Legislature of Ontario
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The Legislature of Ontario (also commonly known as the Provincial Parliament of Ontario) is made of two elements: the lieutenant governor (representing the King of Canada), and the Legislative Assembly of Ontario. The Legislature was established on July 1, 1867 following the creation of Ontario as one of the first four provinces of Canada. The seat of the Legislature has been the Ontario Legislative Building in Queen's Park, Toronto since 1893.
Like the Canadian federal government, Ontario uses a Westminster-style parliamentary government, in which members are sent to the Legislative Assembly after general elections. Like all the provincial governments, the concept of responsible government is followed, and the Premier of Ontario and their cabinet is accountable to the Legislative Assembly.
List of Parliaments
This is a list of the Parliaments of the Ontario Legislative Assembly, the legislature of the Canadian province of Ontario, since Canadian Confederation in 1867. The Legislative Assembly has existed since 1867 when the British North America Act, 1867 severed the Province of Canada into two new provinces, with the portion then called Canada West becoming Ontario. For the Parliaments prior to Confederation, see Parliament of the Province of Canada (1841 to 1867) and Parliament of Upper Canada (1791 to 1841).
| Assembly Seats/Sessions | Election (ministry formed) dissolution | Conservative/Progressive Conservative New Democratic Party Co-operative Commonwealth Federation Liberal United Farmers of Ontario Labour | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conservative/Progressive Conservative New Democratic Party Co-operative Commonwealth Federation | Liberal United Farmers of Ontario Labour | |||||
| Premier (ministry) Command of parliament | Leader of the opposition of other recognized parties | Speaker | ||||
| 1st Parliament 82 seats, 4 sessions | September 3, 1867 February 25, 1871 | John Sandfield Macdonald (ministry) | Archibald McKellar(de facto to Feb 1870)Edward Blake (from Feb 1870) | John Stevenson | ||
| 2nd Parliament 82 seats, 4 sessions | March 21, 1871 | Richard Scott (1871) | ||||
| December 19, 1871 | Edward Blake (ministry) 40 / 74(54%) | Matthew Crooks Cameron (to 1878) | James Currie (1871–73) Rupert Wells (1874) | |||
| October 25, 1872 December 21, 1874 | Oliver Mowat (ministry) 2nd 59 / 88(67%) 3rd 51 / 88(58%) 4th 57 / 88(65%) 5th 50 / 88(57%) 6th 57 / 90(63%) 7th 55 / 91(60%) 8th 59 / 94(63%) | |||||
| 3rd Parliament 88 seats, 4 sessions | January 18, 1875 April 25, 1879 | Rupert Wells | ||||
| William Ralph Meredith (from 1878) | ||||||
| 4th Parliament 88 seats, 4 sessions | June 5, 1879 February 1, 1883 | Charles Clarke | ||||
| 5th Parliament 88 seats, 3 sessions | February 27, 1883 November 15, 1886 | |||||
| 6th Parliament 90 seats, 4 sessions | December 28, 1886 April 26, 1890 | Jacob Baxter | ||||
| 7th Parliament 91 seats, 4 sessions | June 5, 1890 May 29, 1894 | Thomas Ballantyne | ||||
| 8th Parliament 94 seats, 4 sessions | June 26, 1894 | George Marter (to 1896) | William Balfour (to 1896) | |||
| July 21, 1896 January 28, 1898 | Arthur Hardy (ministry) 8th 62 / 93(67%) 9th 51 / 94(54%) | James Whitney | Francis Evanturel (from 1897) | |||
| 9th Parliament 94 seats, 5 sessions | March 1, 1898 | |||||
| October 20, 1899 April 19, 1902 | George Ross (ministry) 9th 50 / 91(55%) 10th 50 / 98(51%) | |||||
| 10th Parliament 98 seats, 2 sessions | May 29, 1902 December 13, 1904 | William Charlton | ||||
| 11th Parliament 98 seats, 4 sessions | January 25, 1905 May 2, 1908 | James Whitney (ministry) 11th 70 / 98(71%) 12th 86 / 106(81%) 13th 82 / 106(77%) 14th 84 / 111(76%) | George Ross (to Jan 1907) George P. Graham (to Sept 1907) | Joseph St. John (to 1907) | ||
| Alexander Grant MacKay (from Sept 1907) | Thomas Crawford (from 1907) | |||||
| 12th Parliament 106 seats, 3 sessions | June 8, 1908 November 13, 1911 | |||||
| 13th Parliament 106 seats, 3 sessions | December 11, 1911 May 29, 1914 | Newton Rowell (resigned 1917) | William Hoyle | |||
| 14th Parliament 111 seats, 5 sessions | June 29, 1914 | David Jamieson | ||||
| October 2, 1914 September 23, 1919 | William Hearst (ministry) 84 / 111(76%) | William Proudfoot (from 1917) | ||||
| 15th Parliament 111 seats, 4 sessions | October 20, 1919 May 10, 1923 | Ernest Drury (ministry)58 /111 (52%) Walter Rollo | Hartley Dewart (to 1921) Wellington Hay (1921 onward) Howard Ferguson | Nelson Parliament | ||
| Walter Rollo | ||||||
| Howard Ferguson | ||||||
| 16th Parliament 111 seats, 3 sessions | June 25, 1923 October 18, 1926 | Howard Ferguson (ministry) 16th 75 / 111(68%) 17th 74 / 112(66%) 18th 92 / 112(82%) | W. E. N. Sinclair | Joseph Thompson | ||
| 17th Parliament 112 seats, 3 sessions | December 1, 1926 September 17, 1929 | William Black | ||||
| 18th Parliament 112 seats, 5 sessions | October 30, 1929 | Thomas Kidd | ||||
| December 16, 1930 May 16, 1934 | George Stewart Henry (ministry) 91 / 112(81%) | |||||
| 19th Parliament 90 seats, 3 sessions | June 19, 1934 August 25, 1937 | Mitchell Hepburn (ministry) 19th 70 / 90(78%) 20th 66 / 90(73%) | George Stewart Henry (to 1939) | Norman Hipel(to 1938) | ||
| 20th Parliament 90 seats, 8 sessions | October 6, 1937 | |||||
| October 21, 1942 | Gordon Daniel Conant (ministry) 62 / 84(74%) | George Drew (1939 onward) | James Clark (1939–43) | |||
| May 18, 1943 June 30, 1943 | Harry Nixon (ministry) 61 / 82(74%) | |||||
| 21st Parliament 90 seats, 2 sessions | August 4, 1943 Mar. 24, 1945 | George Drew (ministry) 21st 38 / 90(42%) 22nd 66 / 90(73%) 23rd 53 / 90(59%) | Ted Jolliffe Harry Nixon | William James Stewart (to 1947) | ||
| Harry Nixon | ||||||
| 22nd Parliament 90 seats, 4 sessions | June 4, 1945 April 27, 1948 | Farquhar Oliver | ||||
| James Hepburn (from 1947) | ||||||
| 23rd Parliament 90 seats, 4 sessions | June 7, 1948 | Ted Jolliffe Farquhar Oliver | M.C. Davies | |||
| Farquhar Oliver | ||||||
| October 19, 1948 | Thomas Laird Kennedy (ministry) 53 / 90(59%) | |||||
| May 4, 1949 October 6, 1951 | Leslie Frost (ministry) 23rd53 / 90(59%) 24th 79 / 90(88%) 25th 83 / 98(85%) 26th 71 / 98(72%) | |||||
| 24th Parliament 90 seats, 5 sessions | November 22, 1951 May 2, 1955 | Farquhar Oliver(to 1958) | ||||
| 25th Parliament 98 seats, 5 sessions | June 9, 1955 May 4, 1959 | Alfred Downer | ||||
| John Wintermeyer (from 1958) | ||||||
| 26th Parliament 98 seats, 4 sessions | June 11, 1959 | William Murdoch | ||||
| November 8, 1961 Aug. 16, 1963 | John Robarts (ministry) 26th 70 / 98(71%) 27th 77 / 108(71%) 28th 69 / 117(59%) | |||||
| 27th Parliament 108 seats, 5 sessions | September 25, 1963 September 5, 1967 | Farquhar Oliver (to 1964) Andy Thompson (1964–66) Robert Nixon (from 1966) | Donald Morrow | |||
| 28th Parliament 117 seats, 4 sessions | October 17, 1967 | Robert Nixon Donald C. MacDonald (to 1970) Stephen Lewis (from 1970) | Frederick Cass | |||
| Donald C. MacDonald (to 1970) Stephen Lewis (from 1970) | ||||||
| Mar. 1, 1971 September 13, 1971 | Bill Davis (ministry) 28th 68 / 117(58%) 29th 78 / 117(67%) 30th 51 / 125(41%) 31st 58 / 125(46%) 32nd 70 / 125(56%) | |||||
| 29th Parliament 117 seats, 5 sessions | October 21, 1971 Aug. 11, 1975 | Allan Reuter (to 1974) Russell Rowe (from 1974) | ||||
| 30th Parliament 125 seats, 4 sessions | September 18, 1975 April 29, 1977 | Stephen Lewis Robert Nixon (to 1976) Stuart Smith (from 1976) | Russell Rowe | |||
| Robert Nixon (to 1976) Stuart Smith (from 1976) | ||||||
| 31st Parliament 125 seats, 4 sessions | June 9, 1977 February 2, 1981 | Stuart Smith Stephen Lewis (to 1978) Michael Cassidy (from 1978) | Jack Stokes | |||
| Stephen Lewis (to 1978) Michael Cassidy (from 1978) | ||||||
| 32nd Parliament 125 seats, 4 sessions (70 of 125 seats) | March 19, 1981 | Robert Nixon (to 1982) Michael Cassidy (to 1982) | John M. Turner | |||
| Michael Cassidy (to 1982) | ||||||
| February 8, 1985 March 25, 1985 | Frank Miller (ministry) 32nd 72 / 125(58%) 33rd 52 / 125(42%) | David Peterson (from 1982) Bob Rae | ||||
| Bob Rae | ||||||
| 33rd Parliament 125 seats, 3 sessions | May 2, 1985 | Hugh Edighoffer | ||||
| June 26, 1985 July 31, 1987 | David Peterson (ministry) 33rd 73 /125 (58%) 34th 95 / 130(73%) | Frank Miller (1985) Larry Grossman (from 1985) Bob Rae | ||||
| Bob Rae | ||||||
| 34th Parliament 130 seats, 2 sessions | September 10, 1987 July 30, 1990 | Bob Rae Andy Brandt (to May 1990) Mike Harris (from May 1990) | ||||
| Andy Brandt (to May 1990) Mike Harris (from May 1990) | ||||||
| 35th Parliament 130 seats, 3 sessions | September 6, 1990 April 28, 1995 | Bob Rae (ministry) 74 / 130(57%) | Robert Nixon, Murray Elston, Jim Bradley (interim, to 1992) Lyn McLeod (from 1992) Mike Harris | David Warner | ||
| Mike Harris | ||||||
| 36th Parliament 130 seats, 3 sessions | June 8, 1995 May 5, 1999 | Mike Harris (ministry) 36th 82 / 130(63%) 37th 59 / 103(57%) | Lyn McLeod (to 1996) Dalton McGuinty (from 1996) Bob Rae (to 1996) Howard Hampton (from 1996) | Al McLean (to 1996) Edward Doyle (1996) Chris Stockwell (from 1996) | ||
| Bob Rae (to 1996) Howard Hampton (from 1996) | ||||||
| 37th Parliament 103 seats, 4 sessions | June 3, 1999 | Dalton McGuinty Howard Hampton | Gary Carr | |||
| Howard Hampton | ||||||
| April 15, 2002 June 26, 2003 | Ernie Eves (ministry) 57 / 103(55%) | |||||
| 38th Parliament 103 seats, 2 sessions | October 2, 2003 September 10, 2007 | Dalton McGuinty (ministry) 38th 72 / 103(70%) 39th 71 / 107(66%) 40th 53 / 107(50%) | Ernie Eves (to 2004) John Tory (from 2004) Howard Hampton | Alvin Curling(to 2005) Michael A. Brown(from 2005) | ||
| Howard Hampton | ||||||
| 39th Parliament 107 seats, 2 sessions | October 10, 2007 September 7, 2011 | Bob Runciman (to 2009) Tim Hudak (from 2009) Howard Hampton (to 2009) Andrea Horwath (from 2009) | Steve Peters | |||
| Howard Hampton (to 2009) Andrea Horwath (from 2009) | ||||||
| 40th Parliament 107 seats, 2 sessions | October 6, 2011 February 11, 2013 | Tim Hudak Andrea Horwath | Dave Levac | |||
| Andrea Horwath | ||||||
| February 11, 2013 May 2, 2014 | Kathleen Wynne (ministry) 40th 53 / 107(50%) 41st 58 / 107(54%) | |||||
| 41st Parliament 107 seats, 3 sessions | June 12, 2014 May 8, 2018 | Jim Wilson (to 2015) Patrick Brown (2015–18) Vic Fedeli (2018) Andrea Horwath | ||||
| Andrea Horwath | ||||||
| 42nd Parliament 124 seats, 2 sessions | June 7, 2018 May 3, 2022 | Doug Ford (ministry) 42nd 76 / 124(61%) 43rd 83 / 124(67%) 44th 80 / 124(65%) | Andrea Horwath | Ted Arnott | ||
| 43rd Parliament 124 seats, 1 session | June 2, 2022 January 28, 2025 | Peter Tabuns (to Feb 2023) Marit Stiles (from 2023) | ||||
| 44th Parliament 124 seats, 1 session | February 27, 2025 (current parliament) | Marit Stiles John Fraser | Donna Skelly | |||
| John Fraser |
Sources
- Ontario. . Past & Present MPPs. Office of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario. Archived from on March 16, 2007.
- Ontario. . The Speaker. Office of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario. Archived from on July 4, 2007.