Resolution (chromatography)
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In chromatography, resolution is a measure of the separation of two peaks of different retention time t in a chromatogram.
Expression
Chromatographic peak resolution is given by
R s = 2 t R 2 − t R 1 w b 1 + w b 2 {\displaystyle R_{s}=2{\cfrac {t_{R2}-t_{R1}}{w_{b1}+w_{b2}}}}
where tR is the retention time and wb is the peak width at baseline. The bigger the time-difference and/or the smaller the bandwidths, the better the resolution of the compounds. Here compound 1 elutes before compound 2.
If the peaks have the same width
R s = t R 2 − t R 1 w b {\displaystyle R_{s}={\cfrac {t_{R2}-t_{R1}}{w_{b}}}}.
Plate number
The theoretical plate height is given by
H = L N {\displaystyle H={\frac {L}{N}}}
where L is the column length and N the number of theoretical plates. The relation between plate number and peak width at the base is given by
N = 16 ⋅ ( t R W b ) 2 {\displaystyle N=16\cdot \left({\frac {t_{R}}{W_{b}}}\right)^{2}\,}.