Extreme points of Canada

The northernmost point of land within the boundaries of Canada is Cape Columbia, Ellesmere Island, Nunavut 83°06′40″N 69°58′19″W/83.111°N 69.972°W/ 83.111; -69.972(Cape Columbia, Nunavut). The northernmost point of the Canadian mainland is Zenith Point on Boothia Peninsula, Nunavut 72°00′07″N 94°39′18″W/72.002°N 94.655°W/ 72.002; -94.655(Zenith Point, Nunavut). The southernmost point is Middle Island, in Lake Erie, Ontario (41°41′N 82°40′W); the southernmost water point lies just south of the island, on the Ontario–Ohio border (41°40′35″N). The southernmost point of the Canadian mainland is Point Pelee, Ontario 41°54′32″N 82°30′32″W/41.909°N 82.509°W/ 41.909; -82.509(Point Pelee, Ontario). The lowest point is sea level at 0 m, whilst the highest point is Mount Logan, Yukon, at 5,959 m / 19,550 ft 60°34′01″N 140°24′18″W/60.567°N 140.405°W/ 60.567; -140.405(Mount Logan, Yukon).

The westernmost point is Boundary Peak 187 (60°18′22.929″N 141°00′7.128″W) at the southern end of the Yukon–Alaska border, which roughly follows 141°W but leans very slightly east as it goes North 60°18′04″N 141°00′36″W/60.301°N 141.010°W/ 60.301; -141.010(Boundary Peak 187). The easternmost point is Cape Spear, Newfoundland (47°31′N 52°37′W) 47°31′23″N 52°37′08″W/47.523°N 52.619°W/ 47.523; -52.619(Cape Spear, Newfoundland). The easternmost point of the Canadian mainland is Elijah Point, Cape St. Charles, Labrador (52°13′N 55°37′W) 52°13′01″N 55°37′16″W/52.217°N 55.621°W/ 52.217; -55.621(Elijah Point, Labrador).

Below includes a list of extreme and significant points of the geography of Canada.

All Canada

Northernmost point — Cape Columbia, Ellesmere Island, Nunavut 83°6′41″N 69°57′30″W/83.11139°N 69.95833°W/ 83.11139; -69.95833(Cape Columbia)
Southernmost point — South point of Middle Island, Ontario, in Lake Erie 41°40′53″N 82°40′56″W/41.68139°N 82.68222°W/ 41.68139; -82.68222(South point of Middle Island)
Easternmost point — Cape Spear, Newfoundland 47°31′25″N 52°37′10″W/47.52361°N 52.61944°W/ 47.52361; -52.61944(Cape Spear)
Westernmost point — Boundary Peak 187, Yukon 60°18′23″N 141°0′7″W/60.30639°N 141.00194°W/ 60.30639; -141.00194(Boundary Peak 187), Yukon 60°18′23″N 141°0′7″W/60.30639°N 141.00194°W/ 60.30639; -141.00194(Boundary Peak 187)

Non-insular (mainland) Canada

Northernmost point — Zenith Point, Nunavut 72°0′0″N 94°38′59″W/72.00000°N 94.64972°W/ 72.00000; -94.64972(Zenith Point)
Southernmost point — Point Pelee, Ontario 41°54′33″N 82°30′32″W/41.90917°N 82.50889°W/ 41.90917; -82.50889(Point Pelee)
Easternmost point — Cape Saint Charles, Labrador 52°13′3″N 55°37′15″W/52.21750°N 55.62083°W/ 52.21750; -55.62083(Cape Saint Charles)
Westernmost point — Boundary Peak 187, Yukon 60°18′23″N 141°0′7″W/60.30639°N 141.00194°W/ 60.30639; -141.00194(Boundary Peak 187)

Highest points

Mount Logan Yukon 60°34′33″N 140°24′10″W/60.57583°N 140.40278°W/ 60.57583; -140.40278(Mount Logan) — highest Canadian summit at 5,959 m (19,551 ft)
Barbeau Peak, Ellesmere Island, Nunavut 81°54′30″N 75°1′30″W/81.90833°N 75.02500°W/ 81.90833; -75.02500(Barbeau Peak) — highest Canadian island summit and highest summit of the Canadian Arctic at 2,616 m (8,583 ft)

Lowest points

Coastline — Canada has no naturally occurring points of land below sea level[citation needed]
Great Slave Lake bottom, Northwest Territories 61°40′N 114°00′W/61.667°N 114.000°W/ 61.667; -114.000(Great Slave Lake) — lowest fresh water point of North America at −614 m (−2,014 feet)

Islands

Baffin Island, Nunavut 63°33′N 65°26′W/63.550°N 65.433°W/ 63.550; -65.433(Baffin Island) — most extensive Canadian island at 507,451 km2 (195,928 square miles)
Ellesmere Island, Nunavut 81°55′36″N 74°59′12″W/81.92667°N 74.98667°W/ 81.92667; -74.98667(Ellesmere Island) — tallest Canadian island at 2,616 m (8,583 ft)
Island of Newfoundland, Newfoundland and Labrador 49°N 56°W/49°N 56°W/ 49; -56(Island of Newfoundland) — most extensive Canadian Atlantic island at 108,860 km2 (42,031 square miles)
Vancouver Island, British Columbia 49°30′N 125°30′W/49.500°N 125.500°W/ 49.500; -125.500(Vancouver Island) — most extensive Canadian Pacific island at 31,285 km2 (12,079 square miles)
Manitoulin Island in Lake Huron, Ontario 45°46′N 82°12′W/45.767°N 82.200°W/ 45.767; -82.200(Manitoulin Island) — most extensive lake island on Earth at 2,766 km2 (1,068 square miles)

Lakes

Lake Superior, Ontario 47°45′N 87°30′W/47.750°N 87.500°W/ 47.750; -87.500(Lake Superior) — most voluminous lake of Western Hemisphere at 11,600 km3 (2,800 cubic miles)
Great Slave Lake, Northwest Territories 61°40′N 114°00′W/61.667°N 114.000°W/ 61.667; -114.000(Great Slave Lake) — deepest lake of Western Hemisphere at 614 m (2,014 ft)
Lake Michigan–Huron, Ontario 45°49′N 84°45′W/45.817°N 84.750°W/ 45.817; -84.750(Lake Michigan–Huron) — by some considerations the most extensive lake of Western Hemisphere and the most extensive freshwater lake on Earth at 117,400 km2 (45,300 sq mi)
Nettilling Lake on Baffin Island, Nunavut 66°30′N 70°50′W/66.500°N 70.833°W/ 66.500; -70.833(Nettilling Lake) — most extensive lake on an island on Earth at 5,066 km2 (1,956 square miles)
Lake Manitou on Manitoulin Island in Lake Huron, Ontario 45°46′42″N 81°59′30″W/45.77833°N 81.99167°W/ 45.77833; -81.99167(Lake Manitou) — most extensive lake on an island in a lake on Earth at 104 km2 (40 square miles)
Upper Dumbell Lake on Ellesmere Island Nunavut 82°28′N 062°30′W/82.467°N 62.500°W/ 82.467; -62.500(Upper Dumbell Lake) — most northern lake, there are more northern lakes but they are all unnamed and are only shown on detailed maps.

Rivers

Yukon River, British Columbia, Yukon, and Alaska 62°35′55″N 164°47′40″W/62.59861°N 164.79444°W/ 62.59861; -164.79444(Yukon River) — longest Bering Sea main stem river at 3,185 km (1,979 miles)
Nelson River, Manitoba 57°5′5″N 92°30′8″W/57.08472°N 92.50222°W/ 57.08472; -92.50222(Nelson River) — longest Hudson Bay main stem river at 2,575 km (1,600 miles)
Columbia River, British Columbia 46°14′39″N 124°3′29″W/46.24417°N 124.05806°W/ 46.24417; -124.05806(Columbia River) — longest Canadian Pacific Ocean main stem river at 2,000 km (1,243 miles)
Mackenzie River, Northwest Territories 68°56′23″N 136°10′22″W/68.93972°N 136.17278°W/ 68.93972; -136.17278(Mackenzie River) — longest Canadian Arctic Ocean main stem river at 1,738 km (1,080 miles)
Saint Lawrence River, Ontario and Quebec 49°40′N 64°30′W/49.667°N 64.500°W/ 49.667; -64.500(Saint Lawrence River) — longest Canadian Atlantic Ocean main stem river at 965 km (600 miles)

Extreme distances

Greatest driving distance between any two points via the Canadian road network (including the Trans-Canada Highway Ferry): 9262 km from L'Anse Aux Meadows, Newfoundland and Labrador to Tuktoyatuk, Northwest Territories.
Greatest driving distance between any two points via the Canadian road network (excluding the Trans-Canada Highway Ferry): 9156 km from Old Fort, Quebec to Tuktoyatuk, Northwest Territories.