The Pyrgomorphinae are a subfamily of grasshoppers (Orthoptera : Caelifera) in the family Pyrgomorphidae. Species are found in, predominantly in the warmer regions of: Central and South America, southern Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia and Pacific Islands. The type genus is Pyrgomorpha and names dates from "Pyrgomorphiden" by Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1874. The first use of Pyrgomorphinae was by Krauss in 1890.

Tribes and genera

The Orthoptera Species File lists the following:

Atractomorphini

Bolívar, 1905

Atractomorpha lata
  1. Atractomorpha Saussure, 1862 - Asia, Australia
  2. Occidentosphena Kevan, 1956 - Africa Occidentosphena ruandensis Occidentosphena uvarovi

Chlorizeinini

Kevan & Akbar, 1964; Distribution: Africa, Asia

  • Subtribe Chlorizeinina Kevan & Akbar, 1964
  1. Chlorizeina Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893
  2. Feacris Kevan, 1969
  3. Pterorthacris Uvarov, 1921
  • Subtribe Humpatellina Kevan & Akbar, 1964
  1. Cawendia Karsch, 1888
  2. Humpatella Karsch, 1896
  3. Pseudorubellia Dirsh, 1963
  • Subtribe Marsabitacridina Kevan & Akbar, 1964
  1. Katangacris Kevan & Akbar, 1964
  2. Marsabitacris Kevan, 1957

Chrotogonini

Bolívar, 1904; Distribution: Africa to central Asia

  1. Caconda Bolívar, 1884
  2. Chrotogonus Serville, 1838
  3. Micropterellus Braun, 2024
  4. Shoacris Kevan, 1952
  5. Stibarosterna Uvarov, 1953
  6. Tenuitarsus Bolívar, 1904

Desmopterini

Bolívar, 1905; Distribution: SE Asia, Australia

  1. Apodesmoptera Rehn, 1951
  2. Desmoptera Bolívar, 1884 Desmoptera truncatipennis
  3. Desmopterella Ramme, 1941
  4. Doriaella Bolívar, 1898
  5. Menesesia Willemse, 1922
  6. Menesesiella Kevan, 1963
  7. Paradoriaella Willemse, 1961
  8. Stenoxyphellus Ramme, 1941
  9. Stenoxyphula Kevan, 1963
  10. Stenoxyphus Blanchard, 1853

Dictyophorini

Kirby, 1902; Distribution: Africa

Mature and immature Dictyophorus spumans photographed in the Cedarberg in South Africa
  1. Camoensia
  2. Dictyophorus: including Dictyophorus spumans
  3. Loveridgacris
  4. Maura
  5. Parapetasia

Monistriini

Kevan & Akbar, 1964; Distribution: Australia

Monistria concinna
  1. Greyacris Greyacris profundesulcata
  2. Monistria
  3. Parastria Parastria reticulata
  4. Pileolum Pileolum kirbyi
  5. Yeelanna Yeelanna argus Yeelanna pavonina

Omurini

Kevan, 1961; Distribution: South America

  1. Algete Bolívar, 1905
  2. Minorissa Walker, 1870
  3. Omura Walker, 1870

Petasidini

Key, 1985; Distribution: Australia

  1. Petasida: monotypic P. ephippigera (Leichhardt's grasshopper)
  2. Scutillya: monotypic S. verrucosa (Giant spotted pyrgomorph)

Phymateini

Bolívar, 1884; Distribution: Africa (incl. Madagascar), China

Variegated grasshopper (Zonocerus variegatus) nymph, Ghana
  1. Paraphymateus
  2. Phymateus
  3. Physemophorus
  4. Phyteumas
  5. Rutidoderes
  6. Zonocerus

Poekilocerini

Burmeister, 1840; Distribution: Africa, India, Indo-China, Malesia, PNG

  1. Poekilocerus Serville, 1831

Psednurini

Burr, 1904; Distribution: Australia

  1. Propsednura Propsednura eyrei Propsednura peninsularis
  2. Psedna Psedna nana
  3. Psednura Psednura longicornis Psednura musgravei Psednura pedestris

Pseudomorphacridini

Kevan & Akbar, 1964; Distribution: Indo-China

  1. Pseudomorphacris Carl, 1916

Pyrgomorphini

Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1874; distribution: Africa, Southern Europe, W. Asia through to Indochina

subtribe Arbusculina Kevan, Akbar & Chang, 1975 (Cambodia)

  1. Arbuscula Bolívar, 1905 monotypic Arbuscula cambodjiana Bolívar, 1905

subtribe Geloiodina Kevan, Akbar & Chang, 1975 (W African islands)

  1. Geloiodes Chopard, 1958

subtribe Parasphenina Kevan & Akbar, 1964 (Africa)

  1. Afrosphena Kevan, 1956
  2. Afrosphenella Kevan & Akbar, 1963
  3. Chirindites Ramme, 1929
  4. Parasphena Bolívar, 1884
  5. Parasphenella Kevan, 1956
  6. Parasphenula Kevan, 1956
  7. Pezotagasta Uvarov, 1953
  8. Stenoscepa Karsch, 1896

subtribe Pyrgomorphina Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1874

  1. Anarchita Bolívar, 1904
  2. Carinisphena Kevan, 1966
  3. Laufferia Bolívar, 1904
  4. Leptea Bolívar, 1904
  5. Macroleptea Kevan, 1962
  6. †Miopyrgomorpha Kevan, 1964
  7. Ochrophlebia Stål, 1873
  8. Ochrophlegma Bolívar, 1904
  9. Phymella Uvarov, 1922
  10. Plerisca Bolívar, 1904
  11. Protanita Kevan, 1962
  12. Punctisphena Kevan, 1961
  13. Pyrgomorpha Serville, 1838
  14. Pyrgomorphella Bolívar, 1904
  15. Pyrgomorphellula Kevan & Hsiung, 1988
  16. Pyrgomorphula Kevan & Akbar, 1963
  17. Scabropyrgus Kevan, 1962
  18. Somalopyrgus Kevan & Akbar, 1964
  19. Tanita Bolívar, 1904
  20. Tanitella Kevan, 1962
  21. Zarytes Bolívar, 1904

Schulthessiini

Kevan & Akbar, 1964; Distribution: Madagascar

  1. Buyssoniella Bolívar, 1905
  2. Schulthessia Bolívar, 1905

Sphenariini

Bolívar, 1884 - Central America, Africa, China

  • Subtribe Mekongianina Kevan & Akbar, 1964
  1. Mekongiana Uvarov, 1940
  2. Mekongiella Kevan, 1966
  3. Yunnanites Uvarov, 1925
  • Subtribe Rubelliina Kevan & Akbar, 1964
  1. Rubellia Stål, 1875
  • Subtribe Sphenariina Bolívar, 1884
  1. Jaragua Perez-Gelabert, Dominici & Hierro, 1995
  2. Prosphena Bolívar, 1884
  3. Sphenarium Charpentier, 1845
  • Subtribe Sphenexiina Kevan & Akbar, 1964
  1. Sphenexia Karsch, 1896
  2. Xenephias Kevan, 1973

Tagastini

Bolívar, 1905; Distribution: SE Asia

  1. Annandalea Bolívar, 1905
  2. Tagasta Bolívar, 1905

Taphronotini

Bolívar, 1904; Distribution: Africa, India, Indo-China

Aularches miliaris
  1. Aularches Stål, 1873; monotypic: A. miliaris
  2. Taphronota Stål, 1873

Tribe not assigned

All genera are monotypic:

  • Eilenbergia: E. sagitta Mason, 1979
  • Megalopyrga: M. monochroma Baccetti, 1985
  • Paramekongiella: P. zhongdianensis Huang, 1990
  • Xiphipyrgus: X. tunstalli Kevan, 1982

External links

  • Media related to Pyrgomorphinae at Wikimedia Commons
  • Data related to Pyrgomorphinae at Wikispecies