The Mexican mud turtle (Kinosternon integrum), is a species of mud turtle in the family Kinosternidae. Endemic to Mexico, they inhabit moist environments, such as shallow ponds, lakes, rivers or intermediate temp. tropical forest areas.[citation needed]

Distribution

In Mexico, it is found in Aguascalientes, Colima, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Michoacán, México, Morelos, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosí, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas and Zacatecas.[citation needed]

  • Guanajuato
  • Guanajuato
  • Querétaro
  • Guanajuato
  • Guanajuato
  • Guanajuato

Reproduction

Sub-adult in Tamaulipas, Mexico.

The Mexican mud turtle's nesting season lasts from early May to September, beginning just prior to the summer rainy season. A typical clutch size for each female is 2 to 4 eggs, but can range between 1 and 8.

Another distinctive feature within the species is the nostrils on male and female turtles. The females have a more rounded nostril and the nostril is more brownish as to yellow like the male.

The Mexican mud turtle is an organism that "bet hedges" meaning that its organism fitness varies depending on the condition it is in. When in a relaxed, every-day state, its fitness levels are low, however when stressed its fitness level increases. Bet hedging affects this organism's reproductive window as well, allowing it to only reproduce every two to three seasons.

Diet

Mexican mud turtles are omnivores. Some of the plants consumed include: Filamentous algae, grass seeds, guava seeds, etcetera. Some of the animals consumed include: Ants, wasps, bees, etcetera. It has been found that during the dry seasons, females tend to eat more plant matter than males.

Sources

  • Le Conte, 1854: . Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 7: 180–190.
  • Iverson, John B. (1999). "Reproduction in the Mexican Mud Turtle Kinosternon integrum". Journal of Herpetology. 33 (1): 144–148. doi:. JSTOR .
  • Macip-Ríos, Rodrigo; Cisneros, Maria de Lourdes Arias; Aguilar-Miguel, Xochitl S.; Casas-Andreu, Gustavo (2009). . Western North American Naturalist. 69 (4): 501–510. doi:. S2CID .
  • Aparicio, Ángeles; Mercado, Ivette Enríquez; Ugalde, Alejandro Montiel; Gaona-Murillo, Eder; Butterfield, Taggert; Macip-Ríos, Rodrigo (2018). . Chelonian Conservation and Biology. 17 (2): 284. doi:. S2CID .
  • Macip-Ríos, Rodrigo; Sustaita-Rodríguez, Víctor Hugo; Barrios-Quiroz, Gabriel; Casas-Andreu, Gustavo (2010). . Chelonian Conservation and Biology. 9: 90–97. doi:. S2CID .
  • Macip-Ríos, Rodrigo & Zuñiga Vega, Jaime & Brauer Robleda, Pablo & Casas-Andreu, Gustavo (2011). "Demography of two populations of the Mexican mud turtle (Kinosternon integrum) in central Mexico". Herpetological Journal. 21.