Slobozhan dialect
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Slobozhan or Sloboda Ukrainian dialect (Ukrainian: Слобожанський говір), also known as Donets dialect (Ukrainian: Наддонецький говір) is a dialect of Ukrainian language spoken in the historical region of Sloboda Ukraine. It formed as a result of interaction between speakers of Middle Dnieprian, Eastern Polesian and Podolian dialects of Ukrainian, as well Southern Russian dialects, during the settlement of the area in the 16-17th centuries. Slobozhan dialect is classified among Southeastern Ukrainian dialects.
Features
Phonetics
Slobozhan dialect is characterized by a frequent presence of palatalized [t͡ʃ] (очьима, нечьиста). Like in other Southeastern dialects, і and у may be replaced with й and в respectively. Consonants before [i]<[o],[e],[ě] may be palatalized or non-palatalized. Word-final phonemes [t͡s], [t], [r] are palatalized, but labial consonants [p], [b], [v], [m], [f] never undergo palatalization in final position. There is no distinction between unstressed vowels [e] and [ɪ], sometimes also between [o] and [u].
Morphology
Infinitive verbs frequently end with -ть. Both simple and complex future forms exist (буду ходити, ходитиму). 3rd person singular verbs may take the form (він) хóде, рóбе; 1st person singular verbs - ходьу, мусьу; shortened forms of 3rd person verbs (він) пита, потопа.
Grammar
Along with Poltava subdialect, Slobozhan is known to use dual number.
Vocabulary
The dialect's vocabulary is significantly influenced by the Russian language.
Examples
| Slobozhan | Standard Ukrainian | English |
|---|---|---|
| лівуша, лівшак (livúsha, livshák) | лівша, шульга (livshá, shulhá) | left-handed person |
| глушпей, глушпет (hlushpéy, hlushpét) | глухий (hlukhýi) | deaf person |
| огуд (ohúd) | огудиння (ohudýnnya) | stalk (plant stem) |
| ламанка (lámanka) | бительня (bytél'nya) | a piece of equipment used for breaking of flax or hemp fibers |
| кобушка (kobúshka) | глечик (hléchyk) | a clay jug |
| рига (rýha) | клуня (klúnya) | barn |
| хобіття (khobíttya) | полова (polóva) | chaff (waste) |
| степ, неудобиця (step, neudóbytsia) | цілина (tsilyná) | virgin soil |
| кобець, рябець (kóbets', ryábets') | яструб (yástrub) | sparrowhawk |
| відволож (vídvolozh) | відлига (vidlyha) | thaw |
| сіверко (síverko) | холодно (khólodno) | cold (about weather) |
| половіддя (polovíddya) | повінь (póvin') | flood |
| накидка, настільник (nakýdka, nastíl'nyk) | скатерка, скатертина (skáterka, skatertýna) | tablecloth |
| звід (zvid) | журавель (zhuravél') | shadoof |
| халаш (khálash) | повітка, сарай (povítka, saray) | shed (building) |
External links
- A of Slobozhan Dialect from the border area of Poltava and Kharkiv Oblasts