James H. Fowler (born February 18, 1970) is an American social scientist specializing in social networks, cooperation, political participation, and genopolitics (the study of the genetic basis of political behavior). He is currently Professor of Medical Genetics in the School of Medicine and Professor of Political Science in the Division of Social Science at the University of California, San Diego. He was named a 2010 Fellow of the John Simon Guggenheim Foundation.

Background

Fowler earned a bachelor's degree from Harvard College in 1992, a master's degree in International Relations from Yale University in 1997, and a Ph.D. in Government from the Harvard University in 2003. He was also a Peace Corps volunteer in Ecuador from 1992 to 1994. In 2010, he was named by Foreign Policy magazine to its list of top global thinkers.

Research

Fowler's research centers on social networks. He is best known for his studies of the social spread of obesity, smoking, and happiness in the Framingham Heart Study, but he has also studied the network of legislative cosponsorships in the U.S. Congress and the network of U.S. Supreme Court precedents.

Studies by Nicholas A. Christakis and Fowler suggested a variety of individuals' attributes like obesity, smoking cessation, and happiness rather than being individualistic, are causally correlated by contagion mechanisms that transmit these behaviors over long distances within social networks. A debate over the statistical models used to establish these three degrees of influence findings ensued, but subsequent studies have found evidence of their central claims about behavioral influence and contagion.

In addition to his research on social networks, Fowler has become known for his work on genopolitics, showing that genes influence voting and other forms of political participation. Fowler used twin studies of voter turnout in Los Angeles and the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health to establish that the decision to vote in the United States has very strong heritability. He has also identified three genes that are associated with voter turnout and partisan attachment, specifically those regulating the serotonin and dopamine systems in the brain via the production of monoamine oxidase, 5HTT, and DRD2.

More recently, he has shown evidence that social networks have a partly genetic basis. In 2010, he published a paper regarding the use of social networks as 'sensors' for forecasting epidemics.

In other research, Fowler is known for his theoretical and experimental work on egalitarianism and the evolution of cooperation, with related work on altruism, overconfidence, and political participation.

Fowler's newest research focuses on Facebook friendship as a predictor of voter mobilization, and the use of the social network medium, to mobilize voters in American elections. Based on a large manipulation of friendship cues in the Facebook social network, Fowler demonstrates that being presented with indications of friends having voted is a strong predictor of individual voting.

Books

In September 2009, Little, Brown & Co. published Connected: The Surprising Power of Our Social Networks and How They Shape Our Lives by Nicholas A. Christakis and James H. Fowler. Connected draws on previously published and unpublished studies, including the Framingham Heart Study and makes several new conclusions about the influence of social networks on human health and behavior. In Connected, they put forward their "three degrees of influence" rule about human behavior, which theorizes that each person's individual social influence stretches three degrees before it fades out.

The Colbert Report

On February 28, 2008, the Los Angeles Times published an op-ed that summarized Fowler's research showing that Democratic candidates who come on The Colbert Report receive 44% more in campaign donations in the first 30 days after appearing on the show. Colbert pointed out the op-ed on his March 3, 2008 show. Fowler also appeared during the Threatdown on his December 10, 2008 show, describing his work on the spread of happiness in social networks, and again on the January 7th, 2010 show to discuss the sociological impact of social networking.

Selected publications

  • Fowler, James H. and Hill, Seth and Levin, Remy and Obradovich, Nicholas (13 April 2020). . arXiv:. doi:. S2CID.{{cite journal}}:Cite journal requires |journal= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

The Framingham Heart Study Social Network

  • Fowler, J. H.; Christakis, N. A (3 January 2009). (PDF). British Medical Journal. 337 (768) a2338. doi:. PMC. PMID. Archived from (PDF) on 25 March 2009.
  • Christakis, N. A.; Fowler, JH (22 May 2008). (PDF). New England Journal of Medicine. 358 (21): 2249–2258. doi:. PMC. PMID. Archived from (PDF) on 8 September 2008.
  • Christakis, N. A.; Fowler, JH (26 July 2007). (PDF). New England Journal of Medicine. 357 (4): 370–379. doi:. PMID. Archived from (PDF) on 11 September 2008.
  • Cacioppo, J. T.; Fowler, JH; Christakis, NA (December 2009). (PDF). Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 97 (6): 977–991. doi:. PMC. PMID. Archived from (PDF) on 2010-06-16.

Genes and Politics

  • Fowler, J. H.; Schreiber, D (7 November 2008). (PDF). Science. 322 (5903): 912–914. Bibcode:. doi:. PMID. S2CID. Archived from (PDF) on 25 March 2009.
  • Fowler, J. H.; Baker, Laura A.; Dawes, Christopher T. (May 2008). (PDF). American Political Science Review. 102 (2): 233–248. CiteSeerX. doi:. S2CID. Archived from (PDF) on 2019-11-28.{{cite journal}}:Cite uses deprecated parameter |citeseerx= (help)
  • Fowler, J. H.; Dawes, Christopher T. (July 2008). (PDF). Journal of Politics. 70 (3): 579–594. CiteSeerX. doi:. S2CID. Archived from (PDF) on 2019-11-28.{{cite journal}}:Cite uses deprecated parameter |citeseerx= (help)
  • Dawes, C. T.; Fowler, James H. (July 2009). (PDF). Journal of Politics. 71 (3): 1157–1171. doi:. S2CID. Archived from (PDF) on 2019-11-28.

Genes and Social Networks

  • Fowler, J.H.; Settle, J. E.; Christakis, N. A. (1 February 2011). (PDF). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 108 (5): 1993–1997. Bibcode:. doi:. PMC. PMID. Archived from (PDF) on 11 November 2011.
  • Fowler, J. H.; Dawes, C. T.; Christakis, N. A. (10 February 2009). . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 106 (6): 1720–1724. arXiv:. Bibcode:. doi:. PMC. PMID.

Experimental Studies of Cooperation and Egalitarianism

  • Cesarini, D.; Dawes, C. T.; Fowler, J. H.; Johannesson, M.; Lichtenstein, P.; Wallace, B. (11 March 2008). . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 105 (10): 3721–3726. Bibcode:. doi:. PMC. PMID.
  • Dawes, C. T.; Fowler, JH; Johnson, T; McElreath, R; Smirnov, O (12 April 2007). (PDF). Nature. 446 (7137): 794–796. Bibcode:. doi:. PMID. S2CID. Archived from (PDF) on 5 July 2008.
  • Fowler, J. H.; Johnson, Tim; Smirnov, Oleg (6 January 2005). (PDF). Nature. 433 (7021): E1. Bibcode:. doi:. PMID. S2CID. Archived from (PDF) on 5 July 2008.
  • McDermott, R.; Fowler, James H.; Smirnov, Oleg (April 2008). (PDF). Journal of Politics. 70 (2): 335–350. doi:. S2CID. Archived from (PDF) on 2009-03-25.

Evolutionary Models

  • Johnson, D.D.P.; Fowler, James H. (15 September 2011). (PDF). Nature. 477 (7364): 317–320. arXiv:. Bibcode:. doi:. PMID. S2CID. Archived from (PDF) on 11 November 2011.
  • Fowler, J. H. (10 May 2005). . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 102 (19): 7047–7049. Bibcode:. doi:. PMC. PMID.
  • Fowler, J. H. (22 September 2005). (PDF). Nature. 437 (7058): E8, discussion E8–9. Bibcode:. doi:. PMID. S2CID. Archived from (PDF) on 11 September 2008.

Altruism and Political Participation

  • Fowler, J. H. (August 2006). (PDF). Journal of Politics. 68 (3): 674–683. doi:. S2CID. Archived from (PDF) on 2008-09-11.
  • Fowler, J. H.; Kam, Cindy D. (August 2007). (PDF). Journal of Politics. 69 (3): 811–825. doi:. S2CID. Archived from (PDF) on 2008-09-11.

Legislator Social Networks

  • Fowler, J. H. (Fall 2006). (PDF). Political Analysis. 14 (4): 456–487. doi:. Archived from (PDF) on 2008-09-11.
  • Fowler, J. H. (October 2006). (PDF). Social Networks. 28 (4): 454–465. doi:. Archived from (PDF) on 2008-09-11.

Voter Social Networks

  • Fowler, J. H. (2005). "Turnout in a Small World". In Zuckerman, Alan (ed.). (PDF). Philadelphia: Temple Univ. Press. pp.269–287. ISBN978-1-59213-148-8. Archived from (PDF) on 2008-09-11.{{cite book}}:|work= ignored (help)
  • Fowler, J. H.; Smirnov, Oleg (January 2005). (PDF). American Journal of Sociology. 110 (4): 1070–1094. doi:. S2CID. Archived from (PDF) on 2008-09-11.

Network of Supreme Court Precedents

  • Fowler, J. H.; Jeon, S (January 2008). (PDF). Social Networks. 30 (1): 16–30. doi:. Archived from (PDF) on 2008-09-11.
  • Fowler, J. H.; Johnson, T. R.; Spriggs, J. F.; Jeon, S.; Wahlbeck, P. J. (July 2007). (PDF). Political Analysis. 15 (3): 324–346. doi:. Archived from (PDF) on 2008-09-11.

External links

  • Personal webpage for 2007-05-23 at theWayback Machine
  • SSRN page with papers by
  • at theMathematics Genealogy Project
  • Video interview in Conversation with Tom Munnecke[link removed] January 7, 2009
  • Peace Corps Wiki article 2011-07-27 at theWayback Machine
  • Website for Connected: The Surprising Power of Our Social Networks and How They Shape Our Lives