Vilyuysk
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Vilyuysk (Russian: Вилюйск, IPA: [vʲɪˈlʲʉjsk]; Yakut: Бүлүү, Bülüü) is a town and the administrative center of Vilyuysky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, located on the Vilyuy River (left tributary of the Lena), about 600 kilometers (370 mi) from Yakutsk, the capital of the republic. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 10,234.
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1897 | 611 | — |
| 1926 | 1,300 | +112.8% |
| 1939 | 3,147 | +142.1% |
| 1959 | 4,817 | +53.1% |
| 1970 | 6,215 | +29.0% |
| 1979 | 7,108 | +14.4% |
| 1989 | 8,988 | +26.4% |
| 2002 | 9,776 | +8.8% |
| 2010 | 10,234 | +4.7% |
| 2021 | 10,032 | −2.0% |
| Source: Census data |
History
The first permanent settlement on the site of the present town was a Cossack winter settlement founded in 1634 as Tyukanskoye[citation needed] or Verkhnevilyuyskoye.
Members of the peasant rebellion led by Yemelyan Pugachev were exiled to the area in the 1770s, building the new town of Olensk in 1783. The town's name was derived from the Russian word "олень" (olen), meaning "stag", as still seen in the town's symbols. The town was renamed Vilyuysk after the river on which it stands in 1821.[citation needed]
Kate Marsden visited in 1891 on her mission to treat lepers in the region, and returned in 1897 to establish a hospital.
Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of administrative divisions, Vilyuysk serves as the administrative center of Vilyuysky District. As an inhabited locality, Vilyuysk is classified as a town under district jurisdiction. As an administrative division, it is, together with one rural locality (the selo of Sosnovka), incorporated within Vilyuysky District as the Town of Vilyuysk. As a municipal division, the Town of Vilyuysk is incorporated within Vilyuysky Municipal District as Vilyuysk Urban Settlement.
Transportation
The Vilyuysk Airport is located near the town.
Climate
Vilyuysk has an extremely continental subarctic climate (Köppen climate classification Dfc). Winters are extremely cold, with January average temperatures about -34.4 °C (-29.9 °F), while summers are short but very warm, with average temperatures about 19.2 °С (66.6 °F) in July. Summer temperatures are actually quite high for its altitude due to its long distance from the moderating influence of the oceans. Precipitation is quite low, but is significantly higher in summer than at other times of the year.
| Climate data for Vilyuysk | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | −0.4 (31.3) | −2.0 (28.4) | 10.1 (50.2) | 18.6 (65.5) | 30.4 (86.7) | 36.5 (97.7) | 37.8 (100.0) | 36.0 (96.8) | 27.7 (81.9) | 18.0 (64.4) | 3.7 (38.7) | −2.1 (28.2) | 37.8 (100.0) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −30.7 (−23.3) | −25.1 (−13.2) | −11.0 (12.2) | 2.0 (35.6) | 12.0 (53.6) | 22.6 (72.7) | 25.4 (77.7) | 20.8 (69.4) | 10.8 (51.4) | −3.2 (26.2) | −21.1 (−6.0) | −31.1 (−24.0) | −2.4 (27.7) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −34.4 (−29.9) | −30.1 (−22.2) | −18.1 (−0.6) | −4.4 (24.1) | 6.4 (43.5) | 16.3 (61.3) | 19.2 (66.6) | 14.8 (58.6) | 5.8 (42.4) | −6.8 (19.8) | −24.9 (−12.8) | −34.5 (−30.1) | −7.6 (18.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −38.0 (−36.4) | −34.6 (−30.3) | −25.0 (−13.0) | −11.2 (11.8) | 0.5 (32.9) | 9.9 (49.8) | 13.2 (55.8) | 9.1 (48.4) | 1.4 (34.5) | −10.3 (13.5) | −28.5 (−19.3) | −37.8 (−36.0) | −12.6 (9.3) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −60.9 (−77.6) | −58.0 (−72.4) | −50.0 (−58.0) | −40.2 (−40.4) | −23.0 (−9.4) | −5.3 (22.5) | 0.0 (32.0) | −6.3 (20.7) | −15.4 (4.3) | −39.8 (−39.6) | −52.7 (−62.9) | −57.9 (−72.2) | −60.9 (−77.6) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 13 (0.5) | 11 (0.4) | 10 (0.4) | 11 (0.4) | 26 (1.0) | 35 (1.4) | 52 (2.0) | 43 (1.7) | 33 (1.3) | 25 (1.0) | 19 (0.7) | 14 (0.6) | 292 (11.4) |
| Average rainy days | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 11 | 14 | 13 | 13 | 15 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 75 |
| Average snowy days | 21 | 18 | 15 | 11 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 24 | 21 | 20 | 143 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 74 | 75 | 68 | 58 | 54 | 55 | 60 | 66 | 71 | 77 | 77 | 75 | 68 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 16 | 95 | 204 | 267 | 290 | 317 | 342 | 252 | 153 | 83 | 44 | 5 | 2,068 |
| Source 1: pogoda.ru.net | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: NOAA (sun only, 1961-1990) |
Naming honors
The minor planet 2890 Vilyujsk, discovered in 1978 by Soviet astronomer Lyudmila Zhuravlyova, is named after the town.
Notes
Sources
- Official website of the Sakha Republic. Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Divisions of the Sakha Republic. . (in Russian)
- Государственное Собрание (Ил Тумэн) Республики Саха (Якутия). Закон №172-З №351-III от 30 ноября 2004 г. «Об установлении границ и о наделении статусом муниципального района муниципальных образований Республики Саха (Якутия)», в ред. Закона №1535-З №597-V от 27 ноября 2015 г. «О внесении изменений в статьи 1 и 2 Закона Республики Саха (Якутия) "Об установлении границ и о наделении статусом муниципального района муниципальных образований Республики Саха (Якутия)"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Якутия", №245, 31 декабря 2004 г. (State Assembly (Il Tumen) of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic. Law #172-Z No. 351-III of November 30, 2004 On Establishing the Borders and on Granting the Municipal District Status to the Municipal Formations of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic, as amended by the Law #1535-Z No. 597-V of November 27, 2015 On Amending Articles 1 and 2 of the Law of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic "On Establishing the Borders and on Granting the Municipal District Status to the Municipal Formations of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
- Государственное Собрание (Ил Тумэн) Республики Саха (Якутия). Закон №173-З №353-III от 30 ноября 2004 г. «Об установлении границ и о наделении статусом городского и сельского поселений муниципальных образований Республики Саха (Якутия)», в ред. Закона №1058-З №1007-IV от 25 апреля 2012 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Республики Саха (Якутия) "Об установлении границ и о наделении статусом городского и сельского поселений муниципальных образований Республики Саха (Якутия)"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Якутия", №245, 31 декабря 2004 г. (State Assembly (Il Tumen) of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic. Law #173-Z No. 353-III of November 30, 2004 On Establishing the Borders and on Granting the Urban and Rural Settlement Status to the Municipal Formations of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic, as amended by the Law #1058-Z No. 1007-IV of April 25, 2012 On Amending the Law of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic "On Establishing the Borders and on Granting the Urban and Rural Settlement Status to the Municipal Formations of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).