Hanunoo, or Hanunó'o (IPA: [hanunuʔɔ]), is a language spoken by Mangyans in the island of Mindoro, Philippines. It is written in the Hanunoo script.

Geographic distribution

Hanunoo is spoken in the following locations according to Barbian (1977):

Phonology

Consonants

Hanunoo has 16 consonant phonemes.

Consonants
LabialAlveolarPalatalVelarGlottal
Plosivevoicelessp ⟨p⟩t ⟨t⟩k ⟨k⟩ʔ
voicedb ⟨b⟩d ⟨d⟩ɡ ⟨g⟩
Nasalm ⟨m⟩n ⟨n⟩ŋ ⟨ng⟩
Fricatives ⟨s⟩h ⟨h⟩
Trillr ⟨r⟩
Laterall ⟨l⟩
Approximantw ⟨w⟩j ⟨y⟩

Vowels

Vowels
FrontCentralBack
Closei ⟨i⟩u ⟨u⟩
Mid(ə)
Opena ⟨a⟩
  • /ai/ can be heard as [əɪ] within closed syllables.
  • /u/ can be heard as [o] within word-final syllables.
  • /i/ can be heard as an open-mid [ɛ] among some speakers in certain words.

Diphthongs

Hanunoo also has four diphthongs: /ai̯/, /au̯/, /iu̯/, and /ui̯/.

Bibliography

  • Epo, Yrrah Jane S. (2014). (MA thesis). Payap University. CiteSeerX .

Further reading

  • Conklin, Harold (1949). A Brief Description of Hanunoo Morphology and Syntax. Berkeley: University of California Press.
  • Conklin, Harold C. (1953). Hanunóo-English Vocabulary. University of California Publications in Linguistics. Vol. 9. Berkeley: University of California Press. OCLC .

External links

  • 2016-10-07 at the Wayback Machine, Mangyan Heritage Center. (About the people.)