Sofim 8140 engine
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The 8140 was a diesel engine made by Sofim for cars. Originally introduced as a swirl chamber, naturally aspirated diesel it was mostly used in commercial vehicles worldwide.
At the time of introduction, the 8140's overhead camshaft layout (driven by a toothed timingbelt) was unexpected in a diesel engine, which were typically overhead valve designs. Turbocharging the original engine, the design of which was finished in 1974, was impeded until 1985 due to restrictions of the original design. Heat flux issues with the aluminium head and swirl chambers were eventually overcome, but did slow down development. Before entering the market, Fiat tested the Sofim engine in its 131 model during the 1977 London-Sydney Marathon.
First direct injection models also appeared in the mid-1980s.
Additionally to the Fiat designation 8140 some engines got a Renault tag (S8 for indirect injection, S9 for direct injection).
2.0 L version
In the early beginning there was a 2-litre (1,995 cc) four-cylinder 65 PS (48 kW), called the Sofim 8144.65. Alongside the 2.4-litre version it was used in light commercial vehicles like the Saviem SG2, the first-generation Fiat/Iveco Daily (also marketed as the OM Grinta, Alfa Romeo AR8 Unic Daily, and Magirus Daily), as well as passenger cars like the Fiat 131 and 132 models. It also saw use in the Fiat Campagnola.
2.4 L version
The original 2.4 L big block displaces 2,445 cc (149.2 cu in), with a bore and stroke of 93 mm × 90 mm (3.7 in × 3.5 in).
| Engine type | Displacement cc | Max power PS (kW) at rpm | Max torque N⋅m (lb⋅ft) at rpm | Layout and number of cylinders | Valve / number of valves | Car | Years of production | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8144.61 | 2445 | 72 (53)/4200 | 147 N⋅m (108 lb⋅ft)/2400 | R4, IDI, naturally aspirated | OHC/8 | Fiat 131 Fiat 132 Fiat Argenta Fiat Campagnola Fiat Ducato Iveco Daily | 1978–1983 1978–1981 1981–1985 1979–1987 1981–1989 1978–1990 | |
| S8U 720/722 | 2445 | 71 (52)/4200 | 150 N⋅m (111 lb⋅ft)/2200 | R4, IDI, naturally aspirated | OHC/8 | Renault Trafic Renault Master | 1981–1989 | |
| 8144.21 | 2445 | 92 (68)/3800 | 216 N⋅m (159 lb⋅ft)/2200 | R4, DI, turbocharged | OHC/8 | Fiat Argenta Fiat Ducato | 1983–1985 1981–1989 | |
| 8140.21 | 2445 | 95 (71)/4100 | 217 N⋅m (160 lb⋅ft)/2300 | R4, DI, turbocharged | OHC/8 | Iveco TurboDaily | 1980–1990 | |
| S8U 750 | 2445 | 92 (68)/3800 | 216 N⋅m (159 lb⋅ft)/2200 | R4, IDI, turbocharged | OHC/8 | Renault Master B90 | 1986–1990 | |
| 8144.91 | 2445 | 101 (74)/4100 | 217 N⋅m (160 lb⋅ft)/2300 | R4, IDI, turbocharged, intercooled | OHC/8 | Fiat Croma Lancia Thema | 1985–1989 1984–1988 |
2.5 L version
In 1990 the 2.5 L was introduced with a longer stroke, increased by 2 mm to 92 mm. The bore remained unchanged at 93 mm, this version displaces 2,499 cc (152.5 cu in).
| Engine type | Displacement cc | Max power PS (kW) at rpm | Max torque N⋅m (lb⋅ft) at rpm | Layout and number of cylinders | Valve / number of valves | Car | Years of production |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8140.07 | 2499 | 75 PS (55 kW)/4200 76 PS (56 kW)/4000 | 162 N⋅m (119 lb⋅ft)/2200 165 N⋅m (122 lb⋅ft)/2400 | R4, DI, naturally aspirated | OHC/8 | Fiat Ducato Iveco TurboDaily Renault Trafic Renault Master Renault Messenger Tarpan Honker | 1989–1994 1990–1994 1990–1994 1990–1997 1990–1999 1991–1996 |
| 8144.67 | 2499 | 75 PS (55 kW)/4200 | 162 N⋅m (119 lb⋅ft)/2200 | R4, IDI, naturally aspirated | OHC/8 | Fiat Croma Fiat Ducato | 1989–1996 1989–1994 |
| S9U (8140.67) | 2499 | 80 PS (59 kW)/4000 | 155 N⋅m (114 lb⋅ft)/2200 | R4, IDI, naturally aspirated | OHC/8 | Renault Master Opel Movano Nissan Interstar | 1997–2000 1998–2000 1999–2000 |
| 8140.67 | 2499 | 84 PS (62 kW)/4200 | 164 N⋅m (121 lb⋅ft)/2400 | R4, IDI, naturally aspirated | OHC/8 | Fiat Ducato | 1994–1999 |
| 8140.27 | 2499 | 95 PS (70 kW)/3800 103 PS (76 kW)/3800 | 216 N⋅m (159 lb⋅ft)/2000 225 N⋅m (166 lb⋅ft)/2000 | R4, DI, turbocharged | OHC/8 | Fiat Ducato Iveco TurboDaily Renault Messenger Tarpan Honker | 1989–1994 1989–1994 1989–1996 1991–1996 |
| S9U (8140.27) | 2499 | 88 PS (65 kW)/3800 94 PS (69 kW)/3800 | 200 N⋅m (148 lb⋅ft)/2200 205 N⋅m (151 lb⋅ft)/2200 | R4, DI, turbocharged | OHC/8 | Renault Master | 1989–1990 1990–1994 |
| 8140.47 | 2499 | 116 PS (85 kW)/3800 | 245 N⋅m (181 lb⋅ft)/2000 | R4, DI, turbocharged, intercooled | OHC/8 | Fiat Ducato Iveco TurboDaily Renault Messenger | 1994–2002 1994–2000 1994–1996 |
| 8144.97 | 2499 | 116 PS (85 kW)/3900 | 245 N⋅m (181 lb⋅ft)/2200 | R4, IDI, turbocharged, intercooled | OHC/8 | Fiat Croma Lancia Thema | 1989–1996 |
| S8U-762 (8144.97) | 2499 | 113 PS (83 kW)/4000 | 240 N⋅m (177 lb⋅ft)/2000 | R4, IDI, turbocharged, intercooled | OHC/8 | Renault Safrane | 1992–1996 |
2.8 L version
The 2.8 L displaces 2800 cc having a larger bore and stroke of 94.4 mm × 100 mm (3.72 in × 3.94 in).
| Engine type | Displacement cc | Max power PS (kW) at rpm | Max torque N⋅m (lb⋅ft) at rpm | Layout and number of cylinders | Valve / number of valves | Car | Years of production |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8140.63 | 2799 | 87 (64)/3800 85 (63)/3800 | 180 N⋅m (133 lb⋅ft)/2000 | R4, IDI, naturally aspirated | OHC/8 | Fiat Ducato Iveco Daily Renault Mascott | 1998–2000 1996–1999 1999–2004 |
| 8140.23 | 2799 | 103 (76)/3600 106 (78)/3600 | 240 N⋅m (177 lb⋅ft)/1900 235 N⋅m (173 lb⋅ft)/1900 250 N⋅m (184 lb⋅ft)/1800 | R4, DI, turbocharged | OHC/8 | Iveco Daily Renault Messenger Renault Mascott | 1996–2000 1996–1999 1999–2004 |
| S9W (8140.43) | 2799 | 115 (84)/3600 | 260 N⋅m (192 lb⋅ft)/1800 | R4, DI, turbocharged, intercooled | OHC/8 | Renault Master Opel Movano Nissan Interstar | 1997–2000 1998–2000 1999–2000 |
| 8140.43 | 2799 | 118 (87)/3600 122 (90)/3600 | 270 N⋅m (199 lb⋅ft)/1800 285 N⋅m (210 lb⋅ft)/1800 | R4, DI, turbocharged, intercooled | OHC/8 | Fiat Ducato Citroën Jumper Peugeot Boxer Iveco Daily | 1997–2000 1997–2000 1997–2000 1996–2000 |
| 8140.43S | 2799 | 127 (93,5)/3600 125 (92)/3600 | 300 N⋅m (221 lb⋅ft)/1800 290 N⋅m (214 lb⋅ft)/1800 | R4, DI, common rail, turbocharged, intercooled | OHC/8 | Fiat Ducato Citroën Jumper Peugeot Boxer Iveco Daily Renault Mascott | 2000–2005 2000–2005 2000–2005 2000–2006 2000–2004 |
| 8140.43N | 2799 | 146 (107)/3600 | 310 N⋅m (229 lb⋅ft)/1500 320 N⋅m (236 lb⋅ft)/1500 | R4, DI, common rail, turbocharged, intercooled | OHC/8 | Fiat Ducato Citroën Jumper Peugeot Boxer Iveco Daily Renault Mascott | 2000–2005 2000–2005 2000–2005 2000–2006 2000–2004 |
F1A/F1C
After continuous development these engines are nowadays known as F1A (2.3 L) and F1C (3.0 L), available for marine and industrial use from Fiat Powertrain Technologies (FPT) and CNH Industrial (since 2012) respectively. The 3-liter version is also built by Mitsubishi Fuso for use in their medium-duty commercials, under the name 4P10.