Timeline of Hama

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Hama, Syria.

Prior to 7th century

• 11th century BCE – Town is "capital of Aramean kingdom of Hamath."
• 854 BCE – Town taken by Assyrian Shalmaneser II.
• 743 BCE – Assyrians in power again.
• 740 BCE – Uprising.
• 720 BCE – Uprising "crushed by Sargon."
• 540 BCE – Persians in power (approximate date).
• 64 BCE – Town becomes part of the Roman province of Syria.

7th–19th centuries

• 639 CE – Town taken by Arab Muslim Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah.
• 637 – Great Mosque built.
• 10th century – Hamdanids in power.
• 968 – Town sacked by Byzantine forces of Nicephorus Phocas.
• 11th century – Town sacked by Mirdasid forces.
• 1108 – Tancred, Prince of Galilee takes town.
• 1114 – Seljuks in power.
• 1157 – Earthquake.
• 1172 – Nur al-Din Mosque built.
• 1175 – Saladin takes town from Zangids.
• 1178 – Al-Muzaffar I Umar becomes Emir of Hama.
• 1191 – Al-Mansur I Muhammad becomes Emir of Hama.
• 1221 – Al-Nasir Kilij Arslan becomes Emir of Hama.
• 1229 – Al-Muzaffar II Mahmud becomes Emir of Hama.
• 1244 – Al-Mansur Muhammad II becomes Emir of Hama.
• 1260 – Town sacked by Mongols.
• 1284 – Al-Muzaffar III Mahmud becomes Emir of Hama.
• 1299 – Mamluks in power.
• 1310 – Ayyubid Abu al-Fida becomes Emir of Hama.
• 1323 – al-Izzi Mosque built.
• 1326 – Abu'l-Fida Mosque built.
• 1331 – Al-Afdal Muhammad becomes Emir of Hama.
• 1400 – Timurlane takes town.
• 1453 – al-Mamunye (water wheel) constructed.[citation needed]
• 1516 – Ottoman Turks in power.
• 1556 – Khan Rustum Pasha (caravansary) built.[citation needed]
• 1742 – Azm Palace built.
• 1858 – Population: 30,000.
• 1864 – Town becomes capital of the Hamah sanjak (district) in the Vilayet of Sham.
• 1875 – Cholera outbreak.
• 1898 – Public library opens (approximate date).

20th century

• 1901 – Population: 45,000 (approximate).
• 1902 – Rayak-Hama railway begins operating.
• 1906 – Aleppo-Hama railway constructed.
• 1917 – Shaker al-Hanbali becomes mayor.
• 1918 – Town becomes part of French Mandate of Syria.
• 1925 – 1925 Hama uprising, early October uprising by Hama's inhabitants led by Fawzi al-Qawuqji against the French mandate, subsequent crackdown by French forces. Part of the Great Syrian Revolt.
• 1930 – Population: 60,000.
• 1941 – Al-Taliya Sport Club formed.
• 1945 – Al-Nawair Sport Club formed.
• 1946 – City becomes part of independent Syrian Republic.
• 1960 – Population: 97,390.
• 1963 – April: Anti-Baathist demonstrations.
• 1964 April: Conflict between Muslim Brotherhood and Baath leaders. Population: 131,630 (estimate).
• 1970 – Population: 137,421.
• 1980 – February: Islamist uprising
• 1981 – April: 1981 Hama massacre.
• 1982 – February: Muslim Brotherhood uprising against Hafez al-Assad government; crackdown.
• 1985 – Population: 193,610 (estimate).
• 1989 – Apamea Cham Palace Hotel built.

21st century

• 2003 – Population: 427,369 (estimate).
• 2008 – Population: 1,508,000 (estimate).
• 2011 15 March–3 July: Mass demonstrations. 3 July–4 August: Army crackdown on protesters. September–December: Hama Governorate clashes
• 2012 14 April: City under full SAA control 25 April: Explosion in Mashaa Attayar.
• 2012/13 Autumn–spring: Rebels in control of Hamidiyah, Tariq Halab and Al-Arbain neighbourhoods
• 2013 25 April–15 June: Rest of the city captured by SAA during 2013 Hama offensive.
• 2024 30 November–5 December: Syrian opposition forces captured the city following fierce clashes.

See also

• Timelines of other cities in Syria: Aleppo, Damascus, Homs, Latakia

Bibliography

Published in 19th century

• Abraham Rees (1819). . The Cyclopædia. London.
• Josiah Conder (1830), , The Modern Traveller, London: J.Duncan
• , Handbook for Travellers in Syria and Palestine, London: J. Murray, 1858, OCLC
• , Palestine and Syria, Leipsig: Karl Baedeker, 1876

Published in 20th century

• , Chambers's Encyclopaedia, London: W. & R. Chambers, 1901
• "Hamah". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol.12 (11thed.). 1910. p.869.
• Trudy Ring, ed. (1996), "Hama", Middle East and Africa, International Dictionary of Historic Places, Routledge, ISBN9781884964039
• N. E. Bou-Nacklie (1998). "Tumult in Syria's Hama in 1925: The Failure of a Revolt". Journal of Contemporary History. 33 (2): 273–289. doi:. S2CID.

Published in 21st century

• J.L. Whitaker (2008), "Hamah", in Michael R.T. Dumper; Bruce E. Stanley (eds.), Cities of the Middle East and North Africa, Santa Barbara, USA: ABC-CLIO
• "Hama". Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art & Architecture. Oxford University Press. 2009.

External links

35°08′N 36°45′E/35.133°N 36.750°E/ 35.133; 36.750