Oedipodium is the only genus of moss in the family Oedipodiaceae. It contains the single species Oedipodium griffithianum, the gouty-moss or Griffith's oedipodium moss. This species is distributed in cooler climates of Eurasia, as well as from Alaska, Washington state, British Columbia, Yukon, Greenland, Newfoundland, Tierra del Fuego and the Falkland Islands.

The relationship of Oedipodium to other mosses has been much debated. Previously, the taxon has been included with the Funariales or the Splachnales. However, characteristics of the protonemata and asexual propagation, along with molecular evidence, point to a closer relationship with the Tetraphidaceae.

order Oedipodiales familyOedipodiaceae OedipodiumTakakiopsida Sphagnopsida Andreaeopsida Andreaeobryopsida Oedipodium Tetraphidopsida Polytrichopsida Bryopsida
Takakiopsida Sphagnopsida Andreaeopsida Andreaeobryopsida Oedipodium Tetraphidopsida Polytrichopsida Bryopsida
Takakiopsida
Sphagnopsida
Andreaeopsida Andreaeobryopsida Oedipodium Tetraphidopsida Polytrichopsida Bryopsida
Andreaeopsida Andreaeobryopsida Oedipodium Tetraphidopsida Polytrichopsida Bryopsida
Andreaeopsida
Andreaeobryopsida
Oedipodium Tetraphidopsida Polytrichopsida Bryopsida
Oedipodium
Tetraphidopsida Polytrichopsida Bryopsida
Tetraphidopsida
Polytrichopsida
Bryopsida
The phylogenetic position of Oedipodium among the eight classes of mosses, based on inferences from DNA sequence data.