Glockner Group
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The Glockner Group (German:Glocknergruppe) is a sub-group of the Austrian Central Alps in the Eastern Alps, and is located in the centre section of the High Tauern on the main chain of the Alps.
The Glockner Group lies in Austria in the federal states of Salzburg, Tyrol and Carinthia. The three states meet at a tripoint on the summit of the Eiskögele (3,436m(AA)).
The highest summit of the Glockner Group and also the highest peak in Austria is the Großglockner (3,798mabove sea level (AA)), which gives the mountain group its name. Considerable portions of the Glockner Group belong to the core zone of the High Tauern National Park. Also found in the Glockner Group is the Pasterze, the largest glacier in Austria.
Boundaries
The boundaries of the Glockner Group are defined as follows: the River Salzach from Uttendorf to Taxenbach; the Rauriser Tal to Wörth; Seidlwinkltal; Hochtor (Großglockner High Alpine Road); Tauernbach; Möll to its confluence with the Moosbach; Moosbach; Peischlachtörl; Peischlachbach; Kals am Großglockner; Kalser Bach; Dorfertal; Dorfersee; Kalser Tauern; Weißsee; Weißenbach; Grünsee; Enzingerboden; Stubachtal; Uttendorf.
Together with the Ankogel Group, the Goldberg Group, the Schober Group, the Kreuzeck Group, the Granatspitz Group, the Venediger Group, the Villgraten Mountains and the Rieserferner Group the Glockner Group forms the mountain range of the High Tauern.
Neighbouring ranges
The Glockner Group borders on the following ranges in the Alps:
- Kitzbühel Alps (to the northwest)
- Salzburg Slate Alps (to the northeast)
- Goldberg Group (to the east)
- Schober Group (to the south)
- Granatspitze Group (to the west)
Peaks
The named three-thousanders in the Glockner Group:
- Großglockner, 3,798mabove sea level (AA)
- Kleinglockner, 3,770mabove sea level (AA)
- Glocknerwand, 3,721mabove sea level (AA)
- Teufelshorn, 3,680mabove sea level (AA)
- Großes Wiesbachhorn, 3,564mabove sea level (AA)
- Romariswandköpfe, 3,511mabove sea level (AA)
- Teufelskamp, 3,511mabove sea level (AA)
- Schneewinkelkopf, 3,476mabove sea level (AA)
- Johannisberg, 3,453mabove sea level (AA)
- Eiskögele, 3,426mabove sea level (AA)
- Klockerin, 3,425mabove sea level (AA)
- Hinterer Bratschenkopf, 3,413mabove sea level (AA)
- Vorderer Bratschenkopf, 3,401mabove sea level (AA)
- Großer Bärenkopf, 3,396mabove sea level (AA)
- Hoher Tenn, 3,360mabove sea level (AA)
- Mittlerer Bärenkopf, 3,358mabove sea level (AA)
- Hohe Dock, 3,348mabove sea level (AA)
- Hohe Riffl, 3,338mabove sea level (AA)
- Fuscherkarkopf, 3,331mabove sea level (AA)
- Schneespitze, 3,317mabove sea level (AA)
- Hohenwartkopf, 3,308mabove sea level (AA)
- Kleines Wiesbachhorn, 3,283mabove sea level (AA)
- Sinwelleck, 3,281mabove sea level (AA)
- Gramul, 3,276mabove sea level (AA)
- Vorderer Bärenkopf, 3,249mabove sea level (AA)
- Schwerteck, 3,247mabove sea level (AA)
- Kellerskopf, 3,239mabove sea level (AA)
- Luisenkopf, 3,207mabove sea level (AA)
- Hocheiser, 3,206mabove sea level (AA)
- Kitzsteinhorn, 3,203mabove sea level (AA)
- Hoher Kasten, 3,189mabove sea level (AA)
- Schattseitköpfl, 3,182mabove sea level (AA)
- Oberer Fochezkopf, 3,159mabove sea level (AA)
- Kleiner Tenn, 3,158mabove sea level (AA)
- Gamsspitze, 3,157mabove sea level (AA)
- Breitkopf, 3,154mabove sea level (AA)
- Totenkopf, 3,151mabove sea level (AA)
- Bauernbrachkopf, 3,125mabove sea level (AA)
- Schwarzköpfl, 3,124mabove sea level (AA)
- Zwingkopf, 3,117mabove sea level (AA)
- Freiwandkasten, 3,114mabove sea level (AA)
- Schwertkopf, 3,099mabove sea level (AA)
- Racherin, 3,092mabove sea level (AA)
- Lange Wand, 3,087mabove sea level (AA)
- Grieskogel, 3,066mabove sea level (AA)
- Blaue Köpfe, 3,061mabove sea level (AA)
- Freiwandspitz, 3,034mabove sea level (AA)
- Wasserradkopf, 3,032mabove sea level (AA)
- Kreuzwandspitze, 3,031mabove sea level (AA)
- Spielmann, 3,027mabove sea level (AA)
- Zollspitze, 3,024mabove sea level (AA)
- Brennkogel, 3,018mabove sea level (AA)
- Rifflkarkopf, 3,016mabove sea level (AA)
- Kellerswand, 3,010mabove sea level (AA)
- Kristallspitzl, 3,005mabove sea level (AA)
Tourism
The region is well developed for tourism: The Großglockner High Alpine Road (and its branch to Franz Josefs Höhe), the road from Uttendorf to the Enzingerboden, the bus transfers to the reservoirs near Kaprun and the toll road from Kals am Großglockner to the Lucknerhaus enable cars and public transport to travel well into the mountains. A large number of Alpine huts offer accommodation for walkers and climbers:
- Glocknerhaus, 2,132mabove sea level (AA)
- Hofmanns Hut, 2,444mabove sea level (AA)
- Oberwalder Hut, 2,973mabove sea level (AA)
- Salm Hut, 2,644mabove sea level (AA)
- Schwarzenberg Hut, 2,267mabove sea level (AA)
- Ebmatten-Fürthermoaralm, 1,803mabove sea level (AA)
- Erzherzog Johann Hut, 3,454mabove sea level (AA)
- Gleiwitzer Hut, 2,172mabove sea level (AA)
- Glorer Hut, 2,642mabove sea level (AA)
- Heinrich Schwaiger Haus, 2,802mabove sea level (AA)
- Krefeld Hut, 2,295mabove sea level (AA)
- Stüdl Hut, 2,801mabove sea level (AA)
- Franz Josefs Haus, 2,363mabove sea level (AA)
- Fuschertörlhaus, 2,445mabove sea level (AA)
- Luckner Hut, 2,241mabove sea level (AA)
Power generation
The power industry in Austria and the Austrian Federal Railways use water from the Glockner Group to generate electricity at Kaprun, Franz Josefs Höhe (Margaritze Reservoir), and Enzingerboden (Weißsee, Tauernmoossee).
Climate
Enzingerboden is a weather station located in the upper valley of Stubachtal, on the northern slopes of the Glockner Group. It is located on the plateau of the same name at an elevation of 1,480 metres (4,860ft).
| Climate data for Enzingerboden: 1480m (1991−2020 normals, 1971−2000 snowfall) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 14.3 (57.7) | 14.8 (58.6) | 15.8 (60.4) | 20.1 (68.2) | 24.6 (76.3) | 30.3 (86.5) | 30.0 (86.0) | 29.9 (85.8) | 26.5 (79.7) | 22.7 (72.9) | 18.7 (65.7) | 14.1 (57.4) | 30.3 (86.5) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 0.5 (32.9) | 1.4 (34.5) | 4.5 (40.1) | 8.4 (47.1) | 12.3 (54.1) | 17.0 (62.6) | 18.2 (64.8) | 17.5 (63.5) | 13.9 (57.0) | 10.0 (50.0) | 4.9 (40.8) | 1.1 (34.0) | 9.1 (48.4) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −3.1 (26.4) | −2.7 (27.1) | 0.3 (32.5) | 4.1 (39.4) | 8.5 (47.3) | 12.1 (53.8) | 13.9 (57.0) | 13.8 (56.8) | 9.9 (49.8) | 6.2 (43.2) | 1.5 (34.7) | −2.2 (28.0) | 5.2 (41.3) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −6.3 (20.7) | −7.0 (19.4) | −3.7 (25.3) | −0.3 (31.5) | 3.6 (38.5) | 7.4 (45.3) | 8.7 (47.7) | 8.5 (47.3) | 5.5 (41.9) | 2.2 (36.0) | −1.7 (28.9) | −5.2 (22.6) | 1.0 (33.8) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −25.3 (−13.5) | −21.8 (−7.2) | −21.5 (−6.7) | −14.4 (6.1) | −6.5 (20.3) | −1.0 (30.2) | −0.1 (31.8) | −0.2 (31.6) | −3.1 (26.4) | −11.9 (10.6) | −16.0 (3.2) | −20.1 (−4.2) | −25.3 (−13.5) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 72.8 (2.87) | 65.9 (2.59) | 92.4 (3.64) | 108.8 (4.28) | 133.7 (5.26) | 179.7 (7.07) | 204.9 (8.07) | 186.5 (7.34) | 137.0 (5.39) | 120.5 (4.74) | 96.9 (3.81) | 82.4 (3.24) | 1,481.5 (58.3) |
| Average snowfall cm (inches) | 74.3 (29.3) | 74.0 (29.1) | 99.9 (39.3) | 74.4 (29.3) | 23.4 (9.2) | 1.8 (0.7) | 0.4 (0.2) | 0.3 (0.1) | 2.3 (0.9) | 28.4 (11.2) | 76.9 (30.3) | 85.4 (33.6) | 541.5 (213.2) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 11.4 | 10.1 | 12.7 | 12.8 | 14.7 | 16.6 | 17.2 | 16.3 | 13.1 | 11.6 | 11.2 | 12.1 | 159.8 |
| Average snowy days (≥ 1 cm) | 31.0 | 28.3 | 30.0 | 26.1 | 6.4 | 0.8 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 1.3 | 7.1 | 22.0 | 29.6 | 182.8 |
| Source: Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics |
Maps
- German Alpine Club: Alpine Club Map No. 40 Glocknergruppe. 9th ed., Munich, 2006, ISBN3-928777-87-4.
Sources
- Wolfgang Pusch: "Stau unterm Gipfelkreuz und Einsamkeit über den Wolken - alpine Möglichkeiten in der Glocknergruppe" in: Berg 2007 (Alpine Club Yearbook, Vol. 131) with Alpine Club map 40 of the Glocknergruppe, ISBN3-937530-15-0, pp.280–285.