Eure
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Eure (/ɜːr/ UR; French pronunciation: [œʁ]; Norman: Eure or Eûre) is a department in the administrative region of Normandy, northwestern France, named after the river Eure. Its prefecture is Évreux. In 2023, Eure had a population of 602,714.
History
Eure is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790. It was created from part of the former province of Normandy. The name in fact is taken from the Eure river flowing mainly in this department.
After the allied victory at Waterloo, Eure was occupied by Prussian troops between June 1815 and November 1818.
In the wake of Louis-Napoléon's December coup of 1851, Eure was one of the departments placed under a state of emergency in order to avert resistance to the post-republican régime. In the event fewer than 100 government opponents in Eure were arrested.
Geography
Eure is part of the current region of Normandy and is surrounded by the departments of Seine-Maritime, Oise, Val-d'Oise, Yvelines, Eure-et-Loir, Orne, and Calvados. It also has a short coastline within the Atlantic Ocean across the Seine estuary. It is the only Normand department to border the region of Île-de-France.
The department is a largely wooded plateau intersected by the valleys of the river Seine and its tributaries. The altitude varies from sea level in the north to 248 metres (814 feet) above it in the south.
Principal towns
The most populous commune is Évreux, the prefecture. As of 2023, there are 6 communes with more than 10,000 inhabitants:
| Commune | Population (2023) |
|---|---|
| Évreux | 49,360 |
| Vernon | 25,290 |
| Louviers | 18,705 |
| Val-de-Reuil | 13,245 |
| Gisors | 12,410 |
| Pont-Audemer | 10,023 |
Demographics
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| Historical population | ||
| YearPop.±% p.a.1791385,206—1801402,796+0.45%1806421,344+0.90%1821416,178−0.08%1831424,248+0.19%1841425,780+0.04%1851415,777−0.24%1861398,661−0.42%1872377,874−0.49%1881364,291−0.41%1891349,471−0.41%1901334,781−0.43%1911323,651−0.34%1921303,159−0.65% | YearPop.±% p.a.1931305,788+0.09%1936303,829−0.13%1946315,902+0.39%1954332,514+0.64%1962361,943+1.07%1968383,385+0.96%1975422,952+1.41%1982462,254+1.28%1990513,818+1.33%1999541,054+0.58%2007572,105+0.70%2012591,616+0.67%2017601,843+0.34%2023602,714+0.02% | |
| 1791 | 385,206 | — |
| 1801 | 402,796 | +0.45% |
| 1806 | 421,344 | +0.90% |
| 1821 | 416,178 | −0.08% |
| 1831 | 424,248 | +0.19% |
| 1841 | 425,780 | +0.04% |
| 1851 | 415,777 | −0.24% |
| 1861 | 398,661 | −0.42% |
| 1872 | 377,874 | −0.49% |
| 1881 | 364,291 | −0.41% |
| 1891 | 349,471 | −0.41% |
| 1901 | 334,781 | −0.43% |
| 1911 | 323,651 | −0.34% |
| 1921 | 303,159 | −0.65% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1931 | 305,788 | +0.09% |
| 1936 | 303,829 | −0.13% |
| 1946 | 315,902 | +0.39% |
| 1954 | 332,514 | +0.64% |
| 1962 | 361,943 | +1.07% |
| 1968 | 383,385 | +0.96% |
| 1975 | 422,952 | +1.41% |
| 1982 | 462,254 | +1.28% |
| 1990 | 513,818 | +1.33% |
| 1999 | 541,054 | +0.58% |
| 2007 | 572,105 | +0.70% |
| 2012 | 591,616 | +0.67% |
| 2017 | 601,843 | +0.34% |
| 2023 | 602,714 | +0.02% |
| Sources: |
Politics
The President of the Departmental Council is Sébastien Lecornu of La République En Marche!.
| Party | seats | |
|---|---|---|
| • | Socialist Party | 12 |
| Union for a Popular Movement | 11 | |
| • | Miscellaneous Left | 7 |
| • | French Communist Party | 4 |
| Miscellaneous Right | 4 | |
| New Centre | 3 | |
| • | Left Radical Party | 2 |
Presidential elections 2nd round
| Election | Winning candidate | Party | % | 2nd place candidate | Party | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2022 | Emmanuel Macron | LREM | 48.62 | Marine Le Pen | RN | 51.38 | |
| 2017 | Emmanuel Macron | LREM | 54.35 | Marine Le Pen | FN | 45.65 | |
| 2012 | Nicolas Sarkozy | UMP | 52.45 | François Hollande | PS | 47.55 | |
| 2007 | Nicolas Sarkozy | UMP | 57.37 | Ségolène Royal | PS | 42.63 | |
| 2002 | Jacques Chirac | RPR | 78.22 | Jean-Marie Le Pen | FN | 21.78 |
Current National Assembly Representatives
Tourism
The main tourist attraction is Giverny 4 km (2½ miles) from Vernon) where Claude Monet's house and garden can be seen, as well as other places of interest (see external links, below).
The Abbey of Bec and the Château-Gaillard near Les Andelys are other important tourist attractions.
The Château of Buisson de May was built by the royal architect Jacques Denis Antoine from 1781 to 1783.
- Château de Beaumesnil
- Château de Gisors
- Giverny: Claude Monet's house
- Louviers: Church of Notre-Dame de Louviers
- Château de Gaillon
See also
- Cantons of the Eure department
- Communes of the Eure department
- Arrondissements of the Eure department
- Château d'Harcourt
- Château de Gisors
External links
- (in French)
- (in French)
- (in English)