House of Lara

The House of Lara (Spanish: Casa de Lara) is a noble family from the medieval Kingdom of Castile. Two of its branches, one of the Dukes of Nájera and one of the Marquises of Aguilar de Campoo were considered Grandees of Spain. The Lara family gained numerous territories in Castile, León, Andalucía, and Galicia and members of the family moved throughout the former Spanish colonies, establishing branches as far away as the Philippines and Argentina.

The House of Lara were most prominent in the history of Castile and León from the 11th to the 14th century. Álvaro Núñez de Lara served as regent for Henry I of Castile. They were dispossessed of much of their land by Peter the Cruel, but most was returned by Henry II.

History

The family arose in 11th century Castile through a marriage that united the paternal lands around Lara de los Infantes belonging to Gonzalo Núñez with the inheritance of his wife, Goto Núñez, representing the holdings of the noble Álvarez and Alfonso families. By the 13th century, the Lara family origin had been linked to the protagonists in the epic Cantar de los Siete Infantes de Lara (Song of the Seven Lara Princes), a 10th-century tale of revenge set around the lands subsequently held by the Lara family, but there is no evidence that the tale reflected historical events and the names in the legend cannot be matched with the family's known ancestry.

From the 12th through 15th centuries, members of the Lara family found themselves at different times either supporting of or opposing their monarch. In 1113, Pedro González de Lara supported Queen Urraca of Castile in her struggles against her former husband, Alfonso I of Aragon. Pedro and his brother, Rodrigo, also confronted her son Alfonso VII in 1130. Rodrigo later helped Alfonso counter the rise of the Almoravids. Manrique Pérez de Lara, Álvar Pérez and Nuño Pérez de Lara disputed the regency of Alfonso VIII, and Fernando Núñez de Lara was Alfonso's alférez. Álvaro Núñez de Lara became regent of Henry I. Nuño González de Lara served Ferdinand III and Alfonso X, but in 1270 led an alliance of nobles against the same king. Juan Núñez I de Lara el Gordo, Señor de Albarracín, opposed the enthronement of Sancho IV, and had to temporarily flee to France. Juan Núñez II de Lara headed various rebellions against Alfonso XI. Ultimately, the family suffered greatly after the victory of King Peter against his usurping half-brother, Henry II.

The Manrique de Lara

The only branch of the family to survive the Middle Ages were the Manrique de Lara, who supported the Catholic Monarchs in their war against the supporters of the contender Joanna la Beltraneja, Queen consort of Portugal and former Princess of Asturias.

In 1520, Emperor Charles V raised this collateral line of the House of Lara to the position of Grandee, as Dukes of Nájera and Marquises of Aguilar de Campoo. Members of the family were to serve the crown as viceroys, captain generals, ambassadors and cardinals. María Luisa Manrique de Lara y Gonzaga, Vicereine of New Spain and patron of Juana Inés de la Cruz, matrilineally descends from this branch of the family.

The first Count of Paredes de Nava became Master of the Order of Santiago. The authors Gómez Manrique and Jorge Manrique belong to this branch of the Lara.

The original coat of arms is supposed to represent two cauldrons, which represent the ability of the family to sustain many followers.

Family tree

Bibliography

• Doubleday, Simon R. (2004). Los Lara. Nobleza y monarquía en la España Medieval (in Spanish). Madrid: Turner Publicaciones, S.L. y C.S.I.C. ISBN84-7506-650-X.
• Estepa Díez, Carlos (2007). "Castilla de Condado a Reino". Alfonso VI y su época I. Los precedentes del reinado (966-1065) (in Spanish). E. Fernández González and J. Pérez Gil (Coord.). León: Universidad de León. Secretariado de Publicaciones. pp.37–67. ISBN978-84-9773-339-7.
• Estepa Díez, Carlos (2006). . Studia histórica. Historia medieval. No.24. Salamanca: Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca. pp.15–86. ISSN.[permanent dead link]
• Martínez Díez, Gonzalo (1997). El Monasterio de Fresdelval, el Castillo de Sotopalacios y la Merindad y Valle de Ubierna. Burgos: Caja de Burgos, Área de Cultura. ISBN84-87152-39-2.
• Menéndez Pidal de Navascués, Faustino (1984). "Los sellos de los señores de Molina". Anuario de Estudios Medievales. No.14. pp.101–120. ISSN.
• Salazar y Castro, Luis de (1696). (in Spanish). Vol.I. Madrid: Mateo Llanos y Guzmán.
• Salazar y Castro, Luis de (1697a). (in Spanish). Vol.II. Madrid: Mateo Llanos y Guzmán.
• Salazar y Castro, Luis de (1697b). (in Spanish). Vol.III. Madrid: Mateo Llanos y Guzmán.
• Salazar y Castro, Luis de (1694). (in Spanish). Madrid: Mateo Llanos y Guzmán. OCLC.
• Sánchez de Mora, Antonio (1998). . Medievalismo: Boletín de la Sociedad Española de Estudios Medievales (in Spanish). No.8. pp.35–64. ISSN.[permanent dead link]