Solar eclipse of December 13, 1936
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An annular solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's ascending node of orbit between Sunday, December 13 and Monday, December 14, 1936, with a magnitude of 0.9349. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. An annular solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is smaller than the Sun's, blocking most of the Sun's light and causing the Sun to look like an annulus (ring). An annular eclipse appears as a partial eclipse over a region of the Earth thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 4.1 days after apogee (on December 9, 1936, at 20:00 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger.
Annularity was visible from Australia and New Zealand on December 14 (Monday), and Oeno Island in the Pitcairn Islands on December 13 (Sunday). A partial eclipse was visible for parts of Australia, Oceania, and Antarctica.
Eclipse details
Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the Moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse.
| Event | Time (UTC) |
|---|---|
| First Penumbral External Contact | 1936 December 13 at 20:27:13.0 UTC |
| First Umbral External Contact | 1936 December 13 at 21:32:18.0 UTC |
| First Central Line | 1936 December 13 at 21:35:09.5 UTC |
| First Umbral Internal Contact | 1936 December 13 at 21:38:01.1 UTC |
| First Penumbral Internal Contact | 1936 December 13 at 22:47:25.8 UTC |
| Greatest Duration | 1936 December 13 at 23:24:56.8 UTC |
| Ecliptic Conjunction | 1936 December 13 at 23:25:14.8 UTC |
| Equatorial Conjunction | 1936 December 13 at 23:27:03.5 UTC |
| Greatest Eclipse | 1936 December 13 at 23:28:11.7 UTC |
| Last Penumbral Internal Contact | 1936 December 14 at 00:09:00.2 UTC |
| Last Umbral Internal Contact | 1936 December 14 at 01:18:24.6 UTC |
| Last Central Line | 1936 December 14 at 01:21:14.0 UTC |
| Last Umbral External Contact | 1936 December 14 at 01:24:03.0 UTC |
| Last Penumbral External Contact | 1936 December 14 at 02:29:05.6 UTC |
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Eclipse Magnitude | 0.93493 |
| Eclipse Obscuration | 0.87409 |
| Gamma | −0.24927 |
| Sun Right Ascension | 17h24m20.6s |
| Sun Declination | -23°11'38.5" |
| Sun Semi-Diameter | 16'15.0" |
| Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax | 08.9" |
| Moon Right Ascension | 17h24m23.0s |
| Moon Declination | -23°25'17.2" |
| Moon Semi-Diameter | 14'58.2" |
| Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax | 0°54'56.3" |
| ΔT | 23.9 s |
Eclipse season
This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.
| December 13 Ascending node (new moon) | December 28 Descending node (full moon) |
|---|---|
| Annular solar eclipse Solar Saros 131 | Penumbral lunar eclipse Lunar Saros 143 |
Related eclipses
Eclipses in 1936
- A total lunar eclipse on January 8.
- A total solar eclipse on June 19.
- A partial lunar eclipse on July 4.
- An annular solar eclipse on December 13.
- A penumbral lunar eclipse on December 28.
Metonic
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of February 24, 1933
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of October 1, 1940
Tzolkinex
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of November 1, 1929
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of January 25, 1944
Half-Saros
- Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of December 8, 1927
- Followed by: Lunar eclipse of December 19, 1945
Tritos
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of January 14, 1926
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of November 12, 1947
Solar Saros 131
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of December 3, 1918
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of December 25, 1954
Inex
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of January 3, 1908
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of November 23, 1965
Triad
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of February 12, 1850
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of October 14, 2023
Solar eclipses of 1935–1938
This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of solar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit.
The partial solar eclipses on February 3, 1935 and July 30, 1935 occur in the previous lunar year eclipse set.
| Solar eclipse series sets from 1935 to 1938 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ascending node | Descending node | ||||
| Saros | Map | Gamma | Saros | Map | Gamma |
| 111 | January 5, 1935 Partial | −1.5381 | 116 | June 30, 1935 Partial | 1.3623 |
| 121 | December 25, 1935 Annular | −0.9228 | 126 | June 19, 1936 Total | 0.5389 |
| 131 | December 13, 1936 Annular | −0.2493 | 136 Totality in Kanton Island, Kiribati | June 8, 1937 Total | −0.2253 |
| 141 | December 2, 1937 Annular | 0.4389 | 146 | May 29, 1938 Total | −0.9607 |
| 151 | November 21, 1938 Partial | 1.1077 |
Saros 131
This eclipse is a part of Saros series 131, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 70 events. The series started with a partial solar eclipse on August 1, 1125. It contains total eclipses from March 27, 1522 through May 30, 1612; hybrid eclipses from June 10, 1630 through July 24, 1702; and annular eclipses from August 4, 1720 through June 18, 2243. The series ends at member 70 as a partial eclipse on September 2, 2369. Its eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.
The longest duration of totality was produced by member 28 at 58 seconds on May 30, 1612, and the longest duration of annularity was produced by member 50 at 7 minutes, 54 seconds on January 26, 2009. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit.
| Series members 39–60 occur between 1801 and 2200: | ||
|---|---|---|
| 39 | 40 | 41 |
| September 28, 1810 | October 9, 1828 | October 20, 1846 |
| 42 | 43 | 44 |
| October 30, 1864 | November 10, 1882 | November 22, 1900 |
| 45 | 46 | 47 |
| December 3, 1918 | December 13, 1936 | December 25, 1954 |
| 48 | 49 | 50 |
| January 4, 1973 | January 15, 1991 | January 26, 2009 |
| 51 | 52 | 53 |
| February 6, 2027 | February 16, 2045 | February 28, 2063 |
| 54 | 55 | 56 |
| March 10, 2081 | March 21, 2099 | April 2, 2117 |
| 57 | 58 | 59 |
| April 13, 2135 | April 23, 2153 | May 5, 2171 |
| 60 | ||
| May 15, 2189 |
Metonic series
The metonic series repeats eclipses every 19 years (6939.69 days), lasting about 5 cycles. Eclipses occur in nearly the same calendar date. In addition, the octon subseries repeats 1/5 of that or every 3.8 years (1387.94 days). All eclipses in this table occur at the Moon's ascending node.
| 22 eclipse events between December 13, 1898 and July 20, 1982 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| December 13–14 | October 1–2 | July 20–21 | May 9 | February 24–25 |
| 111 | 113 | 115 | 117 | 119 |
| December 13, 1898 | July 21, 1906 | May 9, 1910 | February 25, 1914 | |
| 121 | 123 | 125 | 127 | 129 |
| December 14, 1917 | October 1, 1921 | July 20, 1925 | May 9, 1929 | February 24, 1933 |
| 131 | 133 | 135 | 137 | 139 |
| December 13, 1936 | October 1, 1940 | July 20, 1944 | May 9, 1948 | February 25, 1952 |
| 141 | 143 | 145 | 147 | 149 |
| December 14, 1955 | October 2, 1959 | July 20, 1963 | May 9, 1967 | February 25, 1971 |
| 151 | 153 | 155 | ||
| December 13, 1974 | October 2, 1978 | July 20, 1982 |
Tritos series
This eclipse is a part of a tritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135 synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.
| Series members between 1801 and 2200 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| December 21, 1805 (Saros 119) | November 19, 1816 (Saros 120) | October 20, 1827 (Saros 121) | September 18, 1838 (Saros 122) | August 18, 1849 (Saros 123) |
| July 18, 1860 (Saros 124) | June 18, 1871 (Saros 125) | May 17, 1882 (Saros 126) | April 16, 1893 (Saros 127) | March 17, 1904 (Saros 128) |
| February 14, 1915 (Saros 129) | January 14, 1926 (Saros 130) | December 13, 1936 (Saros 131) | November 12, 1947 (Saros 132) | October 12, 1958 (Saros 133) |
| September 11, 1969 (Saros 134) | August 10, 1980 (Saros 135) | July 11, 1991 (Saros 136) | June 10, 2002 (Saros 137) | May 10, 2013 (Saros 138) |
| April 8, 2024 (Saros 139) | March 9, 2035 (Saros 140) | February 5, 2046 (Saros 141) | January 5, 2057 (Saros 142) | December 6, 2067 (Saros 143) |
| November 4, 2078 (Saros 144) | October 4, 2089 (Saros 145) | September 4, 2100 (Saros 146) | August 4, 2111 (Saros 147) | July 4, 2122 (Saros 148) |
| June 3, 2133 (Saros 149) | May 3, 2144 (Saros 150) | April 2, 2155 (Saros 151) | March 2, 2166 (Saros 152) | January 29, 2177 (Saros 153) |
| December 29, 2187 (Saros 154) | November 28, 2198 (Saros 155) |
Inex series
This eclipse is a part of the long period inex cycle, repeating at alternating nodes, every 358 synodic months (≈ 10,571.95 days, or 29 years minus 20 days). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee). However, groupings of 3 inex cycles (≈ 87 years minus 2 months) comes close (≈ 1,151.02 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.
| Series members between 1801 and 2200 | ||
|---|---|---|
| March 4, 1821 (Saros 127) | February 12, 1850 (Saros 128) | January 22, 1879 (Saros 129) |
| January 3, 1908 (Saros 130) | December 13, 1936 (Saros 131) | November 23, 1965 (Saros 132) |
| November 3, 1994 (Saros 133) | October 14, 2023 (Saros 134) | September 22, 2052 (Saros 135) |
| September 3, 2081 (Saros 136) | August 15, 2110 (Saros 137) | July 25, 2139 (Saros 138) |
| July 5, 2168 (Saros 139) | June 15, 2197 (Saros 140) |
Notes
- Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, NASA/GSFC