Perimys is an extinct genus of neoepiblemid rodent that lived from the Early to Late Miocene in what is now South America. Fossils have been found in the Cerro Bandera, Cerro Boleadoras, Ituzaingó, Santa Cruz, and Sarmiento Formations of Argentina, and the Galera, Santa Cruz, and Río Frías Formations of Chile.

Description

Perimys was a medium to large-sized rodent. Perimys can be distinguished from other caviomorphs in having euhypsodont and bilophodont cheek teeth, with the hypoflexus/id being conspicuously broader and filled with more cementum than in Prolagostomus and Pliolagostomus. As a result, the teeth of Perimys have a U-shape occlusal outline.

The malleoincudal complex of Perimys indicates its head was elongated, but not to the same extent as in chinchillines. As in chinchillids, however, the incudal long process of Perimys is more prolonged by a slight amount than the short process.

Taxonomy

Perimys was first described by Florentino Ameghino in 1887 based on remains found in the Santa Cruz Formation of Argentina, with the proposed type species being Perimys erutus. Several other species have been described as pertaining to this genus. Ameghino originally assigned it to the obsolete family Eryomyidae, however, many later authors have assigned it to the Neoepiblemidae family.

The following cladogram of the Caviomorpha is based on Busker et al. 2020, showing the position of Perimys.

Baluchimyinae Bugtimys zafarullahi "Phiomorpha" Phiomys andrewsi Metaphiomys schaubi Octodontoidea Prospaniomys priscus Myocastor coypus Echimyidae Proechimys polioplus Eumysops laeviplicatus Kannabateomys amblyonyx Echimys chrysurus Ctenomyidae Ctenomys australis Plataeomys brevis Pithanotomys columnaris Octomys mimax Octodontomys gliroides Chasichimys bonaerense Chasicomys octodontiforme Acarechimys leucotheae Acarechimys minutus Acaremyidae Acaremys murinus Galileomys antelucanus Galileomys baios Erethizontoidea Steiromys detentus Eosteiromys homogenidens Dasyproctidae Dasyprocta azarae Node A Eoviscaccia frassinettii Eoviscaccia boliviana Garridomys curunuquem Incamys bolivianus Asteromys bolivianus Asteromys punctus Cephalomyidae Cephalomys ceciae Cephalomyopsis hypselodontus Litodontomys chubutensis Cephalomys arcidens Scotamys antiquus Neoepiblemidae Perimys intermedius Chinchillidae Lagostomus maximus Lagidium viscacia Chinchilla chinchilla Node B Banderomys leanzai Soriamys ganganensis Soriamys gaimanensis Luantus propheticus Guiomys unica Microcavia australis Cavia aperea Galea musteloides Dolichotis patagonum
Baluchimyinae Bugtimys zafarullahi
BaluchimyinaeBugtimys zafarullahi
"Phiomorpha" Phiomys andrewsi Metaphiomys schaubi Octodontoidea Prospaniomys priscus Myocastor coypus Echimyidae Proechimys polioplus Eumysops laeviplicatus Kannabateomys amblyonyx Echimys chrysurus Ctenomyidae Ctenomys australis Plataeomys brevis Pithanotomys columnaris Octomys mimax Octodontomys gliroides Chasichimys bonaerense Chasicomys octodontiforme Acarechimys leucotheae Acarechimys minutus Acaremyidae Acaremys murinus Galileomys antelucanus Galileomys baios Erethizontoidea Steiromys detentus Eosteiromys homogenidens Dasyproctidae Dasyprocta azarae Node A Eoviscaccia frassinettii Eoviscaccia boliviana Garridomys curunuquem Incamys bolivianus Asteromys bolivianus Asteromys punctus Cephalomyidae Cephalomys ceciae Cephalomyopsis hypselodontus Litodontomys chubutensis Cephalomys arcidens Scotamys antiquus Neoepiblemidae Perimys intermedius Chinchillidae Lagostomus maximus Lagidium viscacia Chinchilla chinchilla Node B Banderomys leanzai Soriamys ganganensis Soriamys gaimanensis Luantus propheticus Guiomys unica Microcavia australis Cavia aperea Galea musteloides Dolichotis patagonum
"Phiomorpha" Phiomys andrewsi Metaphiomys schaubi
"Phiomorpha"Phiomys andrewsi Metaphiomys schaubi
Phiomys andrewsi
Metaphiomys schaubi
Octodontoidea Prospaniomys priscus Myocastor coypus Echimyidae Proechimys polioplus Eumysops laeviplicatus Kannabateomys amblyonyx Echimys chrysurus Ctenomyidae Ctenomys australis Plataeomys brevis Pithanotomys columnaris Octomys mimax Octodontomys gliroides Chasichimys bonaerense Chasicomys octodontiforme Acarechimys leucotheae Acarechimys minutus Acaremyidae Acaremys murinus Galileomys antelucanus Galileomys baios Erethizontoidea Steiromys detentus Eosteiromys homogenidens Dasyproctidae Dasyprocta azarae Node A Eoviscaccia frassinettii Eoviscaccia boliviana Garridomys curunuquem Incamys bolivianus Asteromys bolivianus Asteromys punctus Cephalomyidae Cephalomys ceciae Cephalomyopsis hypselodontus Litodontomys chubutensis Cephalomys arcidens Scotamys antiquus Neoepiblemidae Perimys intermedius Chinchillidae Lagostomus maximus Lagidium viscacia Chinchilla chinchilla Node B Banderomys leanzai Soriamys ganganensis Soriamys gaimanensis Luantus propheticus Guiomys unica Microcavia australis Cavia aperea Galea musteloides Dolichotis patagonum
Octodontoidea Prospaniomys priscus Myocastor coypus Echimyidae Proechimys polioplus Eumysops laeviplicatus Kannabateomys amblyonyx Echimys chrysurus Ctenomyidae Ctenomys australis Plataeomys brevis Pithanotomys columnaris Octomys mimax Octodontomys gliroides Chasichimys bonaerense Chasicomys octodontiforme Acarechimys leucotheae Acarechimys minutus Acaremyidae Acaremys murinus Galileomys antelucanus Galileomys baios
OctodontoideaProspaniomys priscus Myocastor coypus Echimyidae Proechimys polioplus Eumysops laeviplicatus Kannabateomys amblyonyx Echimys chrysurus Ctenomyidae Ctenomys australis Plataeomys brevis Pithanotomys columnaris Octomys mimax Octodontomys gliroides Chasichimys bonaerense Chasicomys octodontiforme Acarechimys leucotheae Acarechimys minutus Acaremyidae Acaremys murinus Galileomys antelucanus Galileomys baios
Prospaniomys priscus
Myocastor coypus Echimyidae Proechimys polioplus Eumysops laeviplicatus Kannabateomys amblyonyx Echimys chrysurus Ctenomyidae Ctenomys australis Plataeomys brevis Pithanotomys columnaris Octomys mimax Octodontomys gliroides Chasichimys bonaerense Chasicomys octodontiforme Acarechimys leucotheae Acarechimys minutus Acaremyidae Acaremys murinus Galileomys antelucanus Galileomys baios
Myocastor coypus
Echimyidae Proechimys polioplus Eumysops laeviplicatus Kannabateomys amblyonyx Echimys chrysurus Ctenomyidae Ctenomys australis Plataeomys brevis Pithanotomys columnaris Octomys mimax Octodontomys gliroides Chasichimys bonaerense Chasicomys octodontiforme Acarechimys leucotheae Acarechimys minutus Acaremyidae Acaremys murinus Galileomys antelucanus Galileomys baios
Echimyidae Proechimys polioplus Eumysops laeviplicatus Kannabateomys amblyonyx Echimys chrysurus
EchimyidaeProechimys polioplus Eumysops laeviplicatus Kannabateomys amblyonyx Echimys chrysurus
Proechimys polioplus
Eumysops laeviplicatus Kannabateomys amblyonyx Echimys chrysurus
Eumysops laeviplicatus
Kannabateomys amblyonyx Echimys chrysurus
Kannabateomys amblyonyx
Echimys chrysurus
Ctenomyidae Ctenomys australis Plataeomys brevis Pithanotomys columnaris Octomys mimax Octodontomys gliroides Chasichimys bonaerense Chasicomys octodontiforme Acarechimys leucotheae Acarechimys minutus Acaremyidae Acaremys murinus Galileomys antelucanus Galileomys baios
Ctenomyidae Ctenomys australis
CtenomyidaeCtenomys australis
Plataeomys brevis Pithanotomys columnaris Octomys mimax Octodontomys gliroides Chasichimys bonaerense Chasicomys octodontiforme Acarechimys leucotheae Acarechimys minutus Acaremyidae Acaremys murinus Galileomys antelucanus Galileomys baios
Plataeomys brevis Pithanotomys columnaris
Plataeomys brevis
Pithanotomys columnaris
Octomys mimax Octodontomys gliroides Chasichimys bonaerense Chasicomys octodontiforme Acarechimys leucotheae Acarechimys minutus Acaremyidae Acaremys murinus Galileomys antelucanus Galileomys baios
Octomys mimax
Octodontomys gliroides Chasichimys bonaerense Chasicomys octodontiforme Acarechimys leucotheae Acarechimys minutus Acaremyidae Acaremys murinus Galileomys antelucanus Galileomys baios
Octodontomys gliroides
Chasichimys bonaerense Chasicomys octodontiforme Acarechimys leucotheae Acarechimys minutus Acaremyidae Acaremys murinus Galileomys antelucanus Galileomys baios
Chasichimys bonaerense
Chasicomys octodontiforme
Acarechimys leucotheae Acarechimys minutus Acaremyidae Acaremys murinus Galileomys antelucanus Galileomys baios
Acarechimys leucotheae
Acarechimys minutus
AcaremyidaeAcaremys murinus Galileomys antelucanus Galileomys baios
Acaremys murinus
Galileomys antelucanus
Galileomys baios
Erethizontoidea Steiromys detentus Eosteiromys homogenidens Dasyproctidae Dasyprocta azarae Node A Eoviscaccia frassinettii Eoviscaccia boliviana Garridomys curunuquem Incamys bolivianus Asteromys bolivianus Asteromys punctus Cephalomyidae Cephalomys ceciae Cephalomyopsis hypselodontus Litodontomys chubutensis Cephalomys arcidens Scotamys antiquus Neoepiblemidae Perimys intermedius Chinchillidae Lagostomus maximus Lagidium viscacia Chinchilla chinchilla Node B Banderomys leanzai Soriamys ganganensis Soriamys gaimanensis Luantus propheticus Guiomys unica Microcavia australis Cavia aperea Galea musteloides Dolichotis patagonum
Erethizontoidea Steiromys detentus Eosteiromys homogenidens
ErethizontoideaSteiromys detentus Eosteiromys homogenidens
Steiromys detentus
Eosteiromys homogenidens
Dasyproctidae Dasyprocta azarae Node A Eoviscaccia frassinettii Eoviscaccia boliviana Garridomys curunuquem Incamys bolivianus Asteromys bolivianus Asteromys punctus Cephalomyidae Cephalomys ceciae Cephalomyopsis hypselodontus Litodontomys chubutensis Cephalomys arcidens Scotamys antiquus Neoepiblemidae Perimys intermedius Chinchillidae Lagostomus maximus Lagidium viscacia Chinchilla chinchilla Node B Banderomys leanzai Soriamys ganganensis Soriamys gaimanensis Luantus propheticus Guiomys unica Microcavia australis Cavia aperea Galea musteloides Dolichotis patagonum
DasyproctidaeDasyprocta azarae
Node AEoviscaccia frassinettii Eoviscaccia boliviana Garridomys curunuquem Incamys bolivianus Asteromys bolivianus Asteromys punctus Cephalomyidae Cephalomys ceciae Cephalomyopsis hypselodontus Litodontomys chubutensis Cephalomys arcidens Scotamys antiquus Neoepiblemidae Perimys intermedius Chinchillidae Lagostomus maximus Lagidium viscacia Chinchilla chinchilla Node B Banderomys leanzai Soriamys ganganensis Soriamys gaimanensis Luantus propheticus Guiomys unica Microcavia australis Cavia aperea Galea musteloides Dolichotis patagonum
Eoviscaccia frassinettii Eoviscaccia boliviana Garridomys curunuquem
Eoviscaccia frassinettii
Eoviscaccia boliviana
Garridomys curunuquem
Incamys bolivianus Asteromys bolivianus Asteromys punctus Cephalomyidae Cephalomys ceciae Cephalomyopsis hypselodontus Litodontomys chubutensis Cephalomys arcidens Scotamys antiquus Neoepiblemidae Perimys intermedius Chinchillidae Lagostomus maximus Lagidium viscacia Chinchilla chinchilla Node B Banderomys leanzai Soriamys ganganensis Soriamys gaimanensis Luantus propheticus Guiomys unica Microcavia australis Cavia aperea Galea musteloides Dolichotis patagonum
Incamys bolivianus
Asteromys bolivianus Asteromys punctus Cephalomyidae Cephalomys ceciae Cephalomyopsis hypselodontus Litodontomys chubutensis Cephalomys arcidens Scotamys antiquus Neoepiblemidae Perimys intermedius Chinchillidae Lagostomus maximus Lagidium viscacia Chinchilla chinchilla Node B Banderomys leanzai Soriamys ganganensis Soriamys gaimanensis Luantus propheticus Guiomys unica Microcavia australis Cavia aperea Galea musteloides Dolichotis patagonum
Asteromys bolivianus Asteromys punctus
Asteromys bolivianus
Asteromys punctus
Cephalomyidae Cephalomys ceciae Cephalomyopsis hypselodontus Litodontomys chubutensis Cephalomys arcidens Scotamys antiquus Neoepiblemidae Perimys intermedius Chinchillidae Lagostomus maximus Lagidium viscacia Chinchilla chinchilla Node B Banderomys leanzai Soriamys ganganensis Soriamys gaimanensis Luantus propheticus Guiomys unica Microcavia australis Cavia aperea Galea musteloides Dolichotis patagonum
Cephalomyidae Cephalomys ceciae Cephalomyopsis hypselodontus Litodontomys chubutensis Cephalomys arcidens
CephalomyidaeCephalomys ceciae Cephalomyopsis hypselodontus Litodontomys chubutensis Cephalomys arcidens
Cephalomys ceciae
Cephalomyopsis hypselodontus
Litodontomys chubutensis
Cephalomys arcidens
Scotamys antiquus Neoepiblemidae Perimys intermedius Chinchillidae Lagostomus maximus Lagidium viscacia Chinchilla chinchilla Node B Banderomys leanzai Soriamys ganganensis Soriamys gaimanensis Luantus propheticus Guiomys unica Microcavia australis Cavia aperea Galea musteloides Dolichotis patagonum
Scotamys antiquus
Neoepiblemidae Perimys intermedius Chinchillidae Lagostomus maximus Lagidium viscacia Chinchilla chinchilla Node B Banderomys leanzai Soriamys ganganensis Soriamys gaimanensis Luantus propheticus Guiomys unica Microcavia australis Cavia aperea Galea musteloides Dolichotis patagonum
Neoepiblemidae Perimys intermedius Chinchillidae Lagostomus maximus Lagidium viscacia Chinchilla chinchilla
NeoepiblemidaePerimys intermedius
ChinchillidaeLagostomus maximus Lagidium viscacia Chinchilla chinchilla
Lagostomus maximus
Lagidium viscacia Chinchilla chinchilla
Lagidium viscacia
Chinchilla chinchilla
Node BBanderomys leanzai Soriamys ganganensis Soriamys gaimanensis Luantus propheticus Guiomys unica Microcavia australis Cavia aperea Galea musteloides Dolichotis patagonum
Banderomys leanzai Soriamys ganganensis Soriamys gaimanensis
Banderomys leanzai
Soriamys ganganensis Soriamys gaimanensis
Soriamys ganganensis
Soriamys gaimanensis
Luantus propheticus Guiomys unica Microcavia australis Cavia aperea Galea musteloides Dolichotis patagonum
Luantus propheticus
Guiomys unica Microcavia australis Cavia aperea Galea musteloides Dolichotis patagonum
Guiomys unica
Microcavia australis Cavia aperea Galea musteloides Dolichotis patagonum
Microcavia australis
Cavia aperea Galea musteloides Dolichotis patagonum
Cavia aperea
Galea musteloides Dolichotis patagonum
Galea musteloides
Dolichotis patagonum

Palaeobiology

Functional analysis of its scapula, humerus, ulna, and radius suggests that Perimys would have been well adapted for fossoriality.