Megadiverse countries
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A megadiverse country is one of a group of nations that house the majority of Earth's species and high numbers of endemic species. Conservation International identified 17 megadiverse countries in 1998, all of which are located at least partially in tropical or subtropical regions.
Megadiversity means to exhibit great biodiversity. The main criterion for megadiverse countries is endemism at the level of species, genera and families. A megadiverse country must have at least 5,000 species of endemic plants and must border marine ecosystems.
List of megadiverse countries
In alphabetical order, the 17 megadiverse countries are:
- Australia
- Brazil
- China
- Colombia
- Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Ecuador
- India
- Indonesia
- Madagascar
- Malaysia
- Mexico
- Papua New Guinea
- Peru
- Philippines
- South Africa
- United States
- Venezuela
List of most biodiverse countries 2022
| Country (or dependent territory) | Bird | Amphibian | Fish | Mammal | Reptile | Vascular Plant | Biodiversity Index |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brazil | 1,816 | 1,141 | 4,738 | 693 | 847 | 34,387 | 512.34 |
| Indonesia | 1,723 | 383 | 4,813 | 729 | 773 | 19,232 | 418.78 |
| Colombia | 1,863 | 812 | 2,105 | 477 | 634 | 24,025 | 369.76 |
| China | 1,285 | 540 | 3,476 | 622 | 554 | 31,362 | 365.84 |
| Mexico | 1,105 | 411 | 2,629 | 533 | 988 | 23,385 | 342.47 |
| Australia | 725 | 245 | 4,992 | 355 | 1,131 | 19,324 | 337.18 |
| Peru | 1,861 | 655 | 1,583 | 490 | 510 | 19,812 | 330.12 |
| India | 1,212 | 446 | 2,601 | 440 | 715 | 45,000 | 301.63 |
| Ecuador | 1,629 | 659 | 1,111 | 392 | 492 | 18,466 | 291.58 |
| United States | 844 | 326 | 3,081 | 531 | 556 | 15,500 | 280.13 |
| Venezuela | 1,386 | 365 | 1,735 | 376 | 419 | 30,000 | 273.39 |
| Papua New Guinea | 743 | 416 | 2,884 | 282 | 384 | 13,634 | 226.57 |
| Myanmar | 1,034 | 540 | 1,088 | 304 | 364 | 16,000 | 221.77 |
| Vietnam | 835 | 263 | 2,423 | 313 | 512 | 8,500 | 216.97 |
| Malaysia | 721 | 278 | 1,951 | 348 | 502 | 14,060 | 214.71 |
| Democratic Republic of the Congo | 1,110 | 227 | 1,528 | 465 | 313 | 8,860 | 214.43 |
| Tanzania | 1,074 | 207 | 1,773 | 412 | 346 | 10,100 | 213.10 |
| Bolivia | 1,435 | 259 | 407 | 382 | 315 | 14,729 | 209.55 |
| South Africa | 762 | 132 | 2,094 | 331 | 421 | 21,250 | 207.94 |
| Thailand | 936 | 153 | 2,150 | 314 | 468 | 6,600 | 200.77 |
See also
External links
- Works related to Declaration of Cancún (Spanish) at Wikisource