Süntel Formation

The Süntel Formation, previously known as the Kimmeridge Formation (German: "Mittlerer Kimmeridge"; Middle Kimmeridge), is a geological formation in Germany. It is Late Jurassic in age, spanning the early to late Kimmeridgian stage. It predominantly consists of limestone deposited in shallow marine carbonate ramp conditions.

Description

The formation is part of the Lower Saxony Basin that borders the Süntel massif of the Lower Saxon Hills, part of the larger Harz Mountains. The formation is described as alternations of glauconitic marl, limestone and sandstone.

Paleontological significance

The formation is known for its fossils, with the Langenberg Quarry having provided fossils of numerous vertebrates.

Dinosaurs

Dinosaurs of the Süntel Formation
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Abundance	Notes	Images
Europasaurus	E. holgeri	Langenberg Quarry	Bed 83	Disarticulated remains representing numerous individuals	Sauropod dinosaur
Stegosauridae	Indeterminate		Teeth
Allosauroidea	Indeterminate	DfMMh/FV1/19, small pedal ungual, cf. DfMMh/FV/343, small pedal phalanx
cf. Ceratosauria	DfMMh/FV/776, anterior chevron
cf. Megalosauroidea	DfMMh/FV/287, left fibula
cf. Tetanurae	DfMMh/FV/105, distal caudal vertebra
Theropoda	DfMMh/FV2/19, a small pedal phalanx III-1, DfMMh/FV3/19, proximal part of a small right fibula
Theropoda	Hannover: Lindener Berg, Tönniesberg, and Ahlem, Thüste, Marienhagen, Holzen, Kahlberg and Langenberg Quarry		18 distinct morphotypes of teeth, referred to "Tyrannosauroidea, as well as Allosauroidea, Megalosauroidea cf. Marshosaurus, Megalosauridae cf. Torvosaurus and probably Ceratosauria"

Turtles

Turtles of the Süntel Formation
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Abundance	Notes	Images
Plesiochelys	Indeterminate	Langenberg Quarry
cf. Thalassemys	Indeterminate		DFMMh/FV 296, "skull part (articulated quadrate, squamosal, basisphenoid, and pterygoid), a disarticulated 40 cm long partial carapace, plastron, and one cervical vertebra."
Eucryptodira	Indeterminate	Bed 73	Juvenile carapace with disarticulated skull and right forelimb

Squamates

Squamates of the Süntel Formation
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Abundance	Notes	Images
Paramacellodidae	Indeterminate	Langenberg Quarry		Partial skeleton

Pterosaurs

Pterosaurs of the Süntel Formation
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Abundance	Notes	Images
?Dsungaripteridae	Indeterminate	Langenberg Quarry		DFMMh/FV 500, an articulated partial skeleton consisting of "10 thoracic vertebrae, complete pelvis and sacrum, left and right femur" with an associated possible partial right tibia.

Crocodyliformes

Crocodyliformes of the Süntel Formation
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Abundance	Notes	Images
Knoetschkesuchus	K. langenbergensis	Langenberg Quarry	Bed 83	two partial skeletons and various isolated bones	Atoposaurid
Machimosaurus	M. hugii
Steneosaurus	S. brevirostris		Rostrum, jaw and postcranial remains
Goniopholis	G. simus

Mammaliaforms

Mammaliaforms of the Süntel Formation
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Abundance	Notes	Images
Cimbriodon	C. multituberculatus	Langenberg Quarry	Bed 83	upper and lower p3, p4 and p5 molars	Paulchoffatiid multituberculate
Teutonodon	T. langenbergensis	NLMH 105650, upper right M1	Pinheirodontid multituberculate
Storchodon	S. cingulatus	MH 105654, a right upper molar	A large morganucodont
Hercynodon	H. germanicus	NLMH 105668, left upper molar, NLMH 105669-70 right upper molars, NLMH 105671 left lower molar	Dryolestid
Docodon	D. hercynicus	two lower molars	Docodontid
D. sp	distal fragment of lower molar	Docodontid
Paulchoffatiidae	Indeterminate	NLMH 105655, left p4, NLMH 105651; m1	NLMH 105651 considered an Eobataarid by Martin et al. 2016, considered a Paulchoffatiid by Martin et al. 2019
Dryolestida	Indeterminate

Ichnofossils

Ichnofossils of the Süntel Formation
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Abundance	Notes	Images
Megalosauripus	M. teutonicus	Bruns quarry tracksite	Sand-Tonkomplex Member
Elephantopoides	E. sp.
Strömer quarry tracksite
Grallator (Eubrontes)	Grallator (Eubrontes) sp.
Iguanodontipus	?Iguanodontipus sp.