Opón-Carare language
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Opón-Carare (Opone) is an extinct, unusually divergent Cariban language of Colombia. It is most closely related to Yukpa. It is known only from two wordlists, published in 1878 and 1958 respectively.
Phonology
Giraldo and Fornaguera (1958)
Marshall Durbin and Haydée Seijas derive the following phonology for Opón-Carare based on data published in 1958 from Giraldo and Fornaguera.
| Bilabial | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | voiceless | p | t | k | (ʔ)1 | ||
| voiced | b | d | g | ||||
| Fricative | s | ʃ | h | ||||
| Trill | r | ||||||
| Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ||||
| Approximant | w | j |
- [ʔ] may not be phonemic, it appears only at morpheme boundaries.
While common in other Cariban languages, nasal vowels are not recorded in Opón-Carare.
Lengerke (1878)
The following phonology is derived from the data in Lengerke (1878).
| Bilabial | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | voiceless | p | t | k | |||
| voiced | b | ||||||
| Fricative | s | (ʃ) | h | ||||
| Affricate | tʃ | ||||||
| Trill | r | ||||||
| Nasal | m | n | |||||
| Approximant | w | j |
The phonology is the same in Carare, with the exception that /tʃ/ and /w/ are not present, and /ʃ/ interpreted for the sequence ⟨sy⟩.