Peganum L. is a genus under the recently separated family Nitrariaceae. Formerly it used to be included in the family Zygophyllaceae.

Phylogeny and Species

The genus has around five species, occurring in warm temperate to subtropical regions across the world:

  • Peganum harmala L. (Harmal or Syrian rue) — Mediterranean region east to China
  • Peganum mexicanum Gray — Mexico
  • Peganum multisectum (Maxim.) Bobrov — China, Mongolia
  • Peganum nigellastrum Bunge — China
  • Peganum texanum M.E.Jones — southern North America

Phylogenetic data suggests the following relationships:

Nitraria (outgroup)
PeganumP. multisectum P. harmala P. nigellastrum
P. multisectum
P. harmala P. nigellastrum
P. harmala
P. nigellastrum

Media related to Peganum harmala at Wikimedia Commons