Parnassiinae

The Parnassiinae or snow Apollos are a subfamily of the swallowtail butterfly family, Papilionidae. The subfamily includes about 50 medium-sized, white or yellow species. The snow Apollos are high-altitude butterflies and are distributed across Asia, Europe and North America.

Tribes

This subfamily consists of the following tribes:

• Luehdorfiini
• Parnassiini
• Zerynthiini

Gallery

• Hypermnestra helios tribe Parnassiini
• Mountain Apollo (Parnassius apollo) tribe Parnassiini
• Clouded Apollo (Parnassius mnemosyne) tribe Parnassiini
• False Apollo (Archon apollinus) tribe Luehdorfiini
• Japanese luehdorfia (Luehdorfia japonica) tribe Luehdorfiini
• Southern festoon (Zerynthia polyxena) tribe Zerythiini
• Eastern festoon (Allancastria cerisyi) tribe Zerythiini
• Bhutan glory (Bhutanitis lidderdalii) tribe Zerythiini

Further reading

• Glassberg, Jeffrey Butterflies through Binoculars, The West (2001)
• Guppy, Crispin S. and Shepard, Jon H. Butterflies of British Columbia (2001)
• James, David G. and Nunnallee, David Life Histories of Cascadia Butterflies (2011)
• Pelham, Jonathan Catalogue of the Butterflies of the United States and Canada (2008)
• Pyle, Robert Michael The Butterflies of Cascadia (2002)

External links