsh Qarasu Town | 玉什喀拉苏镇 | Yùshíkālāsū Zhèn | ئۈچ قاراسۇ بازىرى | Üch qarasu baziri | ءۇشقاراسۋ قالاشىعى | Үшқарасу қалашығы | 654221101 | |
| Jël'aghash Town | 杰勒阿尕什镇 | Jiélè'āgǎshí Zhèn | جېلئاغاش بازىرى | jël'aghash baziri | جەلاعاش قالاشىعى | Желағаш қалашығы | 654221102 | |
| Shanghu Town | 上户镇 | Shànghú Zhèn | شاڭخۇ بازىرى | shangxu baziri | شاڭحۋ قالاشىعى | Шaңхy қалашығы | 654221103 | |
| Maralsu Town | 玛热勒苏镇 | Mǎrèlèsū Zhèn | مارالسۇ بازىرى | maralsu baziri | مارالسۋ قالاشىعى | Маралсу қалашығы | 654221104 | |
| Qara'ëmil Town | 喀拉也木勒镇 | Kālāyěmùlè Zhèn | قارا ئېمىل بازىرى | qara'ëmil baziri | قاراەمىل قالاشىعى | Қараеміл қалашығы | 654221105 | |
| Township | ||||||||
| Jiaoqu Township (City Outskrits Township) | 郊区乡 | Jiāoqū Xiāng | شەھەر ئەتراپى يېزىسى | sheher Etrapi yëzisi | قالا ماڭى اۋىلى | Қала маңы ауылы | 654221200 | |
| Küre Township | 喇嘛昭乡 | Lǎmazhāo Xiāng | كۈرە يېزىسى | küre yëzisi | كۇرە اۋىلى | Күре ауылы | 654221207 | |
| Gürti Township (Erdaoqiao Township) | 二道桥乡 | Èrdàoqiáo Xiāng | گۈرتى يېزىسى | gürti yëzisi | كۇرتى اۋىلى (ارداۋچياۋ) | Күрті ауылы (Ардаучиау) | 654221207 | |
| Ethnic Townships | ||||||||
| Emalgulin Mongol Ethnic Township | 额玛勒郭楞蒙古民族乡 | Émǎlèguōléng Ménggǔ Mínzúxiāng | ئېمالغۇلىن موڭغۇل يېزىسى | Ëmalghulin mongghul yëzisi | ەمالعولىن موڭعۇل ۇلتتىق اۋىلى | Емалғұлин Моңғұл Ұлттық ауылы | (Mongolian) ᠡᠮᠢᠯᠢ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ Эмиль Голын монгол үндэстэний шиян | 654221202 |
| Hujeriti Mongol Ethnic Township | 霍吉尔特蒙古民族乡 | Huòjí'ěrtè Ménggǔ Mínzúxiāng | خۇجېرىتى موڭغۇل يېزىسى | xujëriti mongghul yëzisi | قوجىرتى موڭعۇل ۇلتتىق اۋىلى | Құжырты Моңғұл Ұлттық ауылы | (Mongolian) ᠭᠤᠤᠵᠡᠭᠡᠷᠳᠡ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ Гуузээрд монгол үндэстэний шиян | 654221208 |
Others
- Erzhihe Ranch (Quyghansu) (二支河牧场) (قۇيغانسۇ چارۋىچىلىق مەيدانى) (قۇيعانسۋ مال شارۋاشىلىعى الاڭىنداعى)
- Jarbulaq Farm (加尔布拉克农场) (جاربۇلاق دېھقانچىلىق مەيدانى) (جاربۇلاق اۋىل شارۋاشىلىعى الاڭىنداعى)
- Kuoshibike Pedigree Ranch (阔什比克良种场) (كۆشبىك ئۇرۇق مەيدانى) (كوشبيكە سورتتى تۇقىم الاڭىنداعى)
- Saryemil Ranch (萨尔也木勒牧场) (سار ئېمىل چارۋىچىلىق مەيدانى) (سارىەمىل مال شارۋاشىلىعى الاڭىنداعى)
- Emil Ranch (也木勒牧场) (ئېمىل چارۋىچىلىق مەيدانى) (ەمىل مال شارۋاشىلىعى الاڭىنداعى)
- Tacheng Prefectural Pedigree Sheep Farm (塔城地区种羊场) (تارباغاتاي ۋىلايەتلىك نەسىللىك قوي فېرمىسى) (تارباعاتاي ايماقتىق اسىل تۇقىمدى قوي فەرماسى)
- Uzunbulaq Ranch (吾宗布拉克牧场) (ئۇزۇنبۇلاق چارۋىچىلىق مەيدانى) (ۇزىنبۇلاق مال شارۋاشىلىعى الاڭىنداعى)
- Unity Farm of 9th Division, XPCC (兵团农九师团结农场) (ئىتتىپاق دېھقانچىلىق مەيدانى) (بىرلىك اۋىل شارۋاشىلىعى الاڭىنداعى)
- 165th Regiment of the XPCC (兵团一百六十五团) (165-تۇەن مەيدانى) (165-تۋان الاڭىنداعى)
- 166th Regiment of the XPCC (兵团一百六十六团) (166-تۇەن مەيدانى) (166-تۋان الاڭىنداعى)
- 167th Regiment of the XPCC (兵团一百六十七团) (167-تۇەن مەيدانى) (167-تۋان الاڭىنداعى)
- 168th Regiment of the XPCC (兵团一百六十八团) (168-تۇەن مەيدانى) (168-تۋان الاڭىنداعى)
- 169th Regiment of the XPCC (兵团一百六十九团) (169-تۇەن مەيدانى) (169-تۋان الاڭىنداعى)
- 170th Regiment of the XPCC (兵团一百七十团) (170-تۇەن مەيدانى) (170-تۋان الاڭىنداعى)
Climate
| Climate data for Emin, elevation 522 m (1,713 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 6.3 (43.3) | 8.3 (46.9) | 25.5 (77.9) | 33.8 (92.8) | 37.5 (99.5) | 38.3 (100.9) | 41.3 (106.3) | 41.1 (106.0) | 37.5 (99.5) | 32.1 (89.8) | 21.2 (70.2) | 11.4 (52.5) | 41.3 (106.3) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −5.1 (22.8) | −1.5 (29.3) | 6.5 (43.7) | 18.4 (65.1) | 24.4 (75.9) | 29.4 (84.9) | 31.2 (88.2) | 30.3 (86.5) | 24.4 (75.9) | 16.2 (61.2) | 5.3 (41.5) | −3.1 (26.4) | 14.7 (58.5) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −11.9 (10.6) | −8.5 (16.7) | 0.1 (32.2) | 11.0 (51.8) | 16.9 (62.4) | 21.8 (71.2) | 23.5 (74.3) | 22.2 (72.0) | 16.3 (61.3) | 8.4 (47.1) | −0.8 (30.6) | −9.1 (15.6) | 7.5 (45.5) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −17.0 (1.4) | −14.1 (6.6) | −5.1 (22.8) | 4.9 (40.8) | 10.2 (50.4) | 14.9 (58.8) | 16.6 (61.9) | 15.1 (59.2) | 9.3 (48.7) | 2.5 (36.5) | −5.1 (22.8) | −13.6 (7.5) | 1.5 (34.8) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −37.8 (−36.0) | −33.9 (−29.0) | −29.8 (−21.6) | −11.2 (11.8) | −3.0 (26.6) | 2.5 (36.5) | 8.3 (46.9) | 3.9 (39.0) | −2.6 (27.3) | −14.1 (6.6) | −31.8 (−25.2) | −34.1 (−29.4) | −37.8 (−36.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 18.3 (0.72) | 15.6 (0.61) | 19.6 (0.77) | 33.3 (1.31) | 34.9 (1.37) | 23.1 (0.91) | 28.9 (1.14) | 20.2 (0.80) | 18.9 (0.74) | 20.9 (0.82) | 33.3 (1.31) | 24.0 (0.94) | 291 (11.44) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 8.8 | 8.5 | 8.3 | 8.6 | 8.5 | 8.2 | 8.5 | 6.2 | 5.6 | 7.4 | 9.9 | 10.5 | 99 |
| Average snowy days | 10.9 | 10.7 | 6.9 | 1.6 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.9 | 8.5 | 12.6 | 53.2 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 75 | 73 | 68 | 53 | 47 | 49 | 52 | 49 | 48 | 58 | 72 | 76 | 60 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 143.4 | 164.5 | 223.1 | 256.0 | 317.0 | 325.0 | 330.5 | 317.7 | 267.4 | 208.4 | 136.7 | 119.4 | 2,809.1 |
| Percentage possible sunshine | 50 | 55 | 59 | 62 | 68 | 69 | 70 | 74 | 73 | 63 | 50 | 45 | 62 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration |
Notable people
- Asgat Iskhakov – Chinese Tatar politician (1921–1976)