Timeline of Peshawar
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The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Prior to 19th century
- 127 CE - Purushapura becomes eastern capital of Buddhist kingdom Gandhara (approximate date).
- 978 CE - Sabaktagin defeats Jayapala.
- 1001 - 27 November: Battle of Peshawar; Mahmud of Ghazni in power.
- 1006 - Mahmud of Ghazni defeats Anandapala.
- 1180 - Mu'izz-Ud-Din Muhammad Ibn Sam in power.
- 1630 - Mohabbat Khan Mosque built.
- 1758 - 8 May: Battle of Peshawar; Marathas in power.
19th century
- 1809 - Mountstuart Elphinstone arrives as ambassador to Shah Shujah.
- 1810 - Wazir Bagh (garden) laid out.[citation needed]
- 1825 - Sikh Ranjit Singh in power.
- 1834 Hari Singh Nalwa in power. Bala Hissar (fort) rebuilt.
- 1838 - Italian Paolo Avitabile in power.
- 1849 British in power. Gorak Nath Temple built.
- 1850s - Grand Trunk Road Lahore-Peshawar extension constructed (approximate date).
- 1851 - Peshawar cemetery established.
- 1860 - Flood.
- 1867 - Municipality constituted.
- 1868 British Peshawar Cantonment laid out near city. Population: 56,589 (city); 58,555 (municipality).
- 1881 - Population: 79,982.
- 1882 - Sethi Mohallah residence built.
- 1883 - All Saints Church opens in cantonment.
- 1891 - Population: 54,191.
- 1900 Cunningham clock tower built. Edwardes College established.
20th century
- 1901 City becomes capital of the North-West Frontier Province. Population: 95,147.
- 1906 - Victoria Hall built.
- 1907 - Peshawar Museum founded.
- 1909 - Ancient Buddhist Kanishka casket discovered by archaeologists in Shah-ji-Dheri near city.
- 1913 - Islamia College established.
- 1922 - Kapoor Haveli (residence) built.
- 1925 - Khaiber railway built.
- 1930 23 April: Qissa Khwani Bazaar massacre. Novelty cinema opens.
- 1932 - Khyber Mail newspaper begins publication.
- 1934 - Landsdowne cinema opens.
- 1936 - Radio station begins broadcasting.
- 1939 - Al Falah newspaper begins publication.
- 1941 Al-Jamiat-e-Sarhad newspaper begins publication. Population: 130,967.
Independence: since 1947
- 1947 - City becomes part of the Dominion of Pakistan.
- 1948 - City becomes capital of the Peshawar province.
- 1949 - Frontier Corps military reserve headquartered in Bala Hissar (fort).
- 1950 University of Peshawar established. Shahab-e-saqib and Qallandar Urdu-language newspapers begin publication.
- 1951 - Population: 151,776.
- 1954 - Khyber Medical College established.
- 1955 City becomes part of West Pakistan. The Statesman English-language newspaper begins publication. Abasin Arts Society established.
- 1956 - City becomes part of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan.
- 1958 - Amal newspaper begins publication.
- 1964 - Peshawar Press Club founded.
- 1965 - Bacha Khan International Airport in operation.
- 1972 - Population: 268,366.
- 1975 Qayyum Stadium opens. Hayatabad suburb established.
- 1976 - Wahdat Pashto-language newspaper begins publication.
- 1977 - Shahādat newspaper begins publication.
- 1980 - May: Explosion at Jamiat Islami Afghanistan headquarters.
- 1981 Population: 555,000. Kacha Garhi refugee camp established near city.
- 1982 Jalozai Afghan refugee camp in operation. Afghan Islamic Press news agency established.
- 1984 - Mujāhid Wulas newspaper begins publication.
- 1985 Karkhano Market and Nishtar Hall established. The Frontier Post (English-language) newspaper begins publication.
- 1987 - Frontier Times in publication (approximate date).
- 1994 - Bus hijacking.
- 1995 - Bombing.
- 1996 - Qalb-e-Asia Cultural Centre established.
- 1998 - Population: 982,816.
21st century
- 2004 - Peshawar Panthers cricket team formed.
- 2007 - 15 May: suicide Hotel bombing.
- 2008 - 6 September and 5 December: Bombings.
- 2009 5 March: Bombing at Rahman Baba shrine. 9 June: Pearl Continental hotel bombing. 9 October: Bombing in Khyber Bazaar. 28 October: Bombing in Mina Bazar. 19 November: Judicial complex bombing.
- 2010 5 April: attack on the United States consulate. 19 April: Bombing in Qissa Khwani Bazaar. July - August: Flood. Air pollution in Peshawar reaches annual mean of 111 PM2.5 and 540 PM10, much higher than recommended.
- 2011 PIA Planetarium inaugurated. Saeed Book Bank closes. 9 March: Suicide bombing. 10 May: Car bombing kills a journalist. 12 June: Double bombing in Khyber market area.
- 2012 - 15 December: Bacha Khan International Airport attack.
- 2013 21 June: Suicide bombing at Shia mosque in Gulshan Colony. 22 September: Double suicide bombing at a church. 29 September: Bombing at Qissa Khwani Bazaar.
- 2014 2 and 11 February: Cinema bombings. 16 December: School massacre.
- 2015 - 13 February: Mosque attack.
- 2016 - 16 March: Bus bombing.
- 2017 Population: 1,970,042. 15 February: Hayatabad bombing. 8 May: Bombings. Dengue outbreak. 24 November: Police vehicle attack. 1 December: Agricultural Directorate attack.
- 2018 - 10 July : Bombing.
- 2020 - 27 October: School boombing.
- 2022 - 4 March: Mosque attack.
See also
- History of Peshawar
- Timelines of other cities in Pakistan: Karachi, Lahore
- Urbanisation in Pakistan
Bibliography
Published in 19th century
- Edward Thornton (1844), "Peshawer", Gazetteer of the Countries Adjacent to India on the Northwest, London: W.H. Allen, hdl:, OCLC
- E.G.G. Hastings (1878), , Lahore
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - . Gazetteer of the Peshawar District. 1883. p. 287+. OCLC .
- David Ross (1883), , Land of the Five Rivers and Sindh: Sketches Historical and Descriptive, London: Chapman and Hall
- Edward Balfour (1885), , Cyclopaedia of India (3rd ed.), London: B. Quaritch
- Edward Thornton (1886), , in Roper Lethbridge and Arthur N. Wollaston (ed.), Gazetteer of the Territories under the Government of the Viceroy of India, London: W. H. Allen & Co., OCLC
Published in 20th century
- The Punjab, its Feudatories, and the North-West Frontier Province. Census of India, 1901. Vol. 17, Part 2. Simla. 1902.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - , Imperial Gazetteer of India (New ed.), Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1908
- "Peshawar". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 21 (11th ed.). 1910. pp. 282–283.
- , Handbook for Travellers in India, Burma, and Ceylon (8th ed.), London: J. Murray, 1911
- . Encyclopaedia of Islam. Leiden: E.J. Brill. 1927. p. 1066. ISBN 9789004097926. OCLC .
{{cite book}}:ISBN / Date incompatibility (help) - Peshawar District Gazetteer, Lahore, 1933
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - Ahmad Hasan Dani (1969). Peshawar, Historic City of the Frontier. Peshawar. OCLC .
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - Schellinger and Salkin, ed. (1996). "Peshawar". International Dictionary of Historic Places: Asia and Oceania. UK: Routledge. p. 669+. ISBN 9781884964046.
Published in 21st century
- Maneesha Tikekar (2004), "Peshawar", Across the Wagah: an Indian's sojourn in Pakistan, New Delhi: Promilla & Co. in association with Bibliophile South Asia, New Jersey, ISBN 8185002347
- C.C. Davies; C.E. Bosworth (2007). "Peshawar". In C. E. Bosworth (ed.). Historic Cities of the Islamic World. Leiden: Koninklijke Brill. p. 426+. ISBN 9789004153882.
External links
34°01′00″N 71°35′00″E/34.016667°N 71.583333°E/ 34.016667; 71.583333