The Toyota C engine family was a series of inline-4 diesel engines. Japanese market vehicles with diesel engines were exclusive to Toyota Japan dealerships called Toyota Diesel Shop locations from 1979 until the dealership was cancelled in 1988.

There were two earlier generations of an engine Toyota named as the "Type C". The first generation was introduced in 1940 as a modification of the Type A engine and ran on petrol. This first "Type C" was installed in the Toyota AE. The second generation “C” was the diesel engine used in the 1959 Toyota Crown CS20. None of the generations designs are related to each other.

C

The original C engine was first introduced on October 11, 1958 in a prototype Crown Diesel (CS20) at the 5th Tokyo Motor Show with sales commencing on October 19th the following year. Derived from the R-series petrol engine, it has a displacement of 1,491cc and produces 40PS (29kW). It was underpowered, and due to the use of the insufficiently strong R-series block it was also not very durable. When the new 3R engine required a re-designed block, Toyota chose to cancel the C engine rather than re-engineer it. Production ended in March 1961, and Toyota chose to focus on the more powerful diesel J engine which appeared in 1964.

Applications:

Technical specifications:

  • Type:4-stroke Inline 4 cylinder, Swirl Chamber Indirect Injection Diesel
  • Capacity: 1,491 cc
  • Bore: 78mm
  • Stroke: 78mm
  • Compression Ratio: 19:1
  • Power: 40PS (29kW; 39hp) at 4000rpm
  • Torque: 8.5kg⋅m (83N⋅m; 61lb⋅ft) at 2400rpm

Features at a glance

CodeCapacity (cc)Bore (mm)Stroke (mm)InjectionTurbo
1C183983.085.0
1C-L183983.085.0
1C-LC183983.085.0
1C-TL183983.085.0turbo
1C-TLC183983.085.0turbo
2C197486.085.0
2C-L197486.085.0
2C-E197486.085.0EFI
2C-T197486.085.0turbo
2C-TL197486.085.0turbo
2C-TLC197486.085.0turbo
2C-TE197486.085.0EFIturbo
3C21848694
3C-E21848694EFI
3C-T21848694turbo
3C-TE21848694EFIturbo

1C

1C, 1C-L, 1C-LC

The First Generation 1C was first introduced in the seventh generation Corona on January 26, 1982 and May 12, 1983 for transversely mounted applications as the 1C-L in the front-wheel drive models of the fifth Generation Corolla. It used a direct drive OHC mechanism that would later be adopted by the L series engine.

Technical specifications(1C/1C-L):

  • Type:Inline 4, Precombustion Chamber Indirect Injection Diesel
  • Fuel injection system:Distributor Type
  • Capacity: 1,839 cc
  • Bore: 83mm
  • Stroke: 85mm
  • Compression Ratio: 22.5:1

Applications:

63PS (46kW; 62hp) at 4500 rpm, 11.3kg⋅m (111N⋅m; 82lb⋅ft) at 3000rpm (Japan, Gross JIS)

-

65PS (48kW; 64hp) at 4500 rpm, 11.5kg⋅m (113N⋅m; 83lb⋅ft) at 3000rpm (Japan, Gross JIS)

1C-II

The second generation 1C engine updated with a higher compression ratio of 23:1

Applications:

64PS (47kW; 63hp) at 4700 rpm, 12kg⋅m (118N⋅m; 87lb⋅ft) at 2600rpm (Japan, Net JIS)

1C-III

Uprated version of the 1C-II

Applications:

67PS (49kW; 66hp) at 4700 rpm, 12.5kg⋅m (123N⋅m; 90lb⋅ft) at 3000rpm (Japan, Net JIS)

1C-TL, 1C-TLC

Introduced on August 18, 1983 in the V10-series Camry/Vista it is the turbocharged version of the first generation 1C. This model was only installed in the V10-series Camry/Vista . The European model premiered at the 1983 Frankfurt Motor Show and produces 73PS (54kW) at 4500rpm and 145N⋅m (107lb⋅ft) at 2600rpm.

Applications:

74PS (54kW; 73hp) at 4500 rpm, 14.3kg⋅m (140N⋅m; 103lb⋅ft) at 3000rpm (US, Net SAE)

73PS (54kW; 72hp) at 4700 rpm, 14.8kg⋅m (145N⋅m; 107lb⋅ft) at 2600rpm (Europe)

80PS (59kW; 79hp) at 4700 rpm, 15.5kg⋅m (152N⋅m; 112lb⋅ft) at 2400rpm (Japan, Gross JIS)

2C

The 2C was a long running diesel engine, with some models (e.g. Corona, Townace, Liteace) receiving the turbo version 2C-T which provided 65kW. It was replaced by the more economical 3C-TE in the above models from 1999.

2C, 2C-L

Output:

  • 2C, 2C-L: 73hp (54kW) at 4700rpm, and torque 97lb·ft (132 N·m) at 3000rpm

Applications:

  • CT141 Corona taxi 1986-1991
  • CXC10 Deliboy 1991-1994
  • CM26 LiteAce 1985-1986 (Japan)

68PS (50kW; 67hp) at 4500 rpm, 12kg⋅m (118N⋅m; 87lb⋅ft) at 3000rpm (Europe, DIN)

72PS (53kW; 71hp) at 4500 rpm, 12.8kg⋅m (126N⋅m; 93lb⋅ft) at 2600rpm (Japan, Gross JIS)

2C-II

The second generation 2C engine updated with a higher compression ratio of 23:1

Applications:

70PS (51kW; 69hp) at 4600 rpm, 13.1kg⋅m (128N⋅m; 95lb⋅ft) at 2600rpm (Europe, EEC)

70PS (51kW; 69hp) at 4700 rpm, 13kg⋅m (127N⋅m; 94lb⋅ft) at 2600rpm (Japan, Net JIS)

75PS (55kW; 74hp) at 4700 rpm, 13.5kg⋅m (132N⋅m; 98lb⋅ft) at 2600rpm (Japan, Gross JIS)

2C-III

Uprated version of the 2C-II

Applications:

72PS (53kW; 71hp) at 4600 rpm, 13.4kg⋅m (131N⋅m; 97lb⋅ft) at 2800rpm (Pakistan, Net SAE)

73PS (54kW; 72hp) at 4700 rpm, 13.5kg⋅m (132N⋅m; 98lb⋅ft) at 3000rpm (Japan, Net JIS)

73PS (54kW; 72hp) at 4700 rpm, 13.5kg⋅m (132N⋅m; 98lb⋅ft) at 2800rpm (Japan, Net JIS)

73PS (54kW; 72hp) at 4700 rpm, 13.2kg⋅m (129N⋅m; 95lb⋅ft) at 2800rpm (Japan, Net JIS)

73PS (54kW; 72hp) at 4700 rpm, 13.5kg⋅m (132N⋅m; 98lb⋅ft) at 3000rpm (Japan, Net JIS)/(Europe)

73PS (54kW; 72hp) at 4700 rpm, 13.2kg⋅m (129N⋅m; 95lb⋅ft) at 2500rpm (Japan, Net JIS)

70PS (51kW; 69hp) at 4600 rpm, 13.4kg⋅m (131N⋅m; 97lb⋅ft) at 2500rpm (Europe, EEC)

73PS (54kW; 72hp) at 4700 rpm, 13.5kg⋅m (132N⋅m; 98lb⋅ft) at 2800rpm (Japan, Net JIS)

70PS (51kW; 69hp) at 4600 rpm, 12.7kg⋅m (125N⋅m; 92lb⋅ft) at 3000rpm (Philippines, Net SAE)

2C-E

EFI version of the 2C-III

Applications:

72PS (53kW; 71hp) at 4600 rpm, 16.3kg⋅m (160N⋅m; 118lb⋅ft) at 2600rpm (Europe) 75PS (55kW; 74hp) at 4500 rpm, 16.3kg⋅m (160N⋅m; 118lb⋅ft) at 2400rpm (Japan; JIS Net)

  • CE110 Corolla 23.05.1997-01.02.2000

2C-T, 2C-TL, 2C-TLC

Turbocharged version of the 2C engine with a compression ratio of 22.5:1

Applications:

80PS (59kW; 79hp) at 4500 rpm, 16.2kg⋅m (159N⋅m; 117lb⋅ft) at 3000rpm (US, Net SAE)

2C-(II)T

Turbocharged variant of the higher compression 2C-II engine adopting the Ceramic reinforced pistons from the 2LTE series.

Note: Toyota

Applications:

82PS (60kW; 81hp) at 4500 rpm, 16.3kg⋅m (160N⋅m; 118lb⋅ft) at 2400rpm (Japan, Net JIS)

  • CM30/40 LiteAce 1985-1992 (Japan only)

84PS (62kW; 83hp) at 4500 rpm, 16.7kg⋅m (164N⋅m; 121lb⋅ft) at 2400rpm (Europe)

82PS (60kW; 81hp) at 4500 rpm, 16.3kg⋅m (160N⋅m; 118lb⋅ft) at 2400rpm (Japan, Net JIS)

82PS (60kW; 81hp) at 4500 rpm, 16.3kg⋅m (160N⋅m; 118lb⋅ft) at 2400rpm (Japan, Net JIS)

88PS (65kW; 87hp) at 4000 rpm, 17kg⋅m (167N⋅m; 123lb⋅ft) at 2400rpm (Japan, Gross JIS)

2C-(III)T

Revised variant of the 2C-(II)T fitted with Diesel Smoke Control System to meet stricter Japanese and Euro 2 emission standards.

Applications:

  • CT220 Avensis 1997-2000 (ex. Europe)

Non Intercooled

82PS (60kW; 81hp) at 4000 rpm, 17.7kg⋅m (174N⋅m; 128lb⋅ft) at 2000rpm (Europe)

88PS (65kW; 87hp) at 4000 rpm, 18kg⋅m (177N⋅m; 130lb⋅ft) at 2200rpm (Japan, Net JIS)

Intercooled

91PS (67kW; 90hp) at 4400 rpm, 19.4kg⋅m (190N⋅m; 140lb⋅ft) at 2600rpm (Japan, Net JIS)

2C-TE

EFI variant of the 2C-(III)T adopting electronic throttle control.

Applications:

90PS (66kW; 89hp) at 4000 rpm, 20.7kg⋅m (203N⋅m; 150lb⋅ft) at 2200rpm (Europe)

  • CT220 Avensis 1997-2000 (Europe only)

3C

Although having a larger displacement than the 2C-T, the 3C-TE was more economical and powerful at 100PS. The C series engines were replaced by the CD series in the European market, while Toyota stopped selling diesel non-commercial models in Japan after the 3C-TE.

3C-E

EFI version with compression ratio of 23.0:1

79.0 PS (58.0kW; 78.0 HP) at 4,400 rpm

Applications:

79PS (58kW; 78hp) at 4400 rpm, 15kg⋅m (147N⋅m; 108lb⋅ft) at 2400rpm (Japan, Net JIS)

3C-T

Turbocharged version with compression ratio of 22.6:1(Non Intercooled) or 20.0:1(Intercooled).

From 88.0 PS (65.0kW; 87.0 HP) at 4,000 rpm to 91.0 PS (67.0kW; 90.0 HP) at 4,000 rpm

Applications:

Non Intercooled

91PS (67kW; 90hp) at 4000 rpm, 19.6kg⋅m (192N⋅m; 142lb⋅ft) at 2000rpm (Japan, Net JIS)

91PS (67kW; 90hp) at 4000 rpm, 19.8kg⋅m (194N⋅m; 143lb⋅ft) at 2200rpm (Japan, Net JIS)

Intercooled

100PS (74kW; 99hp) at 4200 rpm, 22kg⋅m (216N⋅m; 159lb⋅ft) at 2600rpm (Japan, Net JIS)

3C-TE

Turbocharged version with EFI and compression ratio of 22.6:1.

From 94.0 PS (69.0kW; 92.0 HP) at 4,400 rpm to 100.0 PS (74.0kW; 99.0 HP) at 4,200 rpm

Applications:

Non Intercooled

90PS (66kW; 89hp) at 4000 rpm, 20.9kg⋅m (205N⋅m; 151lb⋅ft) at 2000-2400rpm (Europe)

94PS (69kW; 93hp) at 4000 rpm, 21.0kg⋅m (206N⋅m; 152lb⋅ft) at 2200rpm (Japan, Net JIS)

-

94PS (69kW; 93hp) at 4000 rpm, 21.5kg⋅m (211N⋅m; 156lb⋅ft) at 2000rpm (Japan, Net JIS)

-

94PS (69kW; 93hp) at 4000 rpm, 21.0kg⋅m (206N⋅m; 152lb⋅ft) at 2200rpm (Japan, Net JIS)

Intercooled

105PS (77kW; 104hp) at 4200 rpm, 23kg⋅m (226N⋅m; 166lb⋅ft) at 2600rpm (Japan, Net JIS)