Interstate 110 and California State Route 110

Route110, consisting of State Route110 (SR110) and Interstate110 (I-110), is a state and auxiliary Interstate Highway in the Los Angeles metropolitan area of the US state of California. The entire route connects San Pedro and the Port of Los Angeles with Downtown Los Angeles and Pasadena. The southern segment from San Pedro to I-10 in downtown Los Angeles is signed as I-110, while the northern segment to Pasadena is signed as SR110. The entire length of I-110, as well as SR110 south of the Four Level Interchange with US Route101 (US101), is the Harbor Freeway, and SR110 north from US101 to Pasadena is the historic Arroyo Seco Parkway, the first freeway in the western United States.

Route description

Route110 is defined as follows in section 410, subdivision (a), of the California Streets and Highways Code:

Route 110 is from Route 47 in San Pedro to Glenarm Street in Pasadena.

Following its renumbering from Route 11, Route 110 was originally defined as "from San Pedro to Colorado Boulevard in Pasadena." Control of the conventional highway portions of the route were relinquished to the cities of Pasadena and Los Angeles in 2000 and 2009 respectively. However, section 410, subdivision (b) further mandates that those cities with those relinquished former portions must still "maintain within their respective jurisdictions signs directing motorists to the continuation of Route 110".

Only the southern 20.34-mile (32.73km) segment of Route110 is considered an Interstate Highway according to the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)'s route logs.

Route110 is part of the California Freeway and Expressway System, and is part of the National Highway System, a network of highways that are considered essential to the country's economy, defense, and mobility by the Federal Highway Administration.

• Entering Interstate 110 in Harbor Gateway, Los Angeles
• The Harbor Freeway is often heavily congested at rush hour.
• Entrance to the Harbor Freeway in Downtown Los Angeles
• The Harbor Freeway southbound entering "The Slot" after emerging from the "4-level"

Harbor Freeway

The Harbor Freeway, signed as I-110, begins at Gaffey Street in San Pedro, where it then travels mostly due north to the Santa Monica Freeway (I-10) at a point south of downtown Los Angeles, where it becomes signed as SR110. I-110 is primarily within the city limits of Los Angeles, running right along the South Los Angeles region and the Harbor Gateway, a two-mile (3.2km) wide north–south corridor that was annexed by the city of Los Angeles specifically to connect San Pedro, Wilmington, and the Port of Los Angeles with the rest the city.

North of I-10, the freeway continues as SR110 through Downtown Los Angeles to its junction with US101 at the Four Level Interchange.

The Harbor Freeway, along with the Long Beach Freeway (I-710), are the principal means for freight from the Port of Los Angeles to railyards and warehouses further inland. Its interchange with the Santa Monica Freeway is notoriously busy and congested, and the portions bordering Bunker Hill in northwest Downtown Los Angeles are choked with traffic at peak travel times.

Landmarks

Notable landmarks and attractions near the Harbor Freeway include the Los Angeles Harbor College, California State University, Dominguez Hills, Watts Towers, Exposition Park (including the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum, the BMO Stadium and the Lucas Museum of Narrative Art), the University of Southern California, Crypto.com Arena, L.A. Live, Los Angeles Convention Center, the skyline of Downtown Los Angeles; and Chinatown.

The Harbor Freeway is noted for its elaborate high-occupancy toll lane feature, with the HOT lanes elevated above the rest of traffic in many areas, constructed in 1994 by C.C. Myers, Inc. as HOV lanes and converted to HOT lanes in 2012. Of particular note is the Judge Harry Pregerson Interchange, which contains the most elaborate network of direct HOV/HOT connectors in Los Angeles County. It includes a seven-story ramp that connects the Century Freeway's HOV lanes to the Harbor Freeway's northbound HOT lanes and offers splendid views of the entire Los Angeles Basin and the San Gabriel Mountains. The interchange with SR91 (formally known as the Edmond J. Russ Interchange) is also fairly large.

Arroyo Seco Parkway

SR110 continues north as the Arroyo Seco Parkway from US101 to Pasadena. From downtown, it passes through Elysian Park, where the northbound lanes pass through the four Figueroa Street Tunnels and the higher southbound lanes pass through a cut and over low areas on bridges. Then after crossing the Los Angeles River and the Golden State Freeway (I-5), the parkway runs alongside the Arroyo Seco seasonal river towards Pasadena.

Harbor Transitway

The Harbor Transitway is a grade-separated, shared-use express bus and high-occupancy toll (HOT) corridor, running in the median of I-110, between SR91 (Gardena Freeway) and Adams Boulevard in the south side of Downtown Los Angeles. The southern end of the HOT lanes also includes dedicated ramps connecting to the Harbor Gateway Transit Center.

As of January2026[update], the high-occupancy toll (HOT) lanes are a 24/7 service. Solo drivers are tolled using a congestion pricing system based on the real-time levels of traffic. Carpools with two or more people and motorcycles are not charged. All tolls are collected using an open road tolling system, and therefore there are no toll booths to receive cash. Each vehicle using the HOT lanes is required to carry a FasTrak Flex transponder with its switch set to indicate the number of the vehicle's occupants (1, 2, or 3+). Solo drivers may also use the FasTrak standard tag without the switch. Drivers without any FasTrak tag will be assessed a toll violation regardless of whether they qualified for free.

History

In the 1924 Major Street Traffic Plan for Los Angeles, a widening of Figueroa Street to San Pedro as a good road to the Port of Los Angeles was proposed. Progress was slow, and, in 1933, the state legislature added the entire length to the state highway system as Route165, an unsigned designation. This route not only extended from San Pedro north to Los Angeles, but continued through the city-built Figueroa Street Tunnels and along the northern extension of Figueroa Street to Eagle Rock, and then followed Linda Vista Avenue (via an overlap on Route161 (SR134) over the Colorado Street Bridge) to Route9 (now I-210) at the Devil's Gate Reservoir. The entire length of Route165 became Sign Route11 in 1934. US Route6 was also assigned to the portion between SR1 and Avenue26 in 1937, and, at about the same time, US66 was moved from Eagle Rock Boulevard to Figueroa Street, overlapping SR11 between Sunset Boulevard (US101) and Colorado Street (SR134).

The state completed the Arroyo Seco Parkway which had been added to the state highway system in 1935 as Route205, in early 1941, providing a faster route between SR11 at Avenue26 and Pasadena. US66 was moved to the new route, while SR11 remained on Figueroa Street and Linda Vista Avenue, the former also becoming a new US Route66 Alternate. Construction of a freeway to San Pedro was much slower, despite having been in the earliest plans for an integrated system. Initially, the Harbor Parkway was to split at the merge with the Venice Parkway northeast of the University of Southern California, with the East By-Pass and West By-Pass straddling the Los Angeles Central Business District and rejoining at the split between the Arroyo Seco Parkway and Riverside Parkway south of Dodger Stadium. The West By-Pass was soon incorporated into the Harbor Parkway, and the first short piece, by then renamed the Harbor Freeway, opened on July30, 1952, from the Four Level Interchange south to 3rdStreet. (The Arroyo Seco Parkway was completed to the Four Level Interchange on September22, 1953, and renamed the Pasadena Freeway on November16, 1954.)

The Harbor Freeway gradually pushed south, opening to Olympic Boulevard on March23, 1954, and Washington Boulevard on May14, 1954. On March27, 1956, the highway was extended to 42ndStreet, and on April24, 1957, it reached temporary ramps at 88thPlace. Further extensions were made to Century Boulevard on July31, 1958, 124thStreet on September24, 1958, Alondra Boulevard (which the county widened to carry the load) on May2, 1960, 190thStreet on July15, 1960, Torrance Boulevard on August28, 1962, and finally Pacific Coast Highway (SR1) on September26, 1962. There it connected with a section that had been open since June19, 1956, from Pacific Coast Highway south to Channel Street. Along with the Vincent Thomas Bridge to Terminal Island, the final piece in San Pedro opened on July9, 1970, completing the Harbor Freeway to its present length.

In December1978, the Harbor Freeway was approved as an Interstate Highway by the FHWA. In 1981, the SR11 designation was renumbered as I-110 on the Harbor Freeway, and SR110 on the Pasadena Freeway. The I-110 designation had been previously applied to what is now a spur of I-10 from 1958 to 1968.

Richard Ankrom signage

In 2001, Richard Ankrom, a local artist who got lost trying to get onto I-5 North from northbound SR110 because there was no clear official signage labeling access to I-5 North, solved his frustration by covertly modifying one of the overhead signs on the freeway just before the Four Level Interchange (34°03′21″N 118°15′22″W/34.055759°N 118.256181°W/ 34.055759; -118.256181). Using official government sign specifications, Ankrom fabricated two sign pieces, one being an I-5 marker shield and the other with the word "NORTH", and affixed them to the left side of the sign. He performed his modifications in broad daylight, disguised as a Caltrans worker. In that district, Caltrans has three sign crews, each thinking one of the other two crews did the installation. After nine months, at Ankrom's request, the Los Angeles Downtown News broke the story.

Prior to Ankrom's work, the only signage directing motorists to the I-5 North off-ramp came at a quarter-mile (0.4 km) before the exit, thus forcing many to merge across multiple lanes in a very short distance. The signs were inspected by Caltrans to ensure they would not fall off onto the road below. Ankrom was never charged, despite statements from officials that his actions were illegal. Ankrom referred to his sign project as "Guerilla Public Service".

Caltrans later added an additional "5 North" sign over the left northbound lane at the entrance to the Figueroa Street Tunnels, as well as new electric signage, which will note when an additional lane is available for those wishing to transition to northbound I-5 (converting the current single lane transition to dual lanes).[citation needed]

In 2009, Caltrans replaced all signage along this segment with newer, more reflective versions. These new signs include Ankrom's original improvements.

Preservation

Despite the increased traffic in Los Angeles, including trucks shipping products from the Port of Los Angeles in San Pedro, there are no plans to upgrade the rest of I-110 from I-10 to Pasadena to Interstate standards. Instead, Caltrans has pushed for a protected status alternative to preserve the Arroyo Seco Parkway as a historic landmark. The state legislature designated the original section, north of the Figueroa Street Viaduct, as a "California Historic Parkway" (part of the State Scenic Highway System reserved for freeways built before 1945) in 1993; the only other highway so designated is the Cabrillo Freeway (SR163) in San Diego. The American Society of Civil Engineers named it a National Historic Civil Engineering Landmark in 1999, and it became a National Scenic Byway in 2002.

Exit list

The entire route is in Los Angeles County.

See also

• California Roadsportal
• Greater Los Angelesportal

External links

• – includes toll information on the I-110 Express Lanes
• August 16, 2013, at the Wayback Machine