The scaldfishes comprise a genus, Arnoglossus, of lefteye flounders. They are found in the Pacific, Indian and Atlantic Oceans, including the Mediterranean and Black Sea. They are entirely absent from most of the Americas; the only exceptions are A. coeruleosticta and A. multirastris found off Chile. The genus include both species found in shallow and deeper water. The largest species reaches 28cm (11in).

Species

The 37 currently recognized species are:

The following fossil species are also known:

  • †Arnoglossus bassanianus (Kramberger, 1883) (Middle Miocene of Croatia and Kazakhstan)
  • †Arnoglossus dispar Schwarzhans et al., 2024 (middle Miocene of Ukraine) [otolith]
  • †Arnoglossus distinctus Svichenskaya, 1981 (early Miocene of North Caucasus, Russia)
  • †Arnoglossus holleri Weinfurter, 1952 (early to middle Miocene of Europe) [otolith]
  • †Arnoglossus ovalis Svichenskaya, 1981 (early Miocene of North Caucasus, Russia)
  • †Arnoglossus sauvagei (Capellini, 1878) (=†Citharichthys oranensis Arambourg, 1927) (Late Miocene of Italy and Algeria)
  • †Arnoglossus sumgaiticus Svichenskaya, 1981 (early Miocene of North Caucasus, Russia)