Hanunoo language
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Hanunoo, or Hanunó'o (IPA: [hanunuʔɔ]), is a language spoken by Mangyans in the island of Mindoro, Philippines. It is written in the Hanunoo script.
Geographic distribution
Hanunoo is spoken in the following locations according to Barbian (1977):
- Barrio Tugtugin, San Jose, Occidental Mindoro
- Naluak, Magsaysay, Occidental Mindoro (on the upper Caguray River)
- Bamban, Magsaysay, Occidental Mindoro (also with Ratagnon and Bisayan residents)
- Barrio Panaytayan, Mansalay, Oriental Mindoro (about 5 km (3.1 mi) from the highway in the mountains southwest of Mansalay)
Phonology
Consonants
Hanunoo has 16 consonant phonemes.
| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | voiceless | p ⟨p⟩ | t ⟨t⟩ | k ⟨k⟩ | ʔ | |
| voiced | b ⟨b⟩ | d ⟨d⟩ | ɡ ⟨g⟩ | |||
| Nasal | m ⟨m⟩ | n ⟨n⟩ | ŋ ⟨ng⟩ | |||
| Fricative | s ⟨s⟩ | h ⟨h⟩ | ||||
| Trill | r ⟨r⟩ | |||||
| Lateral | l ⟨l⟩ | |||||
| Approximant | w ⟨w⟩ | j ⟨y⟩ |
Vowels
- /ai/ can be heard as [əɪ] within closed syllables.
- /u/ can be heard as [o] within word-final syllables.
- /i/ can be heard as an open-mid [ɛ] among some speakers in certain words.
Diphthongs
Hanunoo also has four diphthongs: /ai̯/, /au̯/, /iu̯/, and /ui̯/.
Bibliography
- Epo, Yrrah Jane S. (2014). (MA thesis). Payap University. CiteSeerX .
Further reading
- Conklin, Harold (1949). A Brief Description of Hanunoo Morphology and Syntax. Berkeley: University of California Press.
- Conklin, Harold C. (1953). Hanunóo-English Vocabulary. University of California Publications in Linguistics. Vol. 9. Berkeley: University of California Press. OCLC .
External links
- 2016-10-07 at the Wayback Machine, Mangyan Heritage Center. (About the people.)