List of heads of state of Chad
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The president of Chad (Arabic: رئيس جمهورية تشاد, romanized:rayiys jumhuriat tshad, French: Président de la République du Tchad) is the head of state of Chad, and the commander-in-chief of the Chadian National Army. The presidency is the highest executive position in the country. The president is directly elected for a double five-year term.
A total of seven people have served as head of state of Chad (not counting two Interim Heads of State). Additionally, one person, Goukouni Oueddei, has served on two non-consecutive occasions.
The current head of state is President Mahamat Déby, who was inaugurated on 23 May 2024 following the 2024 presidential election. Prior to that, Déby has served as transitional president from 2022, and Chad's de facto head of state as president of the Transitional Military Council from 2021, after his father, the previous president Idriss Déby, was killed in the Northern Chad offensive.
Term limits
In 2018, the new Constitution of Chad reinstated two-term limits for the president. It also changed the length of the term from five years to six years. However, in 2023, a constitutional referendum was held which changed the length of the term from six years back to five years and which also lowered the minimum age for the presidency from 40 down to 35.
Titles
- 1960–1962: Head of State
- 1962–1975: President of the Republic
- 1975: Chairman of the Supreme Military Council
- 1975–1978: Head of State
- 1978–1979: President of the Republic
- 1979: Chairman of the Provisional Council of State
- 1979: President of the Transitional Government of National Unity
- 1979: Chairman of the Provisional Administrative Committee
- 1979–1982: President of the Transitional Government of National Unity
- 1982: Chairman of the Command Council of the Armed Forces of the North
- 1982: Chairman of the Council of State
- 1982–1990: President of the Republic
- 1990: President of the Patriotic Salvation Movement
- 1990–1991: President of the Council of State
- 1991–2021: President of the Republic
- 2021–2022: President of the Transitional Military Council
- 2022–2024: Transitional President of the Republic
- 2024–present: President of the Republic
List of officeholders
Political parties
Other factions
Status
Symbols
C Constitutional referendum
| No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) | Elected | Term of office | Political party | Prime minister(s) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | Time in office | |||||||
| 1 | François Tombalbaye (1918–1975) | 1962 1969 | 11 August 1960 | 13 April 1975 (Assassinated in a coup) | 14 years, 245 days | PPT until 1973 renamed to MNRCS | Position not established | ||
| – | Noël Milarew Odingar (1932–2007) | — | 13 April 1975 | 15 April 1975 | 2 days | Military | Position not established | ||
| 2 | Félix Malloum (1932–2009) | — | 15 April 1975 | 23 March 1979 (Resigned) | 3 years, 342 days | Military | Habré | ||
| – | Goukouni Oueddei (born 1944) | — | 23 March 1979 | 29 April 1979 | 37 days | FROLINAT–FAP | Position vacant | ||
| 3 | Lol Mahamat Choua (1939–2019) | — | 29 April 1979 | 3 September 1979 | 127 days | MPLT | Position vacant | ||
| 4 | Goukouni Oueddei (born 1944) | — | 3 September 1979 | 7 June 1982 (Deposed in a coup) | 2 years, 277 days | FROLINAT–FAP | Ngardoum (from 19 May 1982) | ||
| 5 | Hissène Habré (1942–2021) | 1989[C] | 7 June 1982 | 2 December 1990 (Deposed in a coup) | 8 years, 178 days | FAN / UNIR | Ngardoum (until 19 June 1982) | ||
| – | Idriss Déby (1952–2021) | — | 2 December 1990 | 28 February 1991 | 88 days | Military / MPS | Position abolished | ||
| 6 | 1996 2001 2006 2011 2016 2021 | 28 February 1991 | 20 April 2021 (Killed in action) | 30 years, 51 days | Bawoyeu Yodoyman Moungar Koumakoye Djimasta Ouaido Yamassoum Kabadi Faki Yoadimnadji Younousmi Koumakoye Abbas Nadingar Dadnadji Deubet Padacké | ||||
| – | Mahamat Déby (born 1984) | — | 20 April 2021 | 23 May 2024 | 3 years, 33 days | Military / MPS | Padacké Kebzabo Masra Halina | ||
| 7 | 2024 | 23 May 2024 | Incumbent | 1 year, 329 days |
Timeline
Latest election
| Candidate | Party | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mahamat Déby | Patriotic Salvation Movement | 3,777,279 | 61.00 | |
| Succès Masra | Les Transformateurs | 1,148,245 | 18.54 | |
| Albert Pahimi Padacké | National Rally for Democracy in Chad | 1,048,015 | 16.93 | |
| Lydie Beassemda | Party for Integral Democracy and Independence | 59,632 | 0.96 | |
| Théophile Bongoro[fr] | Party for Rally and Equity in Chad | 46,784 | 0.76 | |
| Alladoum Djarma[ha] | Chadian Socialist Action for Renewal | 33,765 | 0.55 | |
| Brice Guedmbaye[ha] | Movement of Patriotic Chadians for the Republic | 27,848 | 0.45 | |
| Yacine Abdramane Sakine[fr] | Reformist Party[fr] | 22,328 | 0.36 | |
| Mansiri Lopsikréo[fr] | Les Élites | 15,147 | 0.24 | |
| Nasra Djimasngar[fr] | A New Day | 12,738 | 0.21 | |
| Total | 6,191,781 | 100.00 | ||
| Valid votes | 6,191,781 | 99.62 | ||
| Invalid/blank votes | 23,463 | 0.38 | ||
| Total votes | 6,215,244 | 100.00 | ||
| Registered voters/turnout | 8,202,207 | 75.78 | ||
| Source: |
See also
- Politics of Chad
- List of prime ministers of Chad
- Vice President of Chad
- History of Chad
- List of colonial governors of Chad