Gobiguania is an extinct clade of iguanian lizards from the Late Cretaceous. All known gobiguanians are endemic to the Gobi Desert of Mongolia. Gobiguania was given a phylogenetic definition by Jack Conrad and Mark Norell in 2007 as all taxa more closely related to Anchaurosaurus gilmorei than to Iguana iguana (the green iguana), Crotaphytus collaris (the common collared lizard), or Agama agama (the common agama). According to Conrad and Norell's phylogenetic analysis, Gobiguania includes Anchaurosaurus as well as several other Late Cretaceous lizards such as Ctenomastax, Temujinia, Saichangurvel, and Zapsosaurus. A phylogenetic analysis published in 2012 indicated that three other lizard genera — Igua, Isodontosaurus, and Polrussia, all from Mongolia and all from the Late Cretaceous — are also gobiguanians. Below is a cladogram from the analysis:

IguaniaHoyalacerta sanziHuehuecuetzpalli mixtecusPristiguana brasiliensis ChamaeleontiformesPriscagamidae Acrodonta Iguanoidea (=Pleurodonta) Silvaiguana Hoplocercidae PolychrotidaeGobiguaniaPolrussia mongoliensisIgua minutaIsodontosaurus gracilisAnchaurosaurus gilmoreiZapsosaurus sceliphrosSaichangurvel davidsoniTemujinia ellisoniCtenomastax parva Euiguana Corytophanidae Terraiguana Iguanidae Crotaphytidae Phrynosomatidae OpluridaeUquiasaurus Liolaemidae Leiocephalus Tropiduridae
Hoyalacerta sanzi
Huehuecuetzpalli mixtecusPristiguana brasiliensis ChamaeleontiformesPriscagamidae Acrodonta Iguanoidea (=Pleurodonta) Silvaiguana Hoplocercidae PolychrotidaeGobiguaniaPolrussia mongoliensisIgua minutaIsodontosaurus gracilisAnchaurosaurus gilmoreiZapsosaurus sceliphrosSaichangurvel davidsoniTemujinia ellisoniCtenomastax parva Euiguana Corytophanidae Terraiguana Iguanidae Crotaphytidae Phrynosomatidae OpluridaeUquiasaurus Liolaemidae Leiocephalus Tropiduridae
Huehuecuetzpalli mixtecusPristiguana brasiliensis
Huehuecuetzpalli mixtecus
Pristiguana brasiliensis
ChamaeleontiformesPriscagamidae Acrodonta Iguanoidea (=Pleurodonta) Silvaiguana Hoplocercidae PolychrotidaeGobiguaniaPolrussia mongoliensisIgua minutaIsodontosaurus gracilisAnchaurosaurus gilmoreiZapsosaurus sceliphrosSaichangurvel davidsoniTemujinia ellisoniCtenomastax parva Euiguana Corytophanidae Terraiguana Iguanidae Crotaphytidae Phrynosomatidae OpluridaeUquiasaurus Liolaemidae Leiocephalus Tropiduridae
ChamaeleontiformesPriscagamidae Acrodonta
Priscagamidae
Acrodonta
Iguanoidea (=Pleurodonta)Silvaiguana Hoplocercidae PolychrotidaeGobiguaniaPolrussia mongoliensisIgua minutaIsodontosaurus gracilisAnchaurosaurus gilmoreiZapsosaurus sceliphrosSaichangurvel davidsoniTemujinia ellisoniCtenomastax parva Euiguana Corytophanidae Terraiguana Iguanidae Crotaphytidae Phrynosomatidae OpluridaeUquiasaurus Liolaemidae Leiocephalus Tropiduridae
Silvaiguana Hoplocercidae PolychrotidaeGobiguaniaPolrussia mongoliensisIgua minutaIsodontosaurus gracilisAnchaurosaurus gilmoreiZapsosaurus sceliphrosSaichangurvel davidsoniTemujinia ellisoniCtenomastax parva
SilvaiguanaHoplocercidae Polychrotidae
Hoplocercidae
Polychrotidae
GobiguaniaPolrussia mongoliensisIgua minutaIsodontosaurus gracilisAnchaurosaurus gilmoreiZapsosaurus sceliphrosSaichangurvel davidsoniTemujinia ellisoniCtenomastax parva
Polrussia mongoliensis
Igua minuta
Isodontosaurus gracilis
Anchaurosaurus gilmoreiZapsosaurus sceliphros
Anchaurosaurus gilmorei
Zapsosaurus sceliphros
Saichangurvel davidsoniTemujinia ellisoniCtenomastax parva
Saichangurvel davidsoni
Temujinia ellisoniCtenomastax parva
Temujinia ellisoni
Ctenomastax parva
EuiguanaCorytophanidae Terraiguana Iguanidae Crotaphytidae Phrynosomatidae OpluridaeUquiasaurus Liolaemidae Leiocephalus Tropiduridae
Corytophanidae
Terraiguana
Iguanidae Crotaphytidae Phrynosomatidae OpluridaeUquiasaurus Liolaemidae Leiocephalus Tropiduridae
Iguanidae Crotaphytidae
Iguanidae
Crotaphytidae
Phrynosomatidae OpluridaeUquiasaurus Liolaemidae Leiocephalus Tropiduridae
Phrynosomatidae
OpluridaeUquiasaurus Liolaemidae Leiocephalus Tropiduridae
Opluridae
Uquiasaurus Liolaemidae Leiocephalus Tropiduridae
Uquiasaurus
Liolaemidae Leiocephalus Tropiduridae
Liolaemidae
Leiocephalus Tropiduridae
Leiocephalus
Tropiduridae