Hamilton Quarry
Hamilton Quarry
Stratigraphic range : ~300–298 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Location
Coordinates 37°58′49″N 96°6′50″W/37.98028°N 96.11389°W/ 37.98028; -96.11389
Hamilton Quarry is a Late Carboniferous lagerstätte near Hamilton , Kansas , United States . It has a diverse assemblage of unusually well-preserved marine, euryhaline, freshwater, flying, and terrestrial fossils (invertebrates, vertebrates, and plants). The habitat of some of these faunal elements, as for anamniotic stegocephalians , is debated; although some of these have traditionally been interpreted as freshwater inhabitants, some may have been euryhaline . This extraordinary mix of fossils suggests it was once an estuary. This type of Lagerstätte is considered a Konservat-Lagerstätte (or conservation lagerstätte ), due to the quality the preservation of soft tissue (skin preservation).
The lagerstätte occurs within a paleovalley that was incised into the surrounding Carboniferous cyclothemic sequence during a time of low sea level and was then filled in during a subsequent transgression . The channel has a capping series of interbedded laminated limestones and mudstones for which are designated the Lagerstätte beds or ‘vertebrate horizon’. This facies contains a well-preserved mixed assemblage of terrestrial (conifers, insects, myriapods, reptiles), freshwater (ostracods), aquatic (amphibians, reptile), brackish or euryhaline (ostracods, eurypterids, microconchids , fish), and marine (brachiopods , echinoderms ) fossils.
Paleobiota According to thesis
Color key Taxon Reclassified taxon Taxon falsely reported as present Dubious taxon or junior synonym Ichnotaxon Ootaxon Morphotaxon Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; crossed out taxa are discredited.Taxon Reclassified taxon Taxon falsely reported as present Dubious taxon or junior synonym Ichnotaxon Ootaxon Morphotaxon
Vertebrates Vertebrates Genus Species Notes Images Orthacanthus O. platypternus Elasmobranch in order Xenacanthida .Expleuracanthus E. cf. E. parallelus Xenacanthus Indeterminate Hamiltonichthys H. mapesi A Hybodont elasmobranch. Petalodus Indeterminate A petalodont holocephalian . Acanthodes A. bridgei An acanthodiform acanthodian . Elonichthys Indeterminate A palaeonisciform actinopterygian . "Feroniscus " "F. hamiltoni "/"F. hamiltonensis " A palaeonisciform actinopterygian, nomen nudum (Only described in thesis). Gnathorhiza Indeterminate A lungfish . Sagenodus S. cf. copeanus Eoscopus E. lockardi An amphibamiform temnospondyl . Euconcordia E. cunninghami A captorhinid . Spinoaequalis S. schultzei An early semi-aquatic diapsid . Archaeovenator A. hamiltonensis A varanopid . Eocasea E. martini A caseid synapsid . Ianthasaurus I. cf. I. hardestii /hardestiorum An edaphosaurid synapsid. ?Lupeosaurus Indeterminate
Arthropods Arthropods Genus Species Notes Images Prothelyphonus Indeterminate A whip scorpion . Archaeoctonus A. cf. A. glaber A scorpion . Multiple papers misspelled as Archaeoctonous . Adelophthalmus A. cf. A. mazonensis An adelophthalmid eurypterid . Amphissites Indeterminate Ostracod .Geisina Gutschickia Bairdia Pseudobythocypris Carbonita Darwinula Paromylacris A roachoid . Oedischia An orthopteran . Meganeura Meganisopteran .Titanophasma Carrizopteryx A palaeodictyopteran .
Mollusks Mollusks Genus Species Notes Images Anthraconaia Indeterminate Myalinid bivalve . Myalinella M. meeki Permophorus Indeterminate A cardiid bivalve. Phestia Indeterminate A nuculanid bivalve. Schizodus Indeterminate A trigoniid bivalve. Bellerophon Indeterminate Bellerophontid gastropod.Euphemites Indeterminate
Other animals Other animals Genus Species Notes Images Streptognathodus Indeterminate An ozarkodinid conodont . Apographiocrinus A. cf. calycinus Dendrocrinid crinoid . Delocrinus D. cf. vulatus Plaxocrinus P. cf. crassidiscus Serpula Indeterminate Annelid in order Canalipalpata .Spirorbis Indeterminate Punctospirifer Indeterminate Spiriferid brachiopod .Neospirifer Indeterminate Juresania Indeterminate Productid brachiopod.Antiquatonia Indeterminate Kozlowskia Indeterminate Neochonetes Indeterminate
Lycophytes and ferns Lycophytes and ferns Genus Species Notes Images Sigillaria S. brardii A tree-like lycophyte . Asterophyllites A. equisetiformis , A. longiformis Equisetid fern.Annularia A. mucronata Paleostachya P. sp.
Seed ferns Seed ferns Genus Species Notes Images Sphenopteris S. cf. S. germanica A seed fern . "Callipteris " C. conferta , C. flabellifora , C. scheibei A seed fern in order Peltaspermales . Cyclopteris Indeterminate Seed plant in order Medullosales . Neuropteris N. sp. (two species)Odontopteris Indeterminate Trigonocarpus Indeterminate A seed fern seed.
Gymnosperms Gymnosperms Genus Species Notes Images Cordaites C. principalis Gymnosperm in order Cordaitales . Cordaianthus C. cf. pitcairniae Samaropsis S. fluitans Emporia E. cryptica , E. lockardii , E. royalii Conifer in order Voltziales . Hanskerpia H. hamiltonensis Barthelia B. furcata Gomphostrobus Indeterminate Conifer in order Voltziales, stem and leaf. Walchia W. hypnoides , W. piniformis , W. schneideri Conifer in order Voltziales, leaves. Walchianathus Indeterminate Conifer in order Voltziales, male cone. Walchiastrobus Indeterminate Conifer in order Voltziales, female cone.
Spores and Pollen Gymnosperms Genus Species Notes Images Leiotriletes L. sp.Spore microfossils . Calamospora C. sp.Triletes T. sp.Acanthoriletes A. teretriangulatus Nuskoisporites N. trianguloris Pollen microfossils. Potoniesporites P. gtranulatus , P. neglectus Sulcatisporites S. splendens , S. sp.Protohaploxypinus P. samoilocichii Striatopodocarpites S. sp (Two species)Hamiapollenites H. perisporites , H. succatus Striatoabitites S. multistriatus , S. sp.Alisporites A. indarraensis , A. gracilis , A. nuthalensis Falcisporites F. zapfei Limitisporites L. sp.Lueckisporites L. vickkiae Striatites S. splendens Vittatina V. cf. V. subsuccata , V. cf. V. verrucosa
Fuslinids Fuslinids Genus Species Notes Images Globivalvulina Indeterminate Fusulinid in family Biseriamminidae.Dunbarinella D. ervinensis Fusulinid in family Schwagerinidae . Triticites T. cullomensis , T. plummeri , T. ventricosus
External links Hamilton Quarry is managed by the at Emporia State University . The Surficial Geology of the Hamilton Quarry Area , Kansas Geological Survey (KGS) .