Salmson air-cooled aero-engines
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Between 1920 and 1951 the Société des Moteurs Salmson in France developed and built a series of widely used air-cooled aircraft engines.
Design and development
After their successful water-cooled radial engines, developed from 1908 to 1918, Salmson changed their focus to air-cooling to reduce weight and increase specific power (power per unit weight). The majority of the engines produced by Salmson were of radial type with a few other arrangements such as the Salmson T6.E. In common with other engines produced by this manufacturer, the air-cooled radial engines featured the unorthodox Canton-Unné internal arrangement that dispensed with a master rod in favour of a cage of epicyclic gears driving the crankpin. Production ended in 1951 with the liquidation of the manufacturing company.
British Salmson
The 3,7 and 9 cylinder Salmsons were license-built in Great Britain, during the 1920s and 1930s, by the British Salmson engine company as the British Salmson AD.3, British Salmson AC.7, British Salmson AC.9, and British Salmson AD.9.
Salmson post-WWI engines
In common with several other French aero-engine manufacturers Salmson named their engines with the number of cylinders then a series letter in capitals followed by variant letters in lower-case. Engines not included in the 1932 table which follows are listed here:
9 kW (12 hp) at 1800 rpm rated
5Ac
90 kW (120 hp)
5Ap-01
60 kW (80 hp)
5Aq-01
65 kW (87 hp)
6Ad
6Af
6TE
130 kW (170 hp) inline engine
6TE.S
130 kW (170 hp) inline engine
7Ac
70 kW (94 hp)
7Aq
100 kW (130 hp)
7M
7Om
Argus As 10 inline engine
9Ac
30 kW (40 hp)
9AB
150 kW (200 hp) at 1500 rpm rated
9ABa
210 kW (280 hp)
9ABc
170 kW (230 hp)
9Az
220 kW (300 hp) at 1500 rpm rated
9A2c
180 kW (240 hp)
9M
89 kW (120 hp)
9Nd
130 kW (175 hp)
9Ne
130 kW (170 hp)
9Ng
150 kW (200 hp)
9Nh
150 kW (200 hp)
9P
70 kW (94 hp)
9Y
11B
12C
190 kW (250 hp) W-12 engine
18Z
450 kW (600 hp)
Salmson-Szydlowski SH18
18 cylinder air-cooled 2-stroke radial
Salmson air-cooled engines available in 1932 are listed here
| Name | Type | Year | Bore | Stroke | Capacity | Power | Weight |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7AC | 7-cyl radial | 100 mm (3.94 in) | 130 mm (5.12 in) | 7.150 L (436.3 cu in) | 78 kW (105 hp) at 1,800 rpm | 130 kg (290 lb) | |
| 9AB | 9-cyl radial | 125 mm (4.92 in) | 170 mm (6.69 in) | 18.765 L (1,145.1 cu in) | 190 kW (250 hp) at 1,700 rpm | 265 kg (584 lb) | |
| 9AC | 9-cyl radial | 100 mm (3.94 in) | 130 mm (5.12 in) | 9.189 L (560.7 cu in) | 97 kW (130 hp) at 1,800 rpm | 170 kg (370 lb) | |
| 9AD | 9-cyl radial | 70 mm (2.76 in) | 86 mm (3.39 in) | 2.979 L (181.8 cu in) | 34 kW (45 hp) at 2,000 rpm | 68 kg (150 lb) | |
| 9ADb | 9-cyl radial | 70 mm (2.76 in) | 86 mm (3.39 in) | 2.979 L (181.8 cu in) | 41 kW (55 hp) at 2,200 rpm | 74 kg (163 lb) | |
| 9ADr | 9-cyl radial | 70 mm (2.76 in) | 86 mm (3.39 in) | 2.979 L (181.8 cu in) | 48 kW (65 hp) at 2,700 rpm | 79 kg (174 lb) | |
| 9NA | 9-cyl radial | 140 mm (5.51 in) | 160 mm (6.30 in) | 22.140 L (1,351.1 cu in) | 250 kW (330 hp) at 1,800 rpm | 292 kg (644 lb) | |
| 9NAs | 9-cyl radial | 140 mm (5.51 in) | 160 mm (6.30 in) | 22.140 L (1,351.1 cu in) | 340 kW (450 hp) at 1,800rpm | 315 kg (694 lb) | |
| 9NC | 9-cyl radial | 100 mm (3.94 in) | 140 mm (5.51 in) | 9.900 L (604.1 cu in) | 110 kW (150 hp) at 1,800 rpm | 155 kg (342 lb) | |
| 9NCt | 9-cyl radial | 100 mm (3.94 in) | 140 mm (5.51 in) | 9.900 L (604.1 cu in) | 130 kW (170 hp) at 1,800 rpm | 165 kg (364 lb) | |
| 18AB | 18-cyl 2-row radial | 125 mm (4.92 in) | 180 mm (7.09 in) | 39.761 L (2,426.4 cu in) | 410 kW (550 hp) at 1,700 rpm | 450 kg (990 lb) | |
| 18ABs | 18-cyl 2-row radial | 125 mm (4.92 in) | 180 mm (7.09 in) | 39.761 L (2,426.4 cu in) | 480 kW (650 hp) at 1,700 rpm | 465 kg (1,025 lb) |
Applications
Nine cylinder engines
9AB
- Aviméta 132
- Bernard SIMB AB 16
- Blériot 135
- Blériot 290
- Boisavia B.604 Mercurey II
- Farman F.166
- Farman F.310
- Hanriot H.436
- Loire 30
- Loire 501
- Morane-Saulnier MS.130
- Morane-Saulnier MS.230
- Morane-Saulnier MS.237
- Morane-Saulnier MS.502
- Potez 33/2
- Romano R.82
- Romano R.83
- SET 3
- SNCAO 30
- Wibault 360 prototype
9AC
- ANF Les Mureaux 140T
- Bartel BM-2
- Besson MB.35
- Caudron C.240
- Farman F.202
- Hanriot H.36
- Hanriot H.41H
- Hanriot LH.12
- Hanriot HD.320
- Lioré et Olivier LeO H-180
- Morane-Saulnier MS.136
- Morane-Saulnier MS.137
- SPCA 40T
9AD
- Ace 300
- Angus Aquila (A.D.9)
- Arado L I
- Arpin A-1 Safety-Pin (A.D.9R srsIII)
- Aviaméta 9Ac
- B.A. Swallow (A.D.9)
- Bassou Roubis (9 AD
- BFW M.23a
- Boulton & Paul P.41 Phoenix II (A.D.9)
- British-Klemm Swallow (A.D.9R srsIII)
- Brochet MB.50
- Brochet MB.70
- CAP-4 Paulistinha prototype
- Caudron C.109
- Comper C.L.A.7 Swift (A.D.9)
- Couzinet 100 (9 ADb)
- Couzinet 103
- Dupuy D-40 (9 AD)
- Farman F.230
- Gerner G II R (9 AD)
- Hafner R.II Revoplane II (A.D.9)
- Henderson-Glenny Gadfly III
- Hinkler Ibis (A.D.9)
- Indraéro Aéro 20 (9 ADb)
- Indraéro Aéro 30 (9 AD)
- Indraéro Aéro 101 (9 ADb)
- Jodel D.11
- Jodel D.116
- Jodel D.116 (9 ADr)
- Klemm L.25 (A.D.9)
- Mauboussin M.120
- Morane-Saulnier MS.180
- Peyret-Mouboussin M.XII
- Payne Knight Twister prototype
- Parmentier Wee Mite (A.D.9)
- Piel CP.210 Pinocchio (9 AD)
- Rigault RP.01B
- RWD-2
- Salmson D-6 Cricri (9 ADr)
- Siebel Si 202A
- Starck AS-70 Jac
- Starck AS-72
- Taylor E-2 prototype
- Terle Sportplane (9 AD)
- WNF Wn 16
9AG
9AZ
9NC
- Besson MB.41
- Morane-Saulnier MS.191
- Morane-Saulnier MS.315
- Morane-Saulnier MS.343
- Salmson Phrygane D-2
- SPCA 41T
- SPCA 218
9ND
9NE
9NH
9NM
Seven cylinder engines
7AC
- Albert A-61
- Caudron C.191&2
- Caudron C.220
- Caudron C.270
- Dewoitine D.480
- Farman F.234
- Farman F.280
- Farman F.352
- Hanriot H.411
- Kellner-Béchereau 23
- Morane-Saulnier MS.132
- Morane-Saulnier MS.148
- Potez 36/5
Five cylinder engines
5Ap
5Aq
5AC
Specifications (9 Ab)
Data from Tsygulev
General characteristics
- Type: Nine-cylinder single-row supercharged air-cooled radial engine
- Bore: 125 mm (4.92 in)
- Stroke: 170 mm (6.69 in)
- Displacement: 18.765 L (1,145 in³)
- Length: 1,000 mm (39.37 in)
- Diameter: 1,180 mm (46.46 in)
- Dry weight: 265 kg (584 lb)
Components
- Valvetrain: Two overhead valves per cylinder
- Supercharger: Single-speed centrifugal type supercharger
- Fuel system: Zenith 42D carburetor
- Cooling system: Air-cooled
Performance
- Power output: 191 kW (256 hp) at 1,780 rpm for takeoff
- Specific power: 10.18 kW/L (0.22 hp/in³)
- Compression ratio: 5:1
- Specific fuel consumption: 328 g/(kW•h) (0.54 lb/(hp•h))
- Oil consumption: 19 g/(kW•h) (0.49 oz/(hp•h))
- Power-to-weight ratio: 0.72 kW/kg (0.44 hp/lb)
See also
Notes
- Gunston, Bill (1986). World Encyclopaedia of Aero Engines. Wellingborough: Patrick Stephens. p. 152.
- Lumsden, Alec. British Piston Engines and their Aircraft. Marlborough, Wiltshire: Airlife Publishing, 2003. ISBN 1-85310-294-6.
- Cuny, Jean. "Latécoère - Les Avions et Hydravions".Paris. Docavia/Editions Lariviere. 1992. ISBN 2-907051-01-6