Luritja dialect

The Luritja dialect is the language of the Luritja people, an Aboriginal Australian group indigenous to parts of the Northern Territory and Western Australia. It is one of several dialects in the Western Desert language group.

Name

The name luritja is thought to derive from the Arrernte word lurinya,[what language is this?] 'foreigner'. It appears to have originally been applied by Arrernte speakers to people of the Western Desert Language group who had relocated onto Arrernte lands in the process of moving (or being moved) from remote desert areas to the region closer to Alice Springs. Over time younger generations have taken on the term as their ethnonym, possibly unaware of its origin.

Area

The Luritja lands include areas to the west and south of Alice Springs, extending around the edge of Arrernte country. The area surrounding Papunya, including Mount Liebig is often referred to as Papunya Luritja, both in land and language, while areas to the south-east around Aputula and Maryvale are often referred to as Titjikala Luritja (Maryvale is the name of the cattle station on Titjikala land). The area around Ulpanyali and Watarrka National Park (Kings Canyon) is also referred to as Luritja country and the dialect of Luritja spoken there is referred to as Southern Luritja (it is identical to Titjikala Luritja). The variety of Luritja spoken at Kintore is often referred to as Pintupi/Luritja.

Dialects

Pintupi-Luritja

Papunya Luritja

Papunya Luritja is the variety of Luritja spoken around the community of Papunya, and also west through Mount Liebig to Kintore. Like Luritja generally, Papunya Luritja is a dialect of the Western Desert Language and is closely related to the Pintupi language of the area around Kintore and further west. Papunya Luritja has probably also been influenced by western varieties of Arrernte as well as Warlpiri.

Titjikala Luritja

This variety is also a dialect of the Western Desert Language spoken in Titjikala. While it is quite similar to Papunya Luritja, it shows notable differences probably having been derived mostly from Pitjantjatjara as well as being influenced by Antakarinya and the more southern varieties of Arrernte.

Phonology

Consonants

	Peripheral	Laminal	Apical
Labial	Velar	(Alveolo-)palatal	Alveolar	Retroflex
Plosive	p	k	t̠ʲ	t	ʈ
Nasal	m	ŋ	n̠ʲ	n	ɳ
Lateral			l̠ʲ	l	ɭ
Rhotic				ɾ
Approximant	w	j	ɻ

/ɾ/ can range to a trill [r] in emphatic speech among speakers.
/ɻ/ can also be heard as a retroflex tap [ɽ], or an alveolar glide [ɹ] among speakers.

Vowels

	Front	Back
High	i iː	u uː
Low	a aː

Vocabulary

The following are designated as Luritja words by R. H. Mathews.

kanala (grey kangaroo)
katu (father)
malu (red kangaroo)
papa inura (wild dog)
papa (tame dog)
yako (mother)