Mukim
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A mukim is a type of administrative division used in Malaysia, Brunei, Indonesia and Singapore, equivalent to a subdistrict. The word mukim is a loanword in English. However, it was also originally a loanword in Malay from the Arabic word: مقيم (meaning resident). The closest English translation for mukim is township.
Usage
Brunei
In Brunei, a mukim is the immediate subdivision of a district (Malay: daerah). The equivalent English word for 'mukim' is 'township'. There are 38 mukims in Brunei. Each mukim is an administrative area made up of several kampung (Malay for "village"). A mukim is headed by a penghulu (Malay for "headman"), which is an elected office. The number of mukims in each of the districts in Brunei is as follows:
| District | Number of Mukims | Map |
|---|---|---|
| Belait | 8 | |
| Brunei-Muara | 17 | |
| Temburong | 5 | |
| Tutong | 8 |
The smallest mukim by area is Mukim Saba in the Brunei-Muara District. The largest mukim by area is Mukim Sukang in the Belait District. The last change in the mukim boundaries was in the late 1990s when Mukim Kumbang Pasang was merged into Mukim Kianggeh and Mukim Berakas was divided into Mukim Berakas A and Mukim Berakas B. The number of mukims remained at 38.
Indonesia
In Indonesia, mukim means 'a place to stay' or 'the one who stays', while pemukiman means 'a settlement'. The term mukim is used only in Aceh as a subdivision of a district. A mukim contains several villages (gampong).
Malaysia
In Malaysia, a mukim can either be a subdivision of a daerah (district or county) or a subdivision of an autonomous sub-district (daerah kecil), as per Section 11(c) of the National Land Code 1965. However, in Putrajaya the designation mukim is not used; the term presint (Malay for "precinct") is used instead. The northern state of Perlis, due to its small size, is not divided into daerahs, but directly into mukims. In Kelantan, the term daerah corresponds to the mukim level in other states, whilst for Sarawak in East Malaysia, owing to its large sizes, they are directly divided into divisions and in turn, divisions are divided into districts and the subdivision of each district is termed as a land district (daerah tanah) or town district (daerah bandar) instead. The neighbouring state of Sabah does not have such subdivision, and districts serve instead as the lowest jurisdictional level. Each mukim is divided into a village or villages (kampung or kampong).
Singapore
In Singapore, a Mukim is a survey district. There are 34 Mukim survey districts in Singapore, as well as 30 Town Subdivision survey districts. The Town Subdivision survey districts are located in the city area, while the Mukim survey districts are located in the outer regions surrounding the former.